中等大國的分化與概念重塑
發(fā)布時間：2019-04-17 20:47
【摘要】：隨著國際政治的多元化發(fā)展及相互依存的不斷加深，以大國為主導(dǎo)的集團政治和極化政治的影響力正在減弱，一批具有一定實力的國家在國際舞臺上逐漸以區(qū)別于大國的方式在擴展自己的影響，，樹立自己的政治形象，中等大國這一定義就是對這些國家的一種比較恰當?shù)母爬ā?中等大國的概念古已有之，最早可以追溯到15世紀的歐洲國家體系，只不過其在二戰(zhàn)之后迅速發(fā)展，形成了一定的理論概念和框架，國際體系中出現(xiàn)了一批被國際社會視為中等大國的國家，創(chuàng)造了中等大國研究的第一波高潮。從冷戰(zhàn)后期開始，許多國家借助新的國際形勢，在參與全球治理和完善既有體系結(jié)構(gòu)的過程中凸顯了自身的地位和特色。中等大國的范圍在廣大學(xué)者的理論建構(gòu)中不斷擴大，形成了中等大國研究的第二波高潮，但是擴大的范圍卻與原有的理論產(chǎn)生了某種程度的緊張和沖突。 有鑒于中等大國在全球治理、國際權(quán)力轉(zhuǎn)移和國際體系重塑方面所產(chǎn)生的重大作用，同時也為了對目前的中等大國理論解釋力不足的問題加以解決，因此有必要對中等大國以概念為核心的理論框架進行某種重塑。 中等大國的概念經(jīng)過了從政策性中等大國層面向?qū)W理性中等大國層面轉(zhuǎn)變的過程，但是在很長時間內(nèi)都沒能擺脫結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)實主義框架的束縛。在以往的研究中，學(xué)者們從結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)實主義的邏輯出發(fā)，認為中等大國的對外行為和對外政策的根本目的在于維護體系的穩(wěn)定，但是卻沒有對體系穩(wěn)定這一基本目的進行明確的界定。而在急劇變化的國際環(huán)境和國家間關(guān)系中，對此目的的重新評估具有基礎(chǔ)性和決定性的意義與價值。隨著國際背景的不斷變化、中等大國數(shù)量的增多和多樣性的增強，原有中等大國的概念分析框架已經(jīng)無法滿足對于現(xiàn)有問題的解釋，也難以預(yù)測中等大國未來可能的發(fā)展方向。 問題的核心在于原有的中等大國概念忽視了體系作為一種進程性系統(tǒng)的根本特征，也忽視了體系內(nèi)的要素流動對于體系結(jié)構(gòu)的顯著影響和作用。在全球治理背景下的國際關(guān)系不僅要關(guān)注國家的基礎(chǔ)性實體以及軍事安全等問題，更應(yīng)該關(guān)注資本、知識、價值和理念這些依托于進程性結(jié)構(gòu)并創(chuàng)造進程性結(jié)構(gòu)的要素。這有助于我們理解國際體系結(jié)構(gòu)變化的內(nèi)在邏輯和發(fā)展方向，并從根本上解決目前所面臨的問題。中等大國的發(fā)展歷程及其固有的國家特性本質(zhì)上同這些要素息息相關(guān)，所以文章嘗試從發(fā)展和資源流動的視角重新觀察中等大國，以期部分彌補現(xiàn)有概念和研究框架的不足。 因此，本文圍繞著中等大國概念進行的分析將拓展為幾個彼此具有邏輯聯(lián)系的部分，對中等大國序列的重新確定，對體系穩(wěn)定特征的重新分析，對中等大國所處時代環(huán)境的縱向比較以及對不同中等大國個體的異同性分析都將是本文所討論的重點。最終，這些部分又將被綜合從而形成對中等大國相關(guān)問題以發(fā)展為導(dǎo)向的重新認識。
[Abstract]:With the development of the pluralistic development of the international politics and the deepening of the interdependence, the influence of the political and polarized politics of the group dominated by the great power is weakening, and a group of countries with a certain power has gradually expanded its influence on the international stage in a way that is different from the great power, To set up its own political image, the definition of the middle-power is a more appropriate generalization of these countries. The concept of the middle-power is ancient, and it can be traced back to the system of European countries in the 15th century, but it has developed rapidly after the Second World War, forming a certain theoretical concept and framework, and a group of countries that have been regarded as the middle-power in the international system Home, created the first wave of the middle-power study. The tide. Since the end of the cold war, many countries, with the help of the new international situation, have highlighted their status and the special role in the process of participating in the global governance and the improvement of the existing architecture The scope of the middle power is expanding continuously in the theoretical construction of a wide range of scholars, forming the second wave of the middle-power study, but the scope of the expansion is in a certain degree of tension and shock with the original theory. In the light of the major role of the middle Powers in global governance, the transfer of international power and the remodelling of the international system, there is also a need to explain the inadequacy of the current theory of middle-power. in ord to solve that problem, it is necessary to carry out a certain theoretical framework with the concept of the middle-power as the core The concept of the middle power has gone through the process of changing from the policy middle-power level to the middle-power level of the science reason, but it has not been able to get rid of the structural realism in a long time In the past research, scholars, from the logic of structural realism, believe that the fundamental purpose of the external behavior and foreign policy of the middle-power is to maintain the stability of the system, but it has not carried on the basic purpose of system stability. Clearly defined, and in a rapidly changing international environment and inter-State relations, the re-assessment of this purpose is fundamental and decisive With the changing of the international background, the increase of the number of middle powers and the enhancement of the diversity, the conceptual analysis framework of the original medium power has not been able to meet the interpretation of the existing problems, and it is difficult to predict the future of the middle-power The core of the problem is that the original medium-power concept ignores the system as the basic characteristic of a process system, and also ignores the element flow in the system for the architecture The international relations in the context of global governance not only focus on the basic entity of the country and the military security, but also pay more attention to the capital, the knowledge, the value and the idea which are based on the process structure and create The elements of the course structure. This helps us to understand the internal logic and the direction of development of the changes in the international architecture, and to fundamentally solve the problem The development of the middle-power and its inherent national character are closely related to these factors, so the article tries to re-view the middle-power from the perspective of development and resource flow, with a view to partially making up the existing concept. Therefore, the analysis of the concept of middle-power countries will be expanded into a few parts with logical connections to each other, the re-determination of the middle-power sequence and the system The re-analysis of the stability features, the longitudinal comparison of the environment in the middle of the middle-power and the analysis of the similarities and differences of the individual in different middle-power countries This is the focus of the discussion. In the end, these parts will be integrated to form the issues related to the middle powers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中共江蘇省委黨校
