【摘要】：21世紀(jì),中國正步入一個前所未有的休閑時代。休閑已成為大眾化的生活方式或生活品質(zhì),休閑能夠解除體力疲勞,恢復(fù)生理平衡；可以獲得精神慰藉,成為心靈驛站。從這個意義上說,休閑無疑會提升人們的生活質(zhì)量,進(jìn)而提升人們的幸福感�；橐龅男腋Ｅc穩(wěn)定是人生幸福的重要組成部分,是個人和社會幸福的靈魂和源泉,更是人們生活幸福的基石。 根據(jù)民政部公布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,從2002年以來,我國離婚率一直呈現(xiàn)持續(xù)走高之勢,離婚問題已經(jīng)成為我國一個不容忽視的社會問題。正因如此,有許多學(xué)者和專家開始關(guān)注于離婚問題和婚姻穩(wěn)定等方面的研究,也取得了豐富的成果。但大多數(shù)是從影響因素、影響效果、測量指標(biāo)等方面對婚姻滿意度、婚姻穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行研究。大多屬于離婚問題的事后研究,而不是在事先進(jìn)行預(yù)防與控制。因此,怎樣提高丈夫或妻子的婚姻滿意度,促進(jìn)婚姻的穩(wěn)定,規(guī)避離婚問題,就顯得尤為重要。 既然休閑能夠提升人們的生活質(zhì)量和幸福感,那休閑能不能促進(jìn)婚姻的幸福,進(jìn)而提高婚姻的滿意度和穩(wěn)定性呢?通過對國內(nèi)外的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行梳理,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)國外的一些文獻(xiàn)中涉及到了夫妻休閑與婚姻滿意度、婚姻穩(wěn)定性之間關(guān)系研究,但大多屬于描述性研究,較為科學(xué)和完備的實證研究較少,主要以Thomas B. Holman和Mary Jacquart (1988)、Dunae W. Crawford等(2002)的實證研究為代表,此外,這些為數(shù)不多的實證研究所得到的結(jié)論大不相同,讓人莫衷一是。而國內(nèi)有關(guān)夫妻休閑與婚姻滿意度之間關(guān)系的研究幾乎就是空白,只能從家庭休閑的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)中找到只言片語。再加上婚姻的滿意度和穩(wěn)定性受社會文化因素影響極大,因此對婚姻滿意度和穩(wěn)定性的研究必須充分到考慮社會文化因素的影響。這便產(chǎn)生了本文的寫作動機。 本文旨在吸納國外已有研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,修訂或編制適合我國社會文化的婚姻滿意度量表和婚姻穩(wěn)定性量表,探求夫妻休閑模式與婚姻滿意度、穩(wěn)定性之間的關(guān)系,并分析了不同的家庭角色之間,夫妻休閑模式與婚姻滿意度、穩(wěn)定性之間的關(guān)系是否存在差異。調(diào)查問卷設(shè)計是本文的重點與難點, 第一部分是夫妻休閑模式的問卷設(shè)計,本文首先羅列出休閑活動類型,繼而列舉出每類休閑活動中最具代表性的幾種休閑活動,然后詢問受訪者在過去一年內(nèi)參加這些休閑活動的次數(shù),再詢問受訪者參加這些休閑活動時與配偶的溝通互動情景。該互動情景可以分為三類：無配偶參與(獨享休閑模式)、與配偶一起度過但與配偶的交流互動很少(平行休閑模式)、與配偶一起度過并與配偶進(jìn)行大量的交流與互動(共享休閑模式)。然后,對每一種休閑模式下各類休閑活動的參與次數(shù)進(jìn)行加總,而后求出三種休閑模式參與次數(shù)的相對比例。用這三個相對比例分別代表獨享休閑模式、平行休閑模式和共享休閑模式這三個獨立的變量。 第二部分是婚姻滿意度問卷設(shè)計,本部分量表主要參考利翠珊等人(2008)的研究,由堪薩斯婚姻滿意度量表(Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale, KMSS) (Schumm et al.,1986)改編而成,受訪者被問及對配偶、對婚姻、及自己與配偶的關(guān)系的滿意程度,分別從“1(非常不滿意)、2(不滿意)、3(有一點不滿意)、4(一般)、5(勉強滿意)、6(滿意)、7(非常滿意)圈選出最符合真實感受的答案。分?jǐn)?shù)越高,表示其婚姻滿意度越高。 第三部分是婚姻穩(wěn)定性問卷設(shè)計,本部分量表主要參考了利翠珊等人(2008)的研究,由婚姻不穩(wěn)定性量表(Marital Instability Scale)(Booth, Johnson, Edwards,1983)改編而成,受訪者被問及婚姻是否陷入過困境、是否有離婚的念頭、是否與好友或親人討論過與配偶離婚、不管是自己還是配偶是否向?qū)Ψ教岢鲞^離婚、是否找過律師商談過離婚事宜等情形。以李克特(Likert)四點量表“1(現(xiàn)在有)、2(過去三年有)、3(曾經(jīng)有)、4(從未有)”作答,分?jǐn)?shù)越高,表明其婚姻越穩(wěn)定。 第四部分是基本資料設(shè)計表,此部分主要通過對有關(guān)婚姻滿意度和婚姻穩(wěn)定性的文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行梳理,找出影響婚姻滿意度和婚姻穩(wěn)定性的主要個人統(tǒng)計變量,然后一一列舉。主要包括家庭角色、年齡、學(xué)歷、職業(yè)、個人月收入、婚齡及孩子數(shù)、是否有離異的經(jīng)歷等。 研究共發(fā)放300份問卷,有效問卷278份。然后對本研究問卷回收所得的數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計描述分析、信度和效度分析、因子分析、相關(guān)分析及路徑分析等。分析結(jié)果如下：(1)不同的夫妻休閑模式與婚姻滿意度、婚姻穩(wěn)定性的關(guān)系顯著不同。獨享式夫妻休閑與婚姻滿意度負(fù)相關(guān)不成立；平行式夫妻休閑與婚姻滿意度之間關(guān)系不顯著；共享式的夫妻休閑模式與婚姻滿意度及婚姻穩(wěn)定性正相關(guān);婚姻滿意度與婚姻穩(wěn)定性正相關(guān)。(2)夫妻休閑模式、婚姻滿意度和婚姻穩(wěn)定性之間的關(guān)系,在丈夫和妻子不同的家庭角色之間并不存在顯著差異。最后,針對本文的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),對每一對夫妻、休閑旅游業(yè)及休閑娛樂業(yè)、政府、團體協(xié)會組織等提出了相關(guān)建議。
[Abstract]:In the 21st century, China is stepping into an unprecedented leisure era. Leisure has become a popular way of life or quality of life. Leisure can relieve physical fatigue and restore physiological balance. It can obtain spiritual comfort and become a soul post. In this sense, leisure will undoubtedly improve the quality of life of people, and thus enhance people's fortune. The happiness and stability of marriage is an important part of life happiness, the soul and source of individual and social happiness, and the cornerstone of people's happiness in life.
According to the data released by the Ministry of Civil Affairs, since 2002, the divorce rate in China has been continuously rising, and the divorce problem has become a social problem that can not be ignored in China. Most of them belong to the post-divorce study rather than the prevention and control in advance. Therefore, how to improve the marital satisfaction of the husband or wife, promote the stability of the marriage and avoid the divorce problem is particularly important.
Since leisure can improve people's quality of life and well-being, can leisure promote marital happiness, and then improve Marital Satisfaction and stability? Through combing the relevant literature at home and abroad, the author found that some foreign literature related to the relationship between marital leisure and marital satisfaction, marital stability. However, most of them belong to descriptive research. There are few scientific and complete empirical studies, mainly represented by Thomas B. Holman and Mary Jacquart (1988), Dunae W. Crawford (2002), etc. (2002). In addition, the conclusions of these few empirical studies are quite different, which makes people confused. The research on the relationship between marital satisfaction is almost blank, and only a few words can be found from the related literature of family leisure. Moreover, marital satisfaction and stability are greatly influenced by social and cultural factors, so the research on marital satisfaction and stability must be fully taken into account the influence of social and cultural factors. Motivation for writing.
