本文關(guān)鍵詞： 加拿大 早期的鐵路 沿海省 圣勞倫斯貿(mào)易體系　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 從某種意義上看，鐵路是加拿大各個方面取得發(fā)展的先行者，是加拿大聯(lián)合的促進因素，同時也是加拿大改變殖民地身份，融入世界的推動力。鐵路在加拿大的歷史上有著舉足輕重的地位，它在促進經(jīng)濟繁榮、政治統(tǒng)一、文化融合、社會發(fā)展等方面都發(fā)揮了重要作用。19世紀(jì)30年代，美國興起的“鐵路熱”擴展到了加拿大。相對于水路運輸而言，鐵路運輸方便、快捷，尤其適合在加拿大這樣國土面積廣闊的國家內(nèi)發(fā)展。19世紀(jì)50—70年代加拿大進入早期鐵路發(fā)展時期。其間經(jīng)歷了50年代以及60年代兩次高潮。幾十年間，加拿大鐵路的發(fā)展幾乎是經(jīng)歷了從無到有，從有到逐漸發(fā)展壯大的過程，并為以后的發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 作為一項新技術(shù)，鐵路的應(yīng)用是人類進步的標(biāo)志。作為較晚進入發(fā)展的資本主義國家，加拿大鐵路應(yīng)用也大多步其他國家的后塵。鐵路技術(shù)、材料多從英、美進口，但加拿大鐵路的發(fā)展也有其自身的特點，而這些特點在早期鐵路的發(fā)展過程中體現(xiàn)的更為明顯。鐵路在其他國家是工業(yè)革命的補充，更多的意義體現(xiàn)于增強經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方面，但在當(dāng)時加拿大這一以農(nóng)業(yè)為主，依靠水路運輸為傳統(tǒng)的國家中，鐵路可謂是工業(yè)革命的主角。在鐵路的帶動下各種制造業(yè)開始蓬勃的發(fā)展起來。同時，早期鐵路對于加拿大的政治意義較之其他國家更為重大。長期以來的殖民地身份使加拿大的各地區(qū)有著很深的地方保護主義意識，隔閡、淡漠成為了各地區(qū)的主旋律，但在鐵路業(yè)發(fā)展起來之后，這些現(xiàn)象逐漸消失。人們曾將加拿大的鐵路發(fā)展作為貫通血脈的行為。的確，沒有鐵路就很可能沒有各地區(qū)的聯(lián)合，而如果沒有這種聯(lián)合，今天的加拿大這個國家就可能不會出現(xiàn)�？梢�，早期鐵路在加拿大的歷史上有著絕對舉足輕重的意義。 本文分四個部分。 第一部分主要介紹加拿大早期鐵路建設(shè)興起前的國內(nèi)和國際環(huán)境。深入探討是什么原因促使加拿大加入這股鐵路建筑的大潮中，并簡要地介紹了在50年代鐵路高潮到來之前所修建的幾條短小的鐵路，是它們?yōu)榧幽么蟠撕蟠笠?guī)模的修建鐵路拉開了序幕。 第二部分內(nèi)容著重介紹加拿大早期鐵路建設(shè)時期韻第一次筑路高潮。此次高潮正值英、美大規(guī)模興建鐵路時期。鐵路成為當(dāng)時世界上最有利可圖的事業(yè)。在經(jīng)濟利益的驅(qū)動下，投資者在加拿大大興鐵路。雖然這段時間的鐵路出于經(jīng)濟利益的考慮多集中于圣勞倫斯水路周圍，是水運的補充。即使最終沒有很好地實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟目的，但鐵路作為一項新型的運輸技術(shù)使加拿大傳統(tǒng)貿(mào)易運輸渠道得到了擴展，繁榮了加拿大的經(jīng)濟，并為下一次鐵路高潮的到來打下了一定的技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。 第三部分著重介紹加拿大早期鐵路建設(shè)時期的第二次筑路高潮。與第一高潮有所不同的是，60——70年代鐵路建設(shè)多是由政治原因帶動的。進入60年代，加拿大面對的美國威脅在不斷加大，曾經(jīng)的貿(mào)易優(yōu)惠的消失使殖民地人民不得不尋求自身發(fā)展的道路�！奥�(lián)合”成為了人們的首選，此時鐵路發(fā)揮了它在促進政治聯(lián)合中的巨大作用，以鐵路修建為條件促進聯(lián)合成為了加拿大第二次鐵路修筑高潮中的一個特點。以鐵路為“骨骼”建立起來的加拿大自治領(lǐng)又通過鐵路不斷壯大，為最終加拿大成為一個從海洋到海洋的國家打下了堅實的基礎(chǔ)。 第四部分在前三部分的基礎(chǔ)上集中論述加拿大早期鐵路發(fā)展的特點和意義。加拿大早期鐵路的發(fā)展有著不同于當(dāng)時歐美鐵路發(fā)展的很多特點。在鐵路建筑過程中的材料、技術(shù)使用，以及鐵路發(fā)展中政府所起到的巨大作用都是其特點。同時早期鐵路的發(fā)展對于加拿大又有著極其重要的意義。它在促進加拿大經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展、政治統(tǒng)一、社會進步方面的作用較之其他國家更為重大和全面。 總之，對于加拿大早期鐵路的研究無論是在加拿大鐵路史上還是在加拿大社會發(fā)展史上都具有十分重要的意義。鐵路在加拿大早期發(fā)展的歷史中所起的作用是其他國家不能比擬的。它是加拿大國家形成的骨骼，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的血脈，關(guān)系著加拿大社會的方方面面。
[Abstract]:In a sense, is the forerunner of Canadian railway development in all aspects, is a promoting factor of the Confederation and Canada also changed the colonial identity into the world of the driving force. Railway plays an important role in Canadian history. It promotes economic prosperity, political unity, cultural integration, social development etc. have played an important role in the.19 century in 30s, the rise of "railway hot" extended to Canada. Relative to the waterway transportation, railway transportation is convenient, fast, especially suitable for the development of the.19 century 50 - 70s Canada into the early period of railway development in Canada this kind of vast land area in the country. During 50s and 60s two climax. For decades, the development of Canadian railway came from scratch, from there to the gradual development and growth process, and to The development of the post has laid the foundation.
As a new technology, the application of railway is a symbol of human progress. As late into the development of the capitalist countries, Canada Railway applications are mostly of other countries in the footsteps of railway technology, materials from Britain, the United States imports, but also has its own characteristics in the development of Canadian railway, and these characteristics in the early development process the railway is more obvious. The railway is a supplement of the industrial revolution in other countries, more significance in promoting economic development, but at the time of Canada that was dominated by agriculture, rely on water transportation for traditional country, railway is the protagonist. The industrial revolution driven