發(fā)布時間：2018-03-15 17:34

  本文選題：伊敘關系　切入點：敘利亞內(nèi)戰(zhàn)　出處：《云南大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：伊朗與敘利亞是中東地區(qū)兩個重要的國家,兩國從1982年成為盟國開始,直至現(xiàn)今還保持堅定的聯(lián)盟關系,尤其是在敘利亞內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中,伊朗給予敘利亞持續(xù)不斷的幫助和支持,因此兩國的聯(lián)盟保持30多年而不破,其中各種因素對兩國關系的促進正是本文所要揭示的。從1979年伊朗伊斯蘭共和國建立至今,伊朗與敘利亞的關系走過了從有限接觸到合作,再到正式聯(lián)盟的幾大階段,但兩國關系并不都是上升的,還有回落和冷淡時期。除此之外,本研究對兩國與黎巴嫩、伊拉克的關系也進行了充分的梳理,以便了解什葉派勢力的形成過程：從伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭之后,伊拉克局勢得到其國內(nèi)多數(shù)的什葉派人口掌控,因此中東地區(qū)形成了伊朗——伊拉克——敘利亞——黎巴嫩(真主黨)為主體的“什葉派新月地帶”。因此,伊朗與敘利亞的聯(lián)盟關系不僅僅只是兩國之間的利益交換,而是形成了一個對抗區(qū)域大國和遜尼派勢力的地緣政治實體。隨著什葉派勢力越來越強大,遜尼派與什葉派積累已久的矛盾重重升級,從地區(qū)角度而言,敘利亞內(nèi)戰(zhàn)則成為什葉派與遜尼派的代理人戰(zhàn)爭,即以伊朗為首的什葉派力量支持敘利亞政府軍,而沙特和海灣君主國等遜尼派國家則支持敘利亞遜尼派組成的反對派；從區(qū)域外的國際社會而言,這場戰(zhàn)爭甚至還成為美國及其北約盟友土耳其支持的遜尼派與俄羅斯支持的什葉派的隱形代理人戰(zhàn)爭。因此,敘利亞局勢發(fā)展,尤其是什葉派新月帶的核心之軸伊朗——敘利亞關系的演變,對于未來整個中東的力量重組有著決定性意義,對于域外大國在中東的影響力也將是一種考驗。
[Abstract]:Iran and Syria are two important countries in the Middle East region. Since they became allies in 1982, the two countries have maintained firm alliance relations, especially in the Syrian civil war, where Iran has continued to help and support Syria. Therefore, the alliance between the two countries has remained unbroken for more than 30 years, and the promotion of the relations between the two countries by various factors is exactly what this article reveals. Since the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran in 1979, the relations between Iran and Syria have gone from limited contacts to cooperation. To the major stages of the formal alliance, however, the relations between the two countries are not both rising, and there is also a period of decline and coldness. In addition, this study also fully combs the relations between the two countries, Lebanon and Iraq. In order to understand the process of formation of Shiite forces: since the war in Iraq, the situation in Iraq has been dominated by a majority of the Shia population in the country. As a result, the Middle East region has formed a "Shia crescent zone" dominated by Iran, Iraq, Syria and Lebanon (Hezbollah). Therefore, the alliance between Iran and Syria is not just an exchange of interests between the two countries. It is a geopolitical entity that confronts regional powers and Sunni forces. As Shiite forces grow stronger, the long-accumulated conflict between Sunnis and Shiites escalates, from a regional point of view, The Syrian civil war has become a proxy war between Shia and Sunnis, in which Shiite forces led by Iran support Syrian government forces, while Sunni countries such as Saudi Arabia and the Gulf monarchy support the opposition formed by Syrian Sunnis. In terms of the international community outside the region, the war has even become an invisible proxy war between Sunnis supported by the United States and its NATO ally, Turkey, and Russian-backed Shia. As a result, the situation in Syria has evolved. In particular, the evolution of Iran-Syria relations, the core axis of the Shia crescent belt, will be decisive for the restructuring of power throughout the Middle East in the future, and will also be a test for the influence of foreign powers in the Middle East.
【學位授予單位】：云南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D837.3;D837.6
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本文編號：1616246