【摘要】：城市問題從產(chǎn)生到現(xiàn)在一直困擾著人們,理論界也一直在探索解決城市問題的方法,對于城市問題的研究多從政治經(jīng)濟(jì)、人類學(xué)、歷史哲學(xué)、文化哲學(xué)等方面,而很少從技術(shù)與文化的角度研究。這樣使得對城市發(fā)展的導(dǎo)向缺乏根本性的認(rèn)識,本文本著一種技術(shù)與文化的視角,從特殊到一般,從城市的時間軸、城市的功能、城市的活性等方向來進(jìn)行研究,試圖揭示城市發(fā)展的導(dǎo)向軌跡和規(guī)律。 城市的產(chǎn)生依托新石器時期的貯存技術(shù)、建筑技術(shù)、馴化動植物和水利技術(shù)等,這些技術(shù)的產(chǎn)生為城市的發(fā)展奠定了物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。但是技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)對城市發(fā)展仍是不足的,需要文化的代償來彌補(bǔ),而正是這種代償產(chǎn)生了城市。在城市產(chǎn)生上有一種“先古的形式”在引導(dǎo),這種“先古的形式”在文化統(tǒng)治技術(shù)時期形成了城市發(fā)展的典范,城市的本質(zhì)便是繼承這種代償作用下彌補(bǔ)技術(shù)不足的組織形式。 作為技術(shù)使用文化時期(或文化統(tǒng)治技術(shù)時期)到技術(shù)統(tǒng)治文化時期的過渡階段,巴洛克時期的城市有著自己獨有的特性,在城市觀上沖破了文化的統(tǒng)治,表現(xiàn)為一種多樣性與統(tǒng)一的矛盾美；在權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)上,城市的中央集權(quán)達(dá)到了頂峰并預(yù)示著一種權(quán)力的分散；在城市功能與形式上,先古的形式混亂了,功能逐漸被擱置于最后考慮。在這樣 -種矛盾的城市觀下,隨著文化內(nèi)部的矛盾的激化、技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,巴洛克主義城市觀逐漸被新的文化、技術(shù)下的經(jīng)濟(jì)體制解構(gòu)了。 在文化的慣性作用下,現(xiàn)代城市觀表現(xiàn)為巴洛克主義城市觀專制君主概念的民主化,機(jī)械的規(guī)劃方式的經(jīng)濟(jì)化和建筑技術(shù)的壟斷化,先古的典范在技術(shù)進(jìn)步和文化代償作用的減弱下逐漸被解構(gòu)。并且隨著人們對技術(shù)的依賴,技術(shù)的方法完全變成城市發(fā)展的主要手段,郊區(qū)形成了特大城市,表現(xiàn)為一種“看不見的城市”。同時隨著文化作用的淡化,城市異質(zhì)性和城市生態(tài)問題日漸嚴(yán)重。 基于技術(shù)與文化的歷史分析,在城市與技術(shù)、文化的一般規(guī)律上表現(xiàn)在四個方面。首先在技術(shù)、文化對城市發(fā)展的主導(dǎo)作用,表現(xiàn)為一種世界觀的指引和技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)作用；其次在城市對技術(shù)、文化的作用方面,表現(xiàn)為“磁體容器”功能,城市形成了一種矛盾的綜合體；再次,在技術(shù)與文化對城市的影響路徑方面表現(xiàn)為：技術(shù)主導(dǎo)——文化主導(dǎo)——技術(shù)主導(dǎo),它預(yù)示著“技術(shù)”的觀念在城市社會中的滲透過程；最后城市發(fā)展的動力是技術(shù)與文化的不平衡性,這種不平衡性產(chǎn)生了最基本的技術(shù)與文化的矛盾,更為具體的表現(xiàn)在城市觀與人們需求層次的矛盾。
[Abstract]:Urban problems have been puzzling people from the beginning to now. The theoretical circle has also been exploring ways to solve urban problems. The study of urban problems is mostly from the aspects of politics and economy, anthropology, historical philosophy, cultural philosophy, etc. But rarely from the point of view of technology and culture. In this way, there is a lack of fundamental understanding of the direction of urban development. This paper, from a technical and cultural perspective, from the perspective of special to general, from the time axis of the city, the function of the city, the activity of the city, and so on. This paper tries to reveal the guiding track and law of urban development. The production of cities depends on the storage technology, building technology, domestication of animals and plants and water conservancy technology, which laid a material foundation for the development of the city. But the technological foundation is still insufficient to the city development, needs the cultural compensation to make up, and this kind of compensation has produced the city. There is a kind of "pre-ancient form" leading to the emergence of the city, and this "pre-ancient form" formed a model of urban development in the period of cultural domination. The essence of the city is to inherit this organizational form of compensation to compensate for the lack of technology. As the transitional stage from the period of technology using culture (or the period of culture ruling technology) to the period of technology ruling culture, the city of Baroque had its own unique characteristics and broke through the rule of culture in the view of city. It is manifested in the contradictory beauty of diversity and unity; In the structure of power, the centralization of city power has reached its peak and indicates a decentralization of power; in the function and form of the city, the old form is confused, and the function is gradually shelved in the final consideration. With the intensification of the contradiction within culture and the progress of technology, Baroque view of the city is gradually deconstructed by the new culture and the economic system under technology. Under the influence of culture inertia, the modern city view is manifested by the democratization of the concept of the despotic monarch, the economic of mechanical planning and the monopoly of construction technology. The pre-ancient paradigm was gradually deconstructed under the weakening of technological progress and cultural compensation. Along with people's dependence on technology, the method of technology has become the main means of urban development, and the suburb has formed a megalopolis, which is shown as an "invisible city". At the same time, with the desalination of cultural role, urban heterogeneity and urban ecological problems are becoming more and more serious. Based on the historical analysis of technology and culture, the general law of city and technology, culture is manifested in four aspects. Firstly, the dominant role of technology and culture to the development of cities is the guidance of a kind of world outlook and the basic function of technology. Secondly, in the function of city to technology and culture, the function of "magnet container" is represented, and the city forms a kind of contradictory synthesis. Thirdly, the influence path of technology and culture on the city is shown as follows: technology leading-culture leading-technology leading, which indicates the infiltration process of the concept of technology in urban society; Finally, the motive force of urban development is the imbalance between technology and culture, which leads to the most basic contradiction between technology and culture, which is more concretely manifested in the contradiction between the view of city and the level of people's needs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：C912.81

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