本文關(guān)鍵詞： 烏干達(dá) 女子高等教育 穆塞韋尼　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：高等教育對經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的推動作用已為世界人民所認(rèn)可,但是在高等教育發(fā)展的早期,接受高等教育的對象往往是男性(這種狀況在落后地區(qū)尤為明顯),而女性接受高等教育的權(quán)利被無形的剝奪了。烏干達(dá),一個地處非洲東部的發(fā)展水平相對較低的發(fā)展中國家,由于其傳統(tǒng)的文化偏見和社會習(xí)俗,導(dǎo)致烏干達(dá)社會長期以來存在嚴(yán)重的性別不平等現(xiàn)象,女子沒有接受教育的權(quán)利,更不用說高等教育。然而,這一狀況在烏干達(dá)獨(dú)立后改變不大。由于國家內(nèi)部的政治不穩(wěn)定,女子教育發(fā)展步履維艱。直到1986年,穆塞韋尼出任烏干達(dá)總統(tǒng),在“國家抵抗運(yùn)動”的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,烏干達(dá)開始逐步走向現(xiàn)代化,女子高等教育的發(fā)展才開始步入正軌,迎來了其發(fā)展的高速階段。 本文運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)法、歷史研究法、個案分析法等,搜集相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)和統(tǒng)計資料,對20世紀(jì)80年代中期以后的烏干達(dá)女子高等教育發(fā)展進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究。從縱向和橫向兩個大的方面分析烏干達(dá)女子高等教育的發(fā)展背景,描述了其發(fā)展表現(xiàn),進(jìn)而分析發(fā)展進(jìn)步的原因。在此基礎(chǔ)上,闡述烏干達(dá)女子高等教育在發(fā)展過程中出現(xiàn)的問題以及面臨的挑戰(zhàn),從而對烏干達(dá)女子高等教育的發(fā)展有一個較為全面的論述。 論文主要分為五個部分： 緒論部分介紹了論文的選題、研究意義、國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀、研究方法和相關(guān)的概念界定等。 第一章論述了烏干達(dá)女子高等教育的發(fā)展條件和基礎(chǔ),描述了女子高等教育的早期發(fā)展,烏干達(dá)的特有國情,突出婦女運(yùn)動興起和發(fā)展以及影響烏干達(dá)高等教育發(fā)展的世界大環(huán)境等。 第二章概述了烏干達(dá)女子高等教育發(fā)展的表現(xiàn),從女性的入學(xué)人數(shù)增加,女性的畢業(yè)率提高以及女性就業(yè)層次的提高三個方面綜合比較論述,得出這一時期女子高等教育發(fā)展取得了較大的成就。 第三章著重分析發(fā)展原因。政治穩(wěn)定,經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展是女子高等教育發(fā)展的根本原因。而在烏干達(dá),除上述原因外,穆塞韋尼政府的政策鼓勵是其發(fā)展的特有因素,也是推動這一時期女子高等教育發(fā)展的主要力量。同時女子高等教育的發(fā)展也離不開非政府組織的積極努力。 第四章闡述烏干達(dá)女子高等教育發(fā)展在取得巨大進(jìn)步的同時也不可避免的出現(xiàn)了一些問題。從學(xué)校本身、社會文化以及家庭和國家等層面分析出現(xiàn)的問題,如課程設(shè)置、早婚、資金不足等,進(jìn)而指出烏干達(dá)女子高等教育發(fā)展面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。 最后一部分對全文進(jìn)行了總結(jié),肯定烏干達(dá)女子高等教育發(fā)展在穆塞韋尼執(zhí)政以來取得的巨大成就,這一成就的取得離不開穆塞韋尼政府、非政府組織等的共同努力和合作。與此同時,指出其發(fā)展過程中出現(xiàn)的問題和面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。高等教育的發(fā)展不是一蹴而就的,未來烏干達(dá)女子高等教育的發(fā)展將如何走向,我們只能拭目以待。
[Abstract]:The role of higher education in promoting economic development has been recognized by the people of the world, but in the early stages of the development of higher education, Higher education is often targeted at men (this is particularly true in backward areas, where women's right to higher education is intangibly denied.) Uganda, a developing country with relatively low levels of development in eastern Africa, As a result of its traditional cultural prejudices and social practices, there has been a serious gender inequality in Ugandan society for a long time, and girls do not have the right to education, let alone higher education... however, This has not changed much since Uganda became independent. The development of women's education was difficult because of political instability within the country. Until 1986, Museveni became President of Uganda, under the leadership of the National Resistance Movement. Uganda began to modernize gradually, and the development of higher education for women began to get on the right track, ushered in a high-speed stage of its development. This paper uses literature, historical research, case analysis, and so on, to collect relevant data and statistical data. This paper makes a systematic study on the development of female higher education in Uganda after the middle of 1980s. It analyzes the background of the development of female higher education in Uganda from the vertical and horizontal aspects, and describes its development performance. On the basis of this, the problems and challenges in the development of women's higher education in Uganda are expounded, so that the development of women's higher education in Uganda is discussed in a more comprehensive way. The thesis is divided into five parts:. The introduction part introduces the topic of the thesis, the significance of the research, the current situation of research at home and abroad, the research methods and the definition of related concepts. The first chapter discusses the development conditions and foundation of women's higher education in Uganda, describes the early development of women's higher education, and the unique national conditions of Uganda. Highlight the rise and development of the women's movement and the world environment that affects the development of higher education in Uganda. The second chapter summarizes the development of female higher education in Uganda, from three aspects: the increase of female enrollment, the increase of female graduation rate and the improvement of female employment level. It is concluded that the development of higher education for women has made great achievements in this period. Chapter III focuses on the analysis of the reasons for development. Political stability and economic development are the fundamental reasons for the development of women's higher education. In Uganda, in addition to the above reasons, the policy encouragement of the Museveni Government is a unique factor in its development. It is also the main force to promote the development of women's higher education in this period, and the development of women's higher education can not be separated from the active efforts of non-governmental organizations. Chapter 4th states that while the development of women's higher education in Uganda has made great progress, some problems have inevitably arisen at the same time. From the school itself, the social culture, the family and the country, and so on, the paper analyzes the problems, such as curriculum, etc. Early marriage, lack of funds, and so on, and then pointed out the development of women's higher education in Uganda facing challenges. The last part summarizes the full text, affirming the great achievements made by Uganda's women's higher education development since Museveni came to power, which cannot be achieved without the Museveni government. The joint efforts and cooperation of non-governmental organizations and others. At the same time, it points out the problems and challenges that arise in the course of their development. The development of higher education will not be achieved overnight, and how will the development of higher education for women in Uganda go in the future? We can only wait and see.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G649.426;K426

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