發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-15 02:49

  本文選題：俄羅斯西部 + 國(guó)家安全　； 參考：《蘭州大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：蘇聯(lián)解體,國(guó)際社會(huì)進(jìn)入了新的時(shí)代,也誕生了一個(gè)全新的俄羅斯。原蘇聯(lián)加盟共和國(guó)和東歐地區(qū)國(guó)家的紛紛西靠,使俄羅斯喪失了在蘇聯(lián)時(shí)代與西方的廣闊戰(zhàn)略緩沖區(qū),導(dǎo)致俄羅斯西部國(guó)家安全的邊界幾乎與俄羅斯領(lǐng)土邊界重合,俄羅斯國(guó)家安全面臨新的環(huán)境和挑戰(zhàn)。 由于對(duì)新生俄羅斯本質(zhì)上的不信任,以美國(guó)為首的北約不斷加速東擴(kuò),把原蘇聯(lián)、東歐、東南歐地區(qū)國(guó)家逐步納入大西洋集體安全體系,從政治和軍事上不斷擠壓俄羅斯戰(zhàn)略空間；同時(shí),歐盟作為西歐國(guó)家政治經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的集團(tuán),從自身政治經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略空間出發(fā)不斷東擴(kuò),從政治經(jīng)濟(jì)上把原蘇聯(lián)歐洲加盟共和國(guó)逐步納入自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)體系和發(fā)展空間。北約東擴(kuò)和歐盟東擴(kuò)相輔相成,不斷向俄羅斯邊境挺進(jìn),擠占俄羅斯的戰(zhàn)略空間。這使得剛剛從與西方虛假的蜜月期清醒過(guò)來(lái)的俄羅斯感受到前所未有的戰(zhàn)略安全威脅。西部,也成為俄羅斯國(guó)家安全的重心和主要戰(zhàn)略方向。 黑海,位于俄羅斯西南部,地處歐亞非三大洲結(jié)合部,北靠烏克蘭、俄羅斯,南接土耳其,西瀕巴爾干半島、通地中海,東遏外高加索、里海,是俄羅斯帝國(guó)通過(guò)數(shù)百年的經(jīng)營(yíng)奪得的南部出�？�,也是俄羅斯同西方抗衡的海上安全屏障,地緣戰(zhàn)略地位極其突出,對(duì)于俄羅斯尤為重要。蘇聯(lián)解體后,黑海地區(qū)出現(xiàn)了許多新的主權(quán)國(guó)家,黑海海域和海權(quán)為沿岸國(guó)家所分割。西方的北約和歐盟東擴(kuò)以及黑海地區(qū)前蘇聯(lián)加盟共和國(guó)的西靠,使黑海成為俄羅斯維護(hù)西部國(guó)家安全的關(guān)鍵。而黑海海權(quán)的掌控也就成為俄羅斯維護(hù)西部國(guó)家安全的重要保障。 俄羅斯黑海艦隊(duì)是俄羅斯掌控黑海海權(quán),進(jìn)而維護(hù)西部國(guó)家安全的核心力量。但是,俄烏黑海艦隊(duì)問(wèn)題一直困擾和威脅著俄羅斯。因而,俄羅斯最終采取什么方式和手段對(duì)待烏克蘭以求根本上解決俄烏黑海問(wèn)題,成為俄羅斯掌控黑海海權(quán)、維護(hù)西部國(guó)家安全的核心與焦點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:The collapse of the Soviet Union, the international community entered a new era, but also the birth of a new Russia. The former Soviet Union republics and the countries in Eastern Europe have one after another to rely on the west, which made Russia lose its vast strategic buffer zone with the West during the Soviet era, resulting in the border of security in the western part of Russia almost coinciding with the border of Russia's territory. Russia's national security faces new circumstances and challenges. As a result of their distrust of the nature of the newborn Russia, the US-led NATO continued to accelerate its eastward expansion, gradually bringing the countries of the former Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and South-Eastern Europe into the Atlantic collective security system. At the same time, as a political and economic integration group of Western European countries, the European Union is expanding eastward from its own strategic space for political and economic development. From the political and economic point of view, the former Soviet Union European Republics were gradually incorporated into their own economic system and development space. NATO's eastward expansion and the EU's eastward expansion complement each other, pushing into the Russian border and crowding out Russia's strategic space. This gives Russia, which has just woken up from a false honeymoon with the West, an unprecedented strategic security threat. Western, also become the center of gravity of Russian national security and the main strategic direction. The Black Sea, located in southwest Russia, is located at the junction of three continents, Eurasia and Africa. To the north, Ukraine, Russia, Turkey to the south, the Balkans to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the east, Transcaucasia to the east, the Caspian Sea, It is the southern mouth of the sea captured by the Russian Empire through several hundred years of operation, and it is also a maritime security barrier for Russia to compete with the West. The geo-strategic position is extremely prominent, which is particularly important to Russia. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, many new sovereign states appeared in the Black Sea region. The eastward expansion of the Western NATO and the European Union and the western side of the former Soviet republics in the Black Sea region make the Black Sea the key for Russia to maintain the security of the western countries. And the control of sea power in the Black Sea has become an important guarantee for Russia to safeguard the security of the western part of the country. The Russian Black Sea Fleet is the core of Russia's control of the Black Sea Sea and thus the maintenance of security in the western part of the country. However, the Russian-Ukrainian Black Sea Fleet problem has been puzzling and threatening Russia. As a result, what ways and means Russia finally adopted to deal with Ukraine in order to fundamentally solve the Black Sea problem between Russia and Ukraine has become the core and focus of Russia's control of the Black Sea sea power and the maintenance of western national security.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D815.3

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