【摘要】：文章提出一個基于自我比較和人際比較視角下的個體幸福感分析框架。首先簡述了"比較"及其"比較觀"下的幸福感的含義。其次,分別闡述了個體自身在單一事物(財富)之間"比較"、不同屬性(情感適應(yīng)性和內(nèi)在可評估性)事物之間比較下的幸福感。在此基礎(chǔ)上,重點探討了個體與他人就單一財富、組合財富(物質(zhì)財富和非物質(zhì)財富)不同信息狀態(tài)情形下的幸福感問題。文章認(rèn)為,通過"人際比較"可以影響到個體自身的幸福水平。幸福度最低的社會狀態(tài)是"貧窮了解富有者物質(zhì)財富及其更多有利一面"的社會,而"富有了解貧窮者物質(zhì)財富和更多不利一面"的社會整體幸福感狀態(tài)最高。如果其他條件不變,當(dāng)個體不知道自身周圍存在有利事物、他人卻知道己方的這些有利事物時,會降低社會的總體幸福感;當(dāng)自己不知道自己不利事物、他人卻知道己方的不利事物時,則會帶來社會的總體幸福感提升。文章還分別提出了個體自身比較和人際比較下對應(yīng)的幸福提升策略和政策建議。
[Abstract]:This paper presents an analysis framework of individual well-being from the perspective of self-comparison and interpersonal comparison. First of all, this paper briefly describes the meaning of happiness in comparison and its comparative view. Secondly, it expounds the happiness of the individual under the comparison between the single thing (wealth) and the different attributes (emotional adaptability and intrinsic evaluability). On this basis, this paper focuses on the happiness of individuals and others under different information states of single wealth, combined wealth (material wealth and non-material wealth). The article holds that interpersonal comparison can affect the happiness level of individuals themselves. The social state with the lowest happiness is the society in which "poverty understands the material wealth of the rich and its more beneficial side", while the society that is "rich in understanding the material wealth of the poor and more disadvantageous" has the highest overall well-being. If other conditions remain the same, when an individual does not know that there are favorable things around him, but others know these favorable things around him, it will reduce the overall well-being of society; when he does not know his own disadvantages, others will know his own disadvantages, it will lead to the improvement of the overall happiness of society. The paper also puts forward the corresponding happiness promotion strategies and policy suggestions under individual self-comparison and interpersonal comparison.
【作者單位】： 上海交通大學(xué)安泰經(jīng)濟(jì)與管理學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(71672114,“中國文化背景下的包容性領(lǐng)導(dǎo):構(gòu)思、影響因素和雙重作用機(jī)制研究”,項目負(fù)責(zé)人唐寧玉)的資助
【分類號】：C912.1;C912.6

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