railway manufacturing began to flourish. At the same time, the early railway for the Canadian political significance is more important than other countries. The long colonial status in different regions of the Canada has a very deep The local protectionism consciousness, alienation, apathy has become the main theme of the area, but after the railway industry developed, these phenomena gradually disappear. People have the development of Canadian railway as through blood behavior. Indeed, it is not possible without a railway joint in every region, and if there is no such association, today this country is Canada. There may not be visible, early railway has very important significance in Canadian history.
This article is divided into four parts.
The first part mainly introduces the development of Canadian railway before the domestic and international environment. The thorough discussion is what prompted Canada join the tide of railway construction, and briefly introduces several short built in 50s before the climax of the railway railway, which opened the prelude to Canada after the massive construction of railway.
The second part mainly introduces Canada early railway construction period. The first road rhyme climax climax when the British, the large-scale construction period. The railway railway became the most profitable business in the world. Driven by economic interests, investors in Daxing railway. Although considered Canada out of economic interests in this period are more concentrated in railway around the St. Lawrence River, the water is added. Even if there is no good to realize economic purpose, but the railway as a new technology for Transport Canada traditional transport channels have been expanded, the prosperity of the Canadian economy, and to lay a technical foundation for the railway next climax.
The third part focuses on second of the early period of Canadian railroading climax. With the first climax is different, from 60 to 70s, railway construction is driven by political reasons. In 60s, the United States Canada face threat continues to increase, easy preferential trade had disappeared and the colonies had to seek their own development the road. "United" has become the first choice of the people, the railway played a huge role in promoting the political union, to promote joint conditions for railway construction has become a feature of Canada second railway construction climax. To the railway as a "skeleton" established the dominion of Canada through the railway unceasingly. To become a Canada from sea to sea countries laid a solid foundation.
The fourth part focuses on the basis of the three parts discusses the characteristics and significance of early Canadian railway development. There are many different characteristics in the development of the European and American Railway Development Canada early railway. The use of technology in the process of railway construction in the material, and the tremendous role of the government, railway development plays are its characteristics. At the same time, the development of early railway for Canada and has an extremely important significance. It promotes economic development, social progress and political unity of Canada, the role compared to other countries is more important and comprehensive.
In short, for the study of Canada early railway both in Canadian railway history or in the history of the development of Canadian society has a very important significance. The role of railway in the early development of Canadian history in other countries can not match. It is the Canadian national formation of bones, the blood of economic development, the relationship with Canada every aspect of the society.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：K711.4

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 曲向陽;;“下剪難”的思索[J];四川監(jiān)察;1996年11期

2 張志達 ,閆光鋒;楓葉之國散記[J];中國林業(yè);2001年06期

3 劉曉丹;加拿大戲劇概觀[J];戲劇藝術(shù);2002年02期

4 李寶義;"七人社"的風(fēng)采——加拿大畫廊漫記[J];美術(shù)大觀;2005年02期

5 盧淳;;過馬路[J];文化博覽;2007年10期

6 范心s，

本文編號：1452315