The purpose of this paper is to revise or compile the Marriage Satisfaction Scale and Marriage Stability Scale which are suitable for Chinese society and culture on the basis of foreign research results, to explore the relationship between marital leisure patterns and marital satisfaction and stability, and to analyze the relationship between different family roles, marital leisure patterns and marital satisfaction and stability. The design of questionnaire is the key and difficult point of this article.
The first part is the questionnaire design of couples'leisure patterns. This paper first lists the types of leisure activities, then lists some of the most representative leisure activities in each type of leisure activities. Then the interviewees are asked how many times they have participated in these leisure activities in the past year, and then the communication between the interviewees and their spouses when they participated in these leisure activities. Interactive scenarios can be divided into three categories: non-spouse participation (exclusive leisure mode), few interaction with spouse (parallel leisure mode), a lot of communication and interaction with spouse (shared leisure mode). Then, for each leisure mode, all kinds of leisure activities are carried out. Participation times were added up, and then the relative proportion of the three leisure patterns was calculated. The three relative ratios represented the independent variables of the exclusive leisure pattern, the parallel leisure pattern and the shared leisure pattern respectively.
The second part is the design of the Marriage Satisfaction Questionnaire. This part mainly refers to the research of Li Trishanne et al. (2008). It was adapted from Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale (KMSS) (Schumm et al., 1986). The respondents were asked about their satisfaction with their spouse, marriage and their relationship with their spouse. "1 (very unsatisfactory), 2 (very unsatisfactory), 3 (a little unsatisfactory), 4 (generally), 5 (barely satisfied), 6 (satisfied), 7 (very satisfied) circle to select the most realistic answer. The higher the score, the higher the marital satisfaction.
The third part is the design of the Marriage Stability Questionnaire. This part mainly refers to the research of Li Trishanne et al. (2008). It was adapted from the Marital Instability Scale (Booth, Johnson, Edwards, 1983). The respondents were asked whether their marriage had been in trouble, whether they had the idea of divorce, whether they were with friends or relatives. Discussed divorce with a spouse, whether he or she had filed for divorce, whether he or she had consulted a lawyer about divorce. The higher the score, the more stable the marriage was.
The fourth part is the basic data design table, this part mainly through combing the literature about marital satisfaction and marital stability, to find out the main personal statistical variables affecting marital satisfaction and marital stability, and then list them one by one. No divorced experience.
A total of 300 questionnaires and 278 valid questionnaires were sent out. The data collected from the questionnaires were analyzed by statistical description, reliability and validity, factor analysis, correlation analysis and path analysis. The results were as follows: (1) The relationship between different leisure patterns and marital satisfaction and marital stability was significantly different. The relationship between leisure and marital satisfaction is not significant; the relationship between leisure and marital satisfaction is not significant; the relationship between leisure and marital stability is positively correlated with marital satisfaction and marital stability is positively correlated with shared marital leisure pattern; and the relationship between marital satisfaction and marital stability is positively correlated with marital satisfaction. (2) The relationship between marital leisure pattern, marital satisfaction and marital stability is not significant. There is no significant difference in the relationship between husband and wife in different family roles. Finally, according to the findings of this study, the paper puts forward relevant suggestions for each couple, leisure tourism and leisure entertainment industry, government, organization of association and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C913.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 孫麗娜;;我國城市家庭休閑生活方式研究[J];才智;2010年01期

