本文選題：殘障兒童 + 小組工作��； 參考：《長春工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：殘疾人占全國人口比重大,據(jù)2006年第二次全國殘疾人抽樣調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)推算,目前全國各類殘疾人的總數(shù)為8296萬人,殘疾人占全國總?cè)丝诘谋壤秊?.34%。殘疾人群除了身體機能無法完全自理外,還產(chǎn)生了性格、行為①、心理上的變化,具體表現(xiàn)在：性格方面自卑、孤僻,在情緒方面敏感、易怒,在行為方面不敢與人主動溝通、害怕直視對方的眼睛、與同學關(guān)系較差、學習興趣低,主動參與活動積極性低等特點。另外,受到傳統(tǒng)觀念限制,社區(qū)對殘障兒童認識存在偏頗,對殘障兒童的支持較少,社會對殘障兒童的接納尊重包容欠缺。可以說,殘疾人群因主觀或客觀原因未能有效融入社會。 國家和社會雖然采取了各種措施在醫(yī)療康復、教育培訓以及綜合服務方面協(xié)助殘疾人逐漸融入社會,但是由于自身因素及傳統(tǒng)觀念的影響,殘疾人總體生活水平與全社會平均生活水平差距仍然較大,他們對于社會各種福利政策了解較少,參與度不高,在社會生活中還存在排斥現(xiàn)象,殘疾人真正融入社會的任務仍然非常艱巨。本項目突破傳統(tǒng)做法,引入專業(yè)社會工作手法,通過外部因素影響主觀自信心、情緒處理、正向人生觀,最終實現(xiàn)主動融入社會的目的。 本文首先從項目背景及街道內(nèi)10名殘障兒童的需求情況提出了項目來源,并提出了項目預設,然后論述了項目采用整合小組工作的手法,預估了項目以期達到的總體目標和具體目標。 接下來,本文重點論述了項目的實施過程,具體包括項目的六期小組活動�！翱鞓纺阄摇钡谝黄谛〗M活動。通過組員之間的自我介紹、有緣認識你、分享等方式建立小組關(guān)系,訂立小組契約和闡述對小組的期望①；“煩惱遠去”第二期小組活動,針對由于適應性障礙所表現(xiàn)出來的自卑自閉的殘疾人,設立游戲環(huán)節(jié)開展情緒宣泄、支持性表達,讓組員減少心理上的壓力并建立良好的心態(tài)；“特別的我”第三期小組活動,通過手工制作引導組員互相分享自身的優(yōu)勢、劣勢,從而更好認識自我,增強動手能力,激勵他們互相支持與鼓勵；“面對陌生人”第四期小組活動,以角色扮演、PPT展示、游戲的方式使組員認識到陌生人的友好及他人的關(guān)愛之情,樹立積極的人生觀,并更好規(guī)劃自己的人生；“親近社會”第五期小組活動。通過外出參加公益活動,激勵組員樹立走出家門的信心,主動融入社會；“快樂分享”第六期小組活動,通過PPT回顧前期活動,彼此發(fā)現(xiàn)印象最深的時刻及大家的變化,及時處理離別情緒。 最后,本文從社工時間分配投入、主觀感受、組員及家長反饋四個方面進行了項目評估,肯定了組員的變化與項目目標的實現(xiàn)。同時,項目還在四個方面有所創(chuàng)新,即專業(yè)關(guān)系建立中的投入、小組結(jié)束后的跟進、小組動力的運用、小組過程的及時調(diào)整。
[Abstract]:According to the data of the second National sample Survey of disabled Persons in 2006, the total number of disabled people in China is 82.96 million, and the proportion of disabled persons in the total population is 6.34. In addition to being unable to take full care of their physical functions, people with disabilities have also produced personality, behavior, and psychological changes, which are manifested in the inferiority complex of personality, isolation, emotional sensitivity, irritability, and fear of active communication with others in behavior. Fear of looking into the other's eyes, poor relationship with students, low interest in learning, low initiative to participate in activities and other characteristics. In addition, due to the limitations of traditional concepts, the community has a biased understanding of disabled children, less support for disabled children, and lack of social acceptance, respect and tolerance for disabled children. It can be said that people with disabilities can not be effectively integrated into society for subjective or objective reasons. The State and society, while taking various measures to facilitate the progressive integration of persons with disabilities in the areas of medical rehabilitation, education and training, as well as comprehensive services, owing to their own factors and traditional attitudes, The gap between the overall standard of living of persons with disabilities and the average standard of living of the whole society is still large. They know little about social welfare policies, do not have a high degree of participation, and still have a phenomenon of exclusion in social life. The task of truly integrating the disabled into society remains daunting. This project breaks through the traditional method, introduces the professional social work technique, influences the subjective self-confidence, the emotion processing, the positive outlook on life through the external factors, and finally realizes the goal of active integration into the society. This paper first puts forward the source of the project from the background of the project and the needs of the 10 disabled children in the street, and puts forward the project presupposition, and then discusses the method of the project using the integrated group work. The overall goals and targets of the project are estimated. Then, this paper focuses on the implementation process of the project, including the six-stage group activities. Happy you and me the first phase of the group activity. Through the self-introduction among the group members, the chance to know you, share and other ways to establish a group relationship, group contract and express expectations for the group 1; "worry far away" the second phase of the group activities, For the disabled who are inferiority complex and autistic because of the adaptability obstacle, set up the game link to develop the emotion catharsis, support the expression, let the group member reduce the psychological pressure and establish the good mentality; "Special I" the third group activity, The group members can share their strengths and weaknesses with each other by hand making, so that they can better understand themselves, enhance their practical ability, and encourage each other to support and encourage each other. The way of the game enables the members to recognize the friendship of strangers and the caring feelings of others, establish a positive outlook on life, and better plan their own life. By going out to participate in public welfare activities, the team members are encouraged to build up the confidence to go out of their homes and actively integrate into society; "Happy sharing" group activities in the sixth phase, through the PPT review of the early activities, each found the most impressive moment and everyone's changes. Deal with the parting emotion in time. Finally, this paper evaluates the project from four aspects of social worker's time allocation, subjective feeling, team member and parents' feedback, and confirms the change of team member and the realization of project goal. At the same time, the project also has some innovation in four aspects, namely, the input in the establishment of professional relationship, the follow-up after the end of the group, the use of the group motivation, and the timely adjustment of the group process.
【學位授予單位】：長春工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：C916;D669.69

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