本文選題：大學(xué)生 + 養(yǎng)老方式��； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨人口老齡化趨勢的加深,我國在未來一段時間將要面臨嚴(yán)峻的養(yǎng)老形勢。受計劃生育政策成長起來的90后一代,他們不同于多子多孫的50、60、70后,長輩的養(yǎng)老問題可以由兄弟姐妹均擔(dān),少子化使得90后一代在未來的十年、二十年的時間里將要撫養(yǎng)的老年人數(shù)增多,養(yǎng)老壓力增大。與此同時,人口老齡化的加劇、出生率的降低、生育觀念的變遷以及家庭結(jié)構(gòu)的變化,這些都促使現(xiàn)代人轉(zhuǎn)變養(yǎng)老觀念,作出合理的選擇。由于機構(gòu)養(yǎng)老缺乏嚴(yán)格的規(guī)范和規(guī)模,可承載的養(yǎng)老人數(shù)有限。家庭的養(yǎng)老功能受家庭規(guī)模的縮小、代際重心的下移和家庭人口流動的影響而弱化。居家養(yǎng)老等新型養(yǎng)老方式對于解決養(yǎng)老需求增多,供給少的現(xiàn)狀有獨特的貢獻,正在被國家大力倡導(dǎo)。本文首先從宏觀上對我國現(xiàn)階段的養(yǎng)老情況和理論基礎(chǔ)進行梳理,然后在微觀上以90后大學(xué)生為研究對象,對父輩養(yǎng)老方式選擇的現(xiàn)狀及影響因素進行分析和整理,對具有重要影響的家庭代際關(guān)系這一因素對影響?zhàn)B老方式的選擇做分析研究。本文以90后大學(xué)生為目標(biāo)群體,主要通過對云南昆明呈貢大學(xué)城的兩所高校進行實證調(diào)查,通過問卷調(diào)查的形式,探討性別、戶籍、民族、等基本變量對父輩養(yǎng)老方式選擇的看法以及家庭代際關(guān)系現(xiàn)狀并進行差異性、相關(guān)性和回歸分析等方式進行比較分析。研究結(jié)果表明,大學(xué)生在年齡、戶籍、性別、獨生子女否、父母文化程度、家庭月收入、家庭結(jié)構(gòu)、父母婚姻狀況等自變量對于養(yǎng)老方式的選擇并無顯著影響,大多數(shù)依然選擇家庭養(yǎng)老,對居家養(yǎng)老等新型養(yǎng)老方式知之甚少。在家庭代際關(guān)系方面,存在著與父母溝通次數(shù)少,對父母的需求關(guān)心較少等不利于代際和諧的因素。在人口老齡化加劇的當(dāng)今社會,針對90后大學(xué)生所反映出來的養(yǎng)老意識淡薄、養(yǎng)老方式選擇單一、以及傳統(tǒng)美德遺失等問題,本論文在如何培育90后積極的養(yǎng)老責(zé)任感、如何構(gòu)建社會化的養(yǎng)老體系、以及政府如何加強宏觀調(diào)控這三個方面提出具體對策。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of population aging trend, China will face a severe pension situation in the future. The post-90s generation, which has grown up by the family planning policy, is different from the 50,600-70 generation with many children and grandchildren. The problem of the elderly can be borne by brothers and sisters alike. The minority children will make the post-90s generation in the next 10 years. In 20 years, the number of old people to be raised will increase, and the pressure of old age will increase. At the same time, the aggravation of the aging population, the decrease of birth rate, the change of fertility concept and the change of family structure all urge modern people to change the concept of old-age support and make a reasonable choice. Due to the lack of strict standards and scale of institutional pension, the number of people who can support the aged is limited. Family pension function is weakened by the reduction of family size, the decrease of intergenerational center of gravity and the mobility of family population. Family pension and other new forms of old-age support have a unique contribution to solve the increasing demand for the aged and less supply, and are being strongly advocated by the state. This paper firstly combs the present situation and theoretical basis of the old-age support in China, and then analyzes and arranges the status quo and the influencing factors of the choice of the father's old-age mode, taking the post-90s college students as the research object. This paper analyzes the influence of family intergenerational relationship on the choice of pension style. This article takes the post-90s college students as the target group, mainly through the empirical investigation of two universities in Chenggong University City, Kunming, Yunnan Province, and through the form of questionnaire, discusses the gender, household registration, nationality, etc. The author makes a comparative analysis of the views on the choice of parents' pension style and the current situation of family intergenerational relationship, such as difference, correlation and regression analysis. The results show that the independent variables such as age, household registration, gender, only child, parents' education, family income, family structure and parents' marital status have no significant influence on the choice of pension. Most still choose family pension, and little is known about new pension methods such as home pension. In the aspect of family intergenerational relations, there are some factors which are not conducive to intergenerational harmony, such as less communication with parents and less concern for parents' needs. In the society where the aging of the population intensifies, aiming at the problems such as the weak sense of the aged reflected by the post-90s college students, the singleness of the old-age way, and the loss of the traditional virtue, this paper focuses on how to cultivate the post-90s positive sense of responsibility for the aged. How to build a socialized pension system and how to strengthen macro-control are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C913.6

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