本文選題：學困生 + 個案��； 參考：《安徽大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：“學習困難”現象一直是包括學校、教師、家長和“學困生”自己在內感到不解而又無時不想加以解決的問題。遺憾的是,這一問題卻廣泛存在于各個知識層次學習的過程中,其中,中小學階段的“學習困難”現象尤為引人關注。研究者和教育實踐者們從不同的學科角度出發(fā),對這一問題進行了孜孜以求的探索,其中不乏大量的真知灼見,但其中運用文化人類學的理論和視角對該問題加以研究的所見不多,有關此方面的研究結果和見解也比較少見。因而,從文化人類學方面對學習困難現象進行研究,不僅必要而且還具有一定的理論意義和現實意義。 已有的相關研究大多從某一側面探究產生學習困難的原因并據此提出干預措施,而較少有全面性、綜合性的研究結果。另外,相對于國外相關研究,國內研究更多存在于原因、對策等實踐層面上,理論研究相對薄弱,研究視角也比較狹窄。 本研究把學困生個案作為研究對象,使用深度訪談和觀察法收集研究資料。在對研究個案進行了一年多的訪談和觀察后,通過對研究對象日常生活的描述,展現了研究對象的日常生活場景,揭示了學習困難背后意義理解的差異和文化的原因,有助于比較全面地認識和理解學習困難這一現象,進而為如何解決學習困難的問題提供有益的思考。 本文主要包括導言、正文和結語,共五個部分。 導言部分首先介紹了為何作此研究并闡述了研究所具有的相關意義。其次,對相關研究進行了必要的梳理,以了解當前關于學困生研究的進展和相關的理論狀況。再次,在這部分里對學習困難概念和日常生活概念分別進行了界定并簡要介紹了日常生活概念的涵義以及相關研究的理論主張；最后,介紹了本研究依據的民族志方法和收集研究資料的具體方法。 研究對象的日常生活狀況主要是通過研究者和研究對象交往互動,對訪談、觀察和研究者理解的描述。包括研究對象生活的家庭環(huán)境狀況,家人對她的了解和要求；大量研究對象自述她與老師、同學、家人之間的互動交往及她自己對周圍所見所聞的人和事的認知和理解。通過深厚描述力圖全面展示研究對象的生活細節(jié),使研究對象“鮮活地站在研究者的面前”。 現象的解釋部分圍繞研究對象日常生活中的學習,從四個方面就學習困難現象給予了解釋,分別為：隔離與成長——研究對象家庭養(yǎng)育孩子的觀念和方式；我的地盤誰做主——日常生活中研究對象缺少學習的主動性和獨立性,大多數行為來自施教者的安排；分數、面子與其他——日常生活中分數對學生及其周圍相關人所具有的意義,人們注重分數的現實、社會和文化原因；無趣與辛苦——日常生活中,學習困難學生的感受。通過這四個方面,揭示了日常生活中被研究者與其周圍環(huán)境的交往互動及不同主體對學習意義的不同理解,闡明了造成不同意義理解的具體差異和這些不同理解背后的文化緣由。 研究建議部分就學習困難問題提出了一些針對性看法。主要建議是運用人類學的理論和方法對學習困難現象進行更深入的研究,以得到更加全面、深刻的認識；指出日常生活學習的重要意義以及如何在日常生活中培養(yǎng)、保護學習困難學生興趣的方法,日常生活中潛在影響因素的作用；這部分內容還包含有如何避免學習困難現象的出現和學習困難學生的轉化的見解。 總結全文,筆者認對學習困難問題進行持續(xù)的研究仍然具有十分重要的意義,未來的研究還面臨著許多困難；文化人類學的理論和方法可以用于這一現象的研究并可獲得一些深層次的認識和理解；同時也指出了本研究的不足之處。
[Abstract]:"Learning difficulties" phenomenon has been including schools, teachers, parents and students themselves, and puzzled when they do not want to solve the problem. Unfortunately, this problem is widespread in the process of all levels of knowledge learning, difficult, "the" primary stage of learning is particularly concern. Researchers and education practitioners starting from different perspectives, to diligently strive after exploration on this problem, which are large but the use of high perspicacity, on the issue of cultural anthropology theory and perspective are few, the related research results and insights are relatively rare thus, from the cultural anthropology to study the phenomenon of learning difficulties, not only necessary but also has certain theoretical significance and practical significance.
Most of the existing related research from one side to explore the causes of learning difficulties and puts forward some intervention measures, and have less comprehensive, comprehensive research results. In addition, compared with foreign research, domestic research exists in the reasons, countermeasures of practice, theoretical research is relatively weak, the research perspective is relatively narrow.
In this study, the LDS case as the research object, using depth interviews and observations to collect research data. In the case study for more than a year of interviews and observations, based on the research object of daily life description, show the research object the scenes of everyday life, reveals the reasons for the differences of learning difficulties behind the understanding and culture, contribute to the comprehensive understanding of learning difficulties of this phenomenon, and learning how to solve the difficult problem of useful thinking.
This article mainly includes the introduction, the text and the conclusion, which are five parts.
The introduction part first introduces why this research and describes the significance of research of related research. Secondly, to sort out, in order to understand the current progress in the research on learning difficulties and related theory. Thirdly, in this part of difficult concepts and daily life concept learning were defined and briefly introduces the theory of the concept of daily life and related research; finally, introduces the concrete method on the basis of ethnographic methods and collecting research data.
The research object of daily life is mainly through the research and study of interaction, interviews, observation and understanding of the researchers described. Including family environment of family life, her understanding and a lot of research object requirements; and she readme teacher, students, cognition and understanding of interactions between family members and her of what one sees and hears the people and things around. The thick description about the details of life, make the research object vividly stand in front of researchers.
Research on the phenomenon of object interpretation focusing on part of learning in everyday life, from the four aspects of learning difficulties phenomenon is explained respectively: isolation and growth -- concepts and methods of the research object of family parenting; my site who is in charge of daily life -- Research on the lack of learning initiative and independence, most from teaching arrangements; scores, face and other significance scores for student in daily life and the surrounding people have, people pay attention to scores of the reality of the social and cultural reasons; boring and hard - in daily life, the feelings of students with learning difficulties. Through these four aspects, reveals the different understanding the significance of the study of the interaction of different subjects and their surroundings of daily life, expound the cause different understanding and these are not the same Understand the cultural reasons behind it.
Research suggests that part of the problem of learning difficulties and put forward some corresponding views. The main proposal is the use of anthropological theories and methods for further research on the phenomenon of learning difficulties, in order to get a more comprehensive and profound understanding; pointed out the important significance of daily life learning and how to cultivate in daily life, protect the interest of students with learning difficulties and potential impact factors in daily life; this part also includes the transformation of how to avoid the emergence of the phenomenon of learning difficulties and learning difficulties students' opinions.
A summary of the full text, I think it is still of great significance for the research on the problem of learning difficulties, future research still faces many difficulties; and study the theory and method of cultural anthropology can be used for this phenomenon to obtain some deep-seated understanding; and also pointed out the shortcomings of this study.

【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C912.4

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 曹冉;學困生學習的生活體驗研究[D];首都師范大學;2013年

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本文編號：1749123