本文關(guān)鍵詞： 中阿關(guān)系 意識(shí)形態(tài) 同一性 差異性　出處：《曲阜師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：冷戰(zhàn)期間,東方陣營(yíng)國(guó)家間的矛盾和沖突不斷,中國(guó)與阿爾巴尼亞關(guān)系的演變是其中之一。中阿關(guān)系從60年代的親密友好,發(fā)展到70年代的交惡破裂,可謂是跌宕起伏。意識(shí)形態(tài)因素在中阿關(guān)系的演變中發(fā)揮了重要作用:中阿因意識(shí)形態(tài)趨同而結(jié)成同盟,又因意識(shí)形態(tài)對(duì)立走向分裂。目前,學(xué)術(shù)界有關(guān)中阿關(guān)系的研究尚且不足。本文主要運(yùn)用比較分析法,結(jié)合意識(shí)形態(tài)相關(guān)理論對(duì)中阿關(guān)系演變過(guò)程進(jìn)行分析,探討意識(shí)形態(tài)因素對(duì)中阿關(guān)系從親密走向破裂的影響。20世紀(jì)60年代初,中阿因意識(shí)形態(tài)趨同結(jié)成同盟。1961-1979年,是中阿意識(shí)形態(tài)高度認(rèn)同期。此時(shí),雙方意識(shí)形態(tài)同一性占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位,這主要體現(xiàn)在四個(gè)方面:第一,中阿共同反對(duì)以美國(guó)為首的帝國(guó)主義陣營(yíng);第二,中阿共同反對(duì)南斯拉夫、蘇聯(lián)“修正主義”;第三,中阿都崇尚革命思想,號(hào)召“世界革命”;第四,中阿均“以階級(jí)斗爭(zhēng)為綱”,在國(guó)內(nèi)開(kāi)展“思想文化革命”。60年代,中阿意識(shí)形態(tài)同一性中蘊(yùn)含著差異性。在意識(shí)形態(tài)高度認(rèn)同的背后,雙方在意識(shí)形態(tài)及外交政策方面存在一些分歧,為以后雙方意識(shí)形態(tài)矛盾對(duì)立埋下伏筆。差異性與同一性是對(duì)立統(tǒng)一的。隨60年代末70年代初國(guó)際局勢(shì)發(fā)生變化,中阿兩黨、兩國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人對(duì)國(guó)家利益與意識(shí)形態(tài)的關(guān)系做出不同判斷,對(duì)各自信奉的意識(shí)形態(tài)做出不同選擇。中國(guó)開(kāi)始放棄傳統(tǒng)外交觀念,對(duì)外政策側(cè)重國(guó)家安全利益和經(jīng)濟(jì)利益,并逐漸擺脫極“左”思想,改變斯大林模式,對(duì)內(nèi)改革,對(duì)外開(kāi)放。阿爾巴尼亞仍固守冷戰(zhàn)思維,把意識(shí)形態(tài)作為劃分?jǐn)澄业奈ㄒ粯?biāo)準(zhǔn),堅(jiān)持斯大林模式不變。中阿意識(shí)形態(tài)呈現(xiàn)矛盾對(duì)立狀態(tài),這主要體現(xiàn)在以下四個(gè)方面:第一,中國(guó)主張?jiān)趪?guó)際上聯(lián)美反蘇,阿爾巴尼亞則堅(jiān)決反對(duì)帝國(guó)主義和“修正主義”;第二,中國(guó)提出“三個(gè)世界”理論和“一條線”、“一大片”戰(zhàn)略思想,阿爾巴尼亞持批判態(tài)度;第三,中國(guó)改變“以階級(jí)斗爭(zhēng)為綱”的思想,粉碎“四人幫”,阿爾巴尼亞反對(duì)中國(guó)的做法;第四,中國(guó)摒棄斯大林模式,實(shí)行改革開(kāi)放政策,阿爾巴尼亞仍堅(jiān)守斯大林模式。國(guó)家利益是國(guó)家對(duì)外政策的出發(fā)點(diǎn)和根本目的,意識(shí)形態(tài)通過(guò)界定國(guó)家利益從而影響一國(guó)的對(duì)外政策。60年代末至70年代,中阿意識(shí)形態(tài)上的對(duì)立導(dǎo)致兩國(guó)在外交實(shí)踐中的尖銳對(duì)立。其中,雙方圍繞中南關(guān)系改善、中蘇邊界談判、中美關(guān)系正�；膶�(duì)立最為典型。中阿意識(shí)形態(tài)對(duì)立瓦解了當(dāng)初雙方結(jié)成同盟的基礎(chǔ),致使中阿在外交上尖銳對(duì)立,再加之雙方在經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事援助等方面的糾紛,中阿關(guān)系最終走向破裂。由于學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)中阿關(guān)系演變關(guān)注甚少,故本文的寫作可進(jìn)一步豐富該領(lǐng)域的研究。本文通過(guò)對(duì)中阿關(guān)系演變中意識(shí)形態(tài)因素的分析,還有利于正確認(rèn)識(shí)意識(shí)形態(tài)與國(guó)家利益的關(guān)系,正確認(rèn)識(shí)中阿特殊關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:During the cold war, the Eastern bloc contradictions and conflicts between countries, Chinese evolution relationship with Albania is one of them. Arab relations from 60s to 70s the development of close friendship, so broken, can be ups and downs. Ideological factors played an important role in the evolution of Sino Arab relations in the ideological convergence and Alliance in Hain again, because of ideological opposition to secession. At present, the research is academic on the Sino Arab relations deficiencies. This paper mainly uses the method of comparative analysis, combining the ideological theory to analyze the evolution of Sino Arab relations, to explore the ideological influence on Sino Arab relations close to burst from the.20 Century at the beginning of 60s, in the ideological