發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-10 17:58

【摘要】：殘疾人在社會(huì)生活中總是被歸為社會(huì)弱勢(shì)群體。目前我國殘疾人數(shù)目達(dá)到8500萬左右,精神殘疾人群在整個(gè)殘疾人群中也占據(jù)著相當(dāng)一部分,并且有關(guān)專家預(yù)測(cè)未來會(huì)更多。關(guān)注這個(gè)特殊人群,在保障他們基本生活水平提高生活質(zhì)量,對(duì)于和諧社會(huì)的建設(shè)有較大的促進(jìn)作用。然而在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中,精神殘疾人群由于各種原因被隔絕在社會(huì)之外,不能像常人一樣參與社會(huì)生活。在倡導(dǎo)和諧社會(huì)的改革開放的背景下,同樣作為社會(huì)組成一部分的精神殘疾人群也開始得到社會(huì)各界的關(guān)注。作為社會(huì)生活的重要成員之一,精神殘疾者與其他殘疾者或健全人一樣有進(jìn)行社會(huì)交往,平等參與生活的權(quán)力,因此,以精神殘疾者作為研究對(duì)象,研究該群體融入社會(huì)生活的方式及困難,并以社會(huì)工作專業(yè)方法介入,可以成為精神殘疾研究的方向之一。.本文主要在系統(tǒng)理論的指導(dǎo)下,通過入戶訪談及參與式的觀察等方法,發(fā)現(xiàn)精神殘疾群體在社會(huì)融入方面主要受心理障礙及社交障礙等的影響。經(jīng)歸納以后發(fā)現(xiàn)主要表現(xiàn)在個(gè)體、家庭及社會(huì)三個(gè)方面。精神殘疾者的自卑、懼怕群體生活等主觀的不合理情緒是阻礙其社會(huì)融入的一個(gè)重要作用,有些精神殘疾者總是認(rèn)為自己跟別人不一樣,害怕別人以異樣的眼光看自己。家庭作為最重要的一個(gè)支持系統(tǒng),運(yùn)行是否正常也是可以影響精神殘疾者的一個(gè)重要因素,任何一點(diǎn)改變都會(huì)產(chǎn)生巨大的效果。社會(huì)的接納開放程度,對(duì)精神殘疾者敞開的資源環(huán)境對(duì)于他們的社會(huì)融入和心理融入也有著不可忽視的作用。社會(huì)包容度低及相關(guān)政策的不完善會(huì)降低精神殘疾者的社會(huì)融入的可能性。由于中度和重度的精神殘疾群體在接觸上存在困難,且陽光家園的托養(yǎng)以輕度的精神殘疾者為主,因此本文著重以輕度精神殘疾群體為研究對(duì)象。在文章的后半部分,擬對(duì)精神殘疾者本人開展個(gè)案工作,并對(duì)為精神殘疾者提供支持的家庭提供小組工作服務(wù)。在實(shí)習(xí)中逐步確定精神殘疾者存在的真實(shí)問題和需求,幫助他們循序漸進(jìn)的認(rèn)識(shí)到自身面對(duì)的問題。并通過合理的介入方案策劃,積極的對(duì)其家庭成員溝通,促進(jìn)精神殘疾者的問題解決和社會(huì)融入。最后,對(duì)社會(huì)工作介入輕度精神殘疾者的社會(huì)融入面臨的問題進(jìn)行反思和總結(jié),并總結(jié)出介入的建議。
[Abstract]:The disabled are always classified as social vulnerable groups in social life. At present, the number of disabled people in our country reaches about 85 million, and the mental disabled people also occupy a considerable part of the whole disabled population, and experts predict that there will be more in the future. Paying attention to this special group can promote the construction of a harmonious society by ensuring their basic living standard and improving their quality of life. However, in real life, people with mental disabilities are isolated from the society for various reasons and can not participate in social life like ordinary people. Under the background of promoting the reform and opening up of a harmonious society, the people with mental disabilities, who are also part of the society, are beginning to receive attention from all walks of life. As one of the important members of social life, persons with mental disabilities have the same right to socialize and participate in life on an equal footing as other persons with or without disabilities. To study the ways and difficulties of this group's integration into social life, and to intervene with the professional method of social work, can become one of the research directions of mental disability. Under the guidance of systematic theory, this paper finds that mental disability groups are mainly influenced by psychological and social barriers in social integration through the methods of household interviews and participatory observation. After induction, it is found that it is mainly manifested in three aspects: individual, family and society. The subjective unreasonable emotions such as inferiority complex and fear of group life are an important obstacle to their social integration. Some people with mental disabilities always think that they are different from others and fear others to look at themselves differently. As one of the most important support systems, the functioning of the family is also an important factor that can affect the mentally disabled, and any change will have a great effect. The degree of social acceptance and openness and the open resource environment for the mentally disabled also play an important role in their social and psychological integration. Low social inclusion and inadequate policies reduce the likelihood of social integration for people with mental disabilities. Because the moderate and severe mental disability groups have difficulties in contact, and the care of the Sunshine Home is mainly light mental disability, this paper focuses on the mild mental disability group as the research object. In the second half of the article, the author intends to carry out case work for the mentally disabled and provide group work services to families that provide support to the mentally disabled. In practice, we gradually identify the real problems and needs of people with mental disabilities, and help them gradually realize the problems they face. And through reasonable intervention program planning, actively communicate with their family members, promote the problem solving and social integration of the mentally disabled. Finally, the social work involved in the mild mental disability in the social integration of the problems faced by the reflection and summary, and summed up the intervention recommendations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：C916

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