中外社區(qū)社會(huì)保障比較研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-24 08:37
【摘要】：依托社區(qū)搞好社會(huì)保障體系建設(shè),既是社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的必然要求,也是從我國(guó)國(guó)情出發(fā),完善社會(huì)保障體系的一項(xiàng)重要內(nèi)容,應(yīng)不失時(shí)機(jī)加快探索,逐步建立和完善社區(qū)社會(huì)保障制度。當(dāng)前我國(guó)的社區(qū)保障建設(shè)比較落后,不能滿足人民群眾對(duì)于保障的需求,在一定程度上制約了社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,如何完善我國(guó)社區(qū)保障制度成為一個(gè)急需解決的問(wèn)題。當(dāng)讓社區(qū)保障問(wèn)題的解決不僅僅能豐富目前我國(guó)社區(qū)保障的研究成果,還能夠結(jié)合國(guó)外的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn),對(duì)我國(guó)社區(qū)保障的發(fā)展提供一定的參考,有利于社會(huì)保障事業(yè)的發(fā)展。本文采用文獻(xiàn)研究和比較研究的方法,對(duì)我國(guó)社區(qū)保障問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了研究。采用一種廣泛意義上的社區(qū)保障保障概念,社區(qū)社會(huì)保障是以社區(qū)為依托,以社區(qū)居民作為社會(huì)保障的對(duì)象,包括了從社會(huì)救濟(jì)、醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)、養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)、失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)到社會(huì)福利的等諸多社會(huì)保障內(nèi)容,具有區(qū)域性、服務(wù)性、福利性、強(qiáng)制性、互助性以及綜合管理的性質(zhì),同時(shí)社區(qū)社會(huì)保障還具有特定的一些功能,例如實(shí)施載體功能、整合的資源功能、支持補(bǔ)償功能等,杜區(qū)社會(huì)保障符合我國(guó)社會(huì)保障的未來(lái)發(fā)展趨勢(shì),是我國(guó)國(guó)情下最適應(yīng)的模式,可以有效的帶動(dòng)家庭保障,更為高效的滿足社會(huì)成員的保障需求,國(guó)家有必要大力推進(jìn)社區(qū)保障的建設(shè)。 我國(guó)的社區(qū)自19世紀(jì)三十年代產(chǎn)生,曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷過(guò)蓬勃發(fā)展的時(shí)期,但是在文革中被破壞了,建設(shè)幾乎停滯,改革開(kāi)放之后逐步的恢復(fù),雖然社區(qū)保障隨著社會(huì)保障制度的建設(shè)而得到了更為深入的發(fā)展,但是建設(shè)的發(fā)展并不能適應(yīng)人們?cè)鲩L(zhǎng)的保障需求,目前面臨著這樣一系列的問(wèn)題,社區(qū)保障的主體定位不清晰,導(dǎo)致政府該管的沒(méi)管,不該管的到管的很多,維持社區(qū)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的資源比較有限,資金、硬件設(shè)施、專業(yè)人才上都投入不足,社區(qū)目前的提供的保障項(xiàng)目比較少,并沒(méi)有起到一個(gè)很好的保障效果,亟待改進(jìn)。相對(duì)而言,國(guó)外的社會(huì)保障發(fā)展的時(shí)間較早,社區(qū)社會(huì)保障發(fā)展的也比較充分,對(duì)我國(guó)社區(qū)保障發(fā)展有一些啟示,例如重視社區(qū)在保障的作用,提倡官辦民助的形式,從多個(gè)角度籌集社區(qū)的發(fā)展資源,而非僅僅限于政府的有限投資,服務(wù)內(nèi)容注意貼近人們的需要,比較人性化,重視社區(qū)保障服務(wù)的專業(yè)化水平,重視發(fā)展非營(yíng)利組織等,這都給我國(guó)發(fā)展社區(qū)保障提供了一個(gè)借鑒。 因此,應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)社區(qū)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,結(jié)合社會(huì)化的發(fā)展趨勢(shì),促進(jìn)社區(qū)發(fā)揮積極作用,開(kāi)辟適應(yīng)社區(qū)需要的新的社會(huì)保障發(fā)展方向,增強(qiáng)社區(qū)的保障能力。具體的舉措如下,建立合理的資源整合機(jī)制,合理的處理社區(qū)保障各個(gè)主體的關(guān)系,完善社區(qū)保障的服務(wù)體系,發(fā)揮非營(yíng)利組織的作用,加快社區(qū)保障的專業(yè)化進(jìn)程,不僅讓社區(qū)社會(huì)保障發(fā)展到全面的保障服務(wù),而且要全方位地發(fā)展到社區(qū)教育、文化、科學(xué)、體育、衛(wèi)生、環(huán)境保護(hù)等各項(xiàng)事業(yè),進(jìn)行社區(qū)建設(shè),從而社區(qū)發(fā)展。只有這樣,社區(qū)社會(huì)保障制度才能滿足城鎮(zhèn)居民持續(xù)的、不斷發(fā)展的、與城市化過(guò)程相隨的保障需求。
[Abstract]:It is not only a necessary requirement for the development of the socialist market economy but also an important content of the social security system to improve the social security system from the conditions of our country. It is necessary to accelerate the exploration and gradually establish and improve the social security system of the community. The demand of the people for the guarantee has restricted the social and economic development to a certain extent. How to improve the community security system in China has become an urgent problem. When the solution of the problem of community security is not only able to enrich the research results of the present community security in our country, it can also combine the advanced experience of foreign countries to the community of our country. The development of social security is beneficial to the development of social security. This paper studies the problem of community security in our country by means of literature research and comparative study. The concept of community security is adopted in a broad sense. Community social security is based on community and community residents as social security. The object, including social security content such as social relief, medical insurance, pension insurance, unemployment insurance and social welfare, has the nature of regional, service, welfare, compulsion, mutual assistance and comprehensive management, and community social security also has some special functions, such as the implementation of the carrier function and the integrated resource work. The social security of Du District is in line with the future development trend of social security in our country. It is the most adaptable mode in China's national conditions. It can effectively drive family security, more efficiently meet the needs of the social members, and the state must vigorously promote the construction of community security.
