【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展,生態(tài)環(huán)境逐漸惡化,各種各樣疾病發(fā)病率和死亡率逐年增高,乳腺癌是當(dāng)今世界上發(fā)病率最高的女性疾病之一。目前,我國(guó)絕大部分醫(yī)院對(duì)乳腺癌病人采取的仍是乳腺癌改良根治術(shù),身體的疾病可以治療治療,但心靈的創(chuàng)傷卻是難以痊愈。多數(shù)乳腺癌術(shù)后患者因身體患病而導(dǎo)致自我評(píng)價(jià)低、情緒低落、對(duì)新鮮事物和他人失去興趣、對(duì)自己缺乏信心,身體出現(xiàn)其他病癥表現(xiàn)等,這些問(wèn)題最終導(dǎo)致了乳腺癌術(shù)后患者的心理抑郁問(wèn)題。她們的身體疾病和心理抑郁問(wèn)題使她們成為社會(huì)中的弱勢(shì)群體,所以對(duì)乳腺癌病人的生存現(xiàn)狀和心理抑郁問(wèn)題的關(guān)注和必要的介入是有意義且必須的。基于增能理論的視角,以湖南省婦幼保健院乳腺外科的病人為服務(wù)對(duì)象,通過(guò)對(duì)文獻(xiàn)查閱、訪談和參與式觀察等方法搜集資料,分析乳腺癌患者術(shù)后的生存現(xiàn)狀及其面臨的主要問(wèn)題,并在發(fā)展、增能理論的支持下,從個(gè)人發(fā)展等方面運(yùn)用個(gè)案的工作方法開(kāi)展援助。之后對(duì)介入效果進(jìn)行評(píng)估,目前的介入服務(wù)中還存在著項(xiàng)目實(shí)施的時(shí)空限制性影響服務(wù)的連續(xù)性、專業(yè)服務(wù)水平有限、社會(huì)給予關(guān)注不夠、服務(wù)目標(biāo)不夠全面等問(wèn)題。最后,從社工專業(yè)和政府政策兩個(gè)層面上提出了改善乳腺癌術(shù)后患者心理問(wèn)題的建議與對(duì)策,提升助人自助的專業(yè)價(jià)值理念,充分發(fā)揮社會(huì)工作三大方法的優(yōu)勢(shì),促進(jìn)乳腺癌患者個(gè)體主動(dòng)改變、提高正確認(rèn)識(shí),根據(jù)自身能力和外部推動(dòng)力,靈活運(yùn)用社會(huì)資源,共同改善乳腺癌術(shù)后患者的心理抑郁問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and society, the ecological environment is getting worse, and the morbidity and mortality of various diseases are increasing year by year. Breast cancer is one of the highest incidence of female diseases in the world. At present, most hospitals in our country still take modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer patients. The physical diseases can be treated, but the trauma of the mind is difficult to heal. Most post-breast cancer patients have low self-evaluation, depression, loss of interest in new things and others, lack of confidence in themselves, and other symptoms as a result of physical illness. These problems eventually lead to psychological depression in patients with breast cancer after surgery. Their physical diseases and psychological depression make them a vulnerable group in society, so it is meaningful and necessary to pay attention to the survival status of breast cancer patients and psychological depression and the necessary intervention. Based on the perspective of energy enhancement theory, the patients in breast surgery department of Hunan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital were selected as service objects, and the data were collected by means of literature review, interviews and participatory observation, etc. This paper analyzes the survival status of breast cancer patients after operation and the main problems they face. With the support of the theory of development and energy enhancement, the author applies the working methods of individual development to carry out assistance from the aspects of individual development and so on. After the evaluation of the intervention effect, there are still some problems in the intervention service, such as the space-time restriction of the implementation of the project, the limited level of professional service, the insufficient attention of the society, and the incomplete goal of the service, and so on. Finally, from the aspects of social work specialty and government policy, this paper puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures to improve the psychological problems of breast cancer patients after operation, to promote the professional value concept of helping people to help themselves, and to give full play to the advantages of the three methods of social work. To promote the individual change of breast cancer patients, improve the correct understanding, according to their own ability and external driving force, flexible use of social resources, together to improve the psychological depression of breast cancer patients after surgery.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：C916

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