本文選題：江南市鎮(zhèn) + 公共性��； 參考：《上海大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：本文基于對(duì)市鎮(zhèn)研究的反思展開(kāi)。筆者總結(jié)多年來(lái)市鎮(zhèn)研究的成果發(fā)現(xiàn)：市鎮(zhèn)作為一個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立和具有自主性的地方社會(huì)單位在目前的研究中沒(méi)有得到足夠的重視。因此，本文選取清末民初的朱家角鎮(zhèn)作為研究對(duì)象，對(duì)其社會(huì)歷史與空間圖景、地方社會(huì)的結(jié)構(gòu)、結(jié)構(gòu)的運(yùn)作模式等幾個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行研究。在此一時(shí)期，盡管?chē)?guó)家動(dòng)蕩不安，資本主義不斷入侵，但朱家角鎮(zhèn)依然依賴于地方自治維持了秩序穩(wěn)定，甚至還實(shí)現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。本文也因此認(rèn)為，傳統(tǒng)中國(guó)江南地區(qū)的市鎮(zhèn)，是一個(gè)公共領(lǐng)域發(fā)展相對(duì)成熟，公共物品供給相對(duì)充分，具有相當(dāng)自主性的共同體（或社區(qū)）。 本文的研究表明：在清末民初這一中國(guó)歷史的轉(zhuǎn)換階段，這種公共性的供給主體經(jīng)歷了從傳統(tǒng)士紳向現(xiàn)代紳商的轉(zhuǎn)變。在傳統(tǒng)帝國(guó)時(shí)期，作為社會(huì)精英的士紳起著溝通國(guó)家與社會(huì)，并相互間協(xié)調(diào)完成對(duì)社會(huì)秩序的維護(hù)工作。但這一狀態(tài)到清末民初時(shí)期發(fā)生了改變，科舉的廢除、以及帝制的崩潰都使得士紳面臨結(jié)構(gòu)性轉(zhuǎn)型，而商人的力量卻在資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì)體系影響下逐步擴(kuò)張，這樣的變化使得地方社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)表現(xiàn)出一些新的特征。新興的商業(yè)精英階層以社團(tuán)為基礎(chǔ)，通過(guò)在地方社會(huì)公共領(lǐng)域內(nèi)組織各種活動(dòng)，團(tuán)結(jié)起社會(huì)中的各種力量，由此形成穩(wěn)定的社會(huì)組織結(jié)構(gòu)。這一結(jié)構(gòu)不僅維持了社會(huì)秩序的穩(wěn)定，還促進(jìn)了資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)，一些市鎮(zhèn)也因此達(dá)到了發(fā)展的鼎盛階段。 本文也因此從社會(huì)精英入手分析他們?cè)诠差I(lǐng)域內(nèi)的狀態(tài)以及運(yùn)作地方社會(huì)的模式。由此發(fā)現(xiàn)：新興的商業(yè)精英繼承了原有士紳的社會(huì)與文化價(jià)值，傳統(tǒng)的公私觀念和道德觀念依然作用于他們身上。也就是說(shuō)，，在清末民初的這一時(shí)期，適應(yīng)了資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì)體系的商人精英繼承了傳統(tǒng)士紳在社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)中的作用，地方社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)實(shí)質(zhì)性改變，社會(huì)秩序也因此沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)混亂。反而是此后的國(guó)家權(quán)力向基層的滲透，導(dǎo)致了地方社會(huì)的失序。由此，筆者對(duì)多年來(lái)中國(guó)公共領(lǐng)域的研究作出反思：在清末民初時(shí)期中國(guó)社會(huì)的確出現(xiàn)了公共領(lǐng)域的活躍，不過(guò)研究這一問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵在于認(rèn)清精英們運(yùn)作一個(gè)地方社會(huì)的過(guò)程。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on the reflection of the town research. The author summarizes the results of many years' research on the town and finds that the town as a relatively independent and autonomous local social unit has not been paid enough attention to in the present research. Therefore, this paper selects Zhujiajiao Town in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China as the research object, and studies its social history and space picture, the structure of local society, the operation mode of structure and so on. In this period, despite the state unrest and the constant invasion of capitalism, the town of Zhujiajiao still depended on local autonomy to maintain order and stability, and even realized the further development of economy. Therefore, the traditional town in the south of the Yangtze River in China is a community (or community) with relatively mature development of public domain, adequate supply of public goods and considerable autonomy. The research of this paper shows that in the transition stage of Chinese history from the late Qing Dynasty to the early Republic of China, this public supply subject has undergone a transformation from the traditional gentry to the modern gentry and merchants. In the period of the traditional empire, the gentry, as the social elite, communicated the state and society, and coordinated the maintenance of social order. However, this state changed in the late Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China. The abolition of the imperial examination and the collapse of the monarchy made the gentry face structural transformation, while the strength of the businessmen gradually expanded under the influence of the capitalist economic system. This change makes the local social structure show some new characteristics. The new business elite is based on the community and forms a stable social organization structure by organizing various activities in the public sphere of the local society and uniting various forces in the society. This structure not only maintained the stability of social order, but also promoted the growth of capitalist economy. Therefore, this paper analyzes their state in the public sphere and the mode of running local society from the social elite. It was found that the new business elite inherited the social and cultural values of the original gentry, and the traditional public and private concepts and moral concepts still acted on them. That is to say, in the period of the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the elite businessmen who adapted to the capitalist economic system inherited the role of the traditional gentry in the social structure, and there was no substantial change in the local social structure. As a result, there was no confusion in the social order. Instead, the infiltration of state power to the grassroots led to the disorder of local society. Therefore, the author reflects on the research on the public sphere in China for many years: in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, the Chinese society did appear to be active in the public sphere, but the key to study this problem is to recognize the process of the elite operating a local society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：C912.4

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本文編號(hào)：1867914