The community of our country came into being in 30s nineteenth Century, once experienced a period of vigorous development, but it was destroyed in the cultural revolution, the construction was almost stagnant, and after the reform and opening up, the community security was further developed with the construction of the social security system, but the development of the construction could not adapt to the growth of the people. At present, the guarantee demand is facing such a series of problems. The main body position of the community security is not clear, which leads to the management of the government, not the management of the management, the limited resources to maintain the further development of the community, the shortage of funds, hardware facilities and professional talents, and the few security projects provided by the community at present. There is no good guarantee effect and need to be improved. Relatively speaking, the development of social security in foreign countries is relatively early, and the development of community social security is relatively full. It has some enlightenment to the development of community security in China, such as the importance of community in the protection of the community, advocating the form of official and civil assistance, from many angles to raise the development capital of the community. The source is not limited to the limited investment of the government. The service content is close to the needs of the people, it is more humanized, the professional level of the community security service is paid attention to, and the development of non-profit organizations, which all provide a reference for the development of community security in China.
Therefore, according to the present situation of the community development and the social development trend, we should promote the community to play a positive role, open up a new direction for the development of the social security and enhance the security of the community. Good community guarantee service system, play the role of non-profit organizations, speed up the professional process of community security, not only make community social security develop to a comprehensive guarantee service, but also develop all aspects of community education, culture, science, health, environmental protection and other undertakings, and carry out community construction, thus community development. In this way, the community social security system can meet the needs of urban residents' continuous and continuous development, which is the same as the urbanization process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D632.1;C913.7
本文編號(hào)：2140823
[Abstract]:It is not only a necessary requirement for the development of the socialist market economy but also an important content of the social security system to improve the social security system from the conditions of our country. It is necessary to accelerate the exploration and gradually establish and improve the social security system of the community. The demand of the people for the guarantee has restricted the social and economic development to a certain extent. How to improve the community security system in China has become an urgent problem. When the solution of the problem of community security is not only able to enrich the research results of the present community security in our country, it can also combine the advanced experience of foreign countries to the community of our country. The development of social security is beneficial to the development of social security. This paper studies the problem of community security in our country by means of literature research and comparative study. The concept of community security is adopted in a broad sense. Community social security is based on community and community residents as social security. The object, including social security content such as social relief, medical insurance, pension insurance, unemployment insurance and social welfare, has the nature of regional, service, welfare, compulsion, mutual assistance and comprehensive management, and community social security also has some special functions, such as the implementation of the carrier function and the integrated resource work. The social security of Du District is in line with the future development trend of social security in our country. It is the most adaptable mode in China's national conditions. It can effectively drive family security, more efficiently meet the needs of the social members, and the state must vigorously promote the construction of community security.
The community of our country came into being in 30s nineteenth Century, once experienced a period of vigorous development, but it was destroyed in the cultural revolution, the construction was almost stagnant, and after the reform and opening up, the community security was further developed with the construction of the social security system, but the development of the construction could not adapt to the growth of the people. At present, the guarantee demand is facing such a series of problems. The main body position of the community security is not clear, which leads to the management of the government, not the management of the management, the limited resources to maintain the further development of the community, the shortage of funds, hardware facilities and professional talents, and the few security projects provided by the community at present. There is no good guarantee effect and need to be improved. Relatively speaking, the development of social security in foreign countries is relatively early, and the development of community social security is relatively full. It has some enlightenment to the development of community security in China, such as the importance of community in the protection of the community, advocating the form of official and civil assistance, from many angles to raise the development capital of the community. The source is not limited to the limited investment of the government. The service content is close to the needs of the people, it is more humanized, the professional level of the community security service is paid attention to, and the development of non-profit organizations, which all provide a reference for the development of community security in China.
Therefore, according to the present situation of the community development and the social development trend, we should promote the community to play a positive role, open up a new direction for the development of the social security and enhance the security of the community. Good community guarantee service system, play the role of non-profit organizations, speed up the professional process of community security, not only make community social security develop to a comprehensive guarantee service, but also develop all aspects of community education, culture, science, health, environmental protection and other undertakings, and carry out community construction, thus community development. In this way, the community social security system can meet the needs of urban residents' continuous and continuous development, which is the same as the urbanization process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D632.1;C913.7
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 劉超群;我國(guó)社會(huì)保障水平區(qū)域差異分析及協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展對(duì)策研究[D];山東財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué);2013年
，本文編號(hào)：2140823
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