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D81
本文編號：2459779
[Abstract]:With the development of the pluralistic development of the international politics and the deepening of the interdependence, the influence of the political and polarized politics of the group dominated by the great power is weakening, and a group of countries with a certain power has gradually expanded its influence on the international stage in a way that is different from the great power, To set up its own political image, the definition of the middle-power is a more appropriate generalization of these countries. The concept of the middle-power is ancient, and it can be traced back to the system of European countries in the 15th century, but it has developed rapidly after the Second World War, forming a certain theoretical concept and framework, and a group of countries that have been regarded as the middle-power in the international system Home, created the first wave of the middle-power study. The tide. Since the end of the cold war, many countries, with the help of the new international situation, have highlighted their status and the special role in the process of participating in the global governance and the improvement of the existing architecture The scope of the middle power is expanding continuously in the theoretical construction of a wide range of scholars, forming the second wave of the middle-power study, but the scope of the expansion is in a certain degree of tension and shock with the original theory. In the light of the major role of the middle Powers in global governance, the transfer of international power and the remodelling of the international system, there is also a need to explain the inadequacy of the current theory of middle-power. in ord to solve that problem, it is necessary to carry out a certain theoretical framework with the concept of the middle-power as the core The concept of the middle power has gone through the process of changing from the policy middle-power level to the middle-power level of the science reason, but it has not been able to get rid of the structural realism in a long time In the past research, scholars, from the logic of structural realism, believe that the fundamental purpose of the external behavior and foreign policy of the middle-power is to maintain the stability of the system, but it has not carried on the basic purpose of system stability. Clearly defined, and in a rapidly changing international environment and inter-State relations, the re-assessment of this purpose is fundamental and decisive With the changing of the international background, the increase of the number of middle powers and the enhancement of the diversity, the conceptual analysis framework of the original medium power has not been able to meet the interpretation of the existing problems, and it is difficult to predict the future of the middle-power The core of the problem is that the original medium-power concept ignores the system as the basic characteristic of a process system, and also ignores the element flow in the system for the architecture The international relations in the context of global governance not only focus on the basic entity of the country and the military security, but also pay more attention to the capital, the knowledge, the value and the idea which are based on the process structure and create The elements of the course structure. This helps us to understand the internal logic and the direction of development of the changes in the international architecture, and to fundamentally solve the problem The development of the middle-power and its inherent national character are closely related to these factors, so the article tries to re-view the middle-power from the perspective of development and resource flow, with a view to partially making up the existing concept. Therefore, the analysis of the concept of middle-power countries will be expanded into a few parts with logical connections to each other, the re-determination of the middle-power sequence and the system The re-analysis of the stability features, the longitudinal comparison of the environment in the middle of the middle-power and the analysis of the similarities and differences of the individual in different middle-power countries This is the focus of the discussion. In the end, these parts will be integrated to form the issues related to the middle powers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中共江蘇省委黨校
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D81
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