convergence alliance.1961-1979 Hain years, is highly recognized. The ideology of the ideology of both sides to occupy the dominant position of the same, This is mainly reflected in four aspects: first, the common anti imperialist camp led by the U. S.; second, Arab joint against Yugoslavia, Soviet Revisionism; third, Arab countries are advocating revolutionary ideas, called the "world revolution"; fourth, the "class struggle", carry out the thought of "Cultural Revolution".60's in China, Sino Arab ideology identity contains the differences in ideology behind the high degree of identity, the existence of some differences in ideology and foreign policy, for both ideology contradictory foreshadowed. The difference and identity is the unity of opposites with the end of 60s at the beginning of the 70s international. The situation changes, the parties make different judgments, relations between the leaders of national interests and ideology, make different choices of their ideology. China began to put in Abandon the traditional concept of diplomacy, foreign policy focused on national security and economic interests, and gradually get rid of "left" thought, change Stalin mode to internal reform, opening to the outside world. Albania still cling to the Cold War mentality, ideology as the only standard to divide the enemy, Stalin adhere to the same pattern. The ideologies contradictory state, the main in the following four aspects: first, Chinese advocated in the world against the Soviet hegemony, Albania is firmly opposed to imperialism and revisionism; second, Chinese put forward the theory of "Three Worlds" and "one line", "a large" strategy, Albania critical; third, China change "take the class struggle as the key link", to smash the gang of four, Albania against China practices; fourth, China abandon the Stalin model, the implementation of reform and opening up The policy, Albania still adhere to Stalin. National interests is the starting point of the country's foreign policy and the fundamental purpose of ideology through the definition of national interests and influence a country's foreign policy to.60 at the end of 70s, the Arab opposition ideology led to the two handed sharp opposition in practice in and abroad. Among them, the two sides around the south of Sino Soviet relations improve border talks, opposite the normalization of Sino US relations is the most typical Arab ideology collapse the two sides had an alliance, resulting in Arab diplomatic conflict, coupled with the two sides in economic, military assistance and other aspects of the dispute, Sino Arab relations finally broke up. Because the academic circles paid little attention on China Argentina relations evolution, so the writing of this paper can enrich the research in this field. Based on the analysis of the evolution of Sino Arab relations in ideology, but also conducive to A correct understanding of the relationship between ideology and the interests of the state and a correct understanding of the Sino Arab special relations.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K153

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