本文選題：參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法　切入點(diǎn)：科學(xué)性　出處：《東北師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：20世紀(jì)80年代以來(lái),越來(lái)越多的國(guó)際組織來(lái)華實(shí)施農(nóng)村扶貧項(xiàng)目,伴隨這些國(guó)際組織而來(lái)的還有其先進(jìn)的社會(huì)調(diào)查方法——參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法(PRA)。參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法在我國(guó)經(jīng)歷了30余年的發(fā)展和演變,如今已經(jīng)成為被國(guó)際組織扶貧、政府機(jī)關(guān)投資以及農(nóng)科院�？蒲兴鶑V泛采用的社會(huì)科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)收集方法。值得注意的是,在參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法在應(yīng)用上取得巨大成功的同時(shí),參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法的科學(xué)性卻被學(xué)界忽視,鮮有研究。參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法是發(fā)明而非發(fā)現(xiàn),其科學(xué)性不是自明的。因此,在社會(huì)科學(xué)哲學(xué)視域下對(duì)參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法的科學(xué)性進(jìn)行研究是有必要的。本文從社會(huì)科學(xué)哲學(xué)的角度對(duì)參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法進(jìn)行剖析,提煉出參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法的理論內(nèi)核——參與式,參與式同時(shí)又是本方法的實(shí)施手段,因而對(duì)參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法的科學(xué)性進(jìn)行分析就要先從參與式的科學(xué)性分析;另外,農(nóng)民的價(jià)值取向在參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法中扮演著重要角色,尊重農(nóng)民價(jià)值觀作法的科學(xué)性也是論證本方法科學(xué)性的重要因素。全文將從三個(gè)方面對(duì)參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法的科學(xué)性進(jìn)行闡述:第一,從操作化理論得出,操作化意義并非只存在于定量分析的的方法之中,定性分析的社會(huì)科學(xué)調(diào)查方法同樣具有操作化意義,與定量方法的測(cè)量操作化意義不同,定性方法的操作化意義存在于對(duì)社會(huì)現(xiàn)象的解釋之中。參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法在社會(huì)現(xiàn)象解釋方面的巨大成功正是體現(xiàn)了操作化的解釋意義,因此參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法在操作化理論下是具有科學(xué)性的。第二,參與式作為參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法的理論核心是符合介入之下不變理論的,參與式的介入是在合理范圍之內(nèi)的,因此在介入下不變理論的支持下,運(yùn)用參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法所得數(shù)據(jù)是客觀可靠的,參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法是科學(xué)的。第三,農(nóng)民的意愿在參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估方法中得到重視是符合社會(huì)科學(xué)方法論的,尊重農(nóng)民意愿代表的是承認(rèn)社會(huì)科學(xué)研究中的研究對(duì)象所具有的能動(dòng)性,因而是具有科學(xué)精神的。
[Abstract]:Since the 1980s, more and more international organizations have come to China to implement poverty alleviation projects in rural areas. These international organizations are accompanied by their advanced social survey method, the participatory rural assessment method, which has been developing and evolving in our country for more than 30 years, and has now become an international organization that has been helping the poor. Social science data collection methods widely used by government agencies and institutes of agricultural sciences. It is worth noting that, while the participatory rural assessment method has achieved great success in its application, However, the scientific nature of participatory rural assessment method is ignored by academic circles, and there is little research. The participatory rural evaluation method is invented rather than discovered, and its scientific nature is not self-evident. It is necessary to study the scientific nature of participatory rural evaluation from the perspective of social science philosophy. Abstract the theoretical kernel of participatory rural evaluation method-participatory type, which is also the means of implementation of this method. Therefore, the scientific analysis of participatory rural evaluation method must be based on the scientific analysis of participatory rural evaluation method; in addition, Farmers' value orientation plays an important role in participatory rural evaluation. The scientific nature of respecting farmers' values is also an important factor to demonstrate the scientific nature of this method. The full text will elaborate the scientific nature of participatory rural evaluation method from three aspects: first, from the operational theory, The operational significance is not only in the quantitative analysis method, but also in the social science survey method of qualitative analysis, which is different from the quantitative method. The operational significance of qualitative methods exists in the interpretation of social phenomena. The great success of participatory rural evaluation in the interpretation of social phenomena is the embodiment of operational explanatory significance. Therefore, the participatory rural evaluation method is scientific under the operational theory. Second, as the theoretical core of the participatory rural evaluation method, the participatory rural evaluation method is consistent with the invariant theory under intervention, and the participatory intervention is within a reasonable range. Therefore, with the support of the invariant theory, the data obtained by the participatory rural assessment method is objective and reliable, and the participatory rural evaluation method is scientific. Third, It is in line with the methodology of social science that farmers' will be paid attention to in the participatory rural evaluation method. Respecting the will of farmers represents the recognition of the initiative of the research object in social science research, so it has the scientific spirit.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：C12

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