2 唐魁玉;傅倩倩;;論網(wǎng)絡(luò)對現(xiàn)代家庭休閑生活的影響[J];理論參考;2002年06期

3 韓東屏;羅會宇;;休閑于人生的意義[J];湖北社會科學(xué);2010年02期

4 樓嘉軍;休閑初探[J];桂林旅游高等�？茖W(xué)校學(xué)報;2000年02期

5 陳世民;劉瑞利;張進(jìn)輔;;夫妻關(guān)系的心理學(xué)研究綜述[J];保健醫(yī)學(xué)研究與實踐;2010年01期

6 董志勇;肖才德;;中國中年人群婚姻滿意度的影響因素:基于計量經(jīng)濟學(xué)模型的分析[J];技術(shù)經(jīng)濟與管理研究;2010年01期

7 姜宏德;關(guān)于家庭休閑方式的理性思考[J];教育理論與實踐;2005年09期

8 宋瑞;;休閑與生活質(zhì)量關(guān)系的量化考察:國外研究進(jìn)展及啟示[J];旅游學(xué)刊;2006年12期

9 劉玉瓊;;父母在家庭余暇活動的參與對分隔家庭的家庭凝聚力的影響[J];青年研究;2010年06期

10 葉文振,徐安琪;婚姻質(zhì)量:西方學(xué)者的研究成果及其學(xué)術(shù)啟示[J];人口研究;2000年04期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 張麗華;擇偶觀與青年婚姻穩(wěn)定性的關(guān)系研究[D];湖南師范大學(xué);2010年

，

本文編號：2188472