發(fā)布時間：2018-03-26 07:03

  本文選題：侗族　切入點：青少年　出處：《中央民族大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：1994年9月在埃及開羅召開的國際人口與發(fā)展大會上將生殖健康的概念列入“行動綱領(lǐng)”作為全球重要優(yōu)先項目,同時指出把青少年生殖健康作為優(yōu)先關(guān)注的目標(biāo)之一。青少年是未來世界最重要的人力資源,其生殖健康問題直接關(guān)系到人口、經(jīng)濟和社會的可持續(xù)發(fā)展�？陀^存在的青少年性觀念開放、婚前性行為、意外妊娠、性傳播疾病及艾滋病等現(xiàn)象逐年加劇,使青少年們面臨越來越多的與性和生殖健康相關(guān)的危險。但目前存在的計劃生育和性健康教育內(nèi)容及服務(wù)對象多局限在已婚育齡夫婦,忽視了對青少年群體的關(guān)注。性觀念的開放、性教育的滯后,使得青少年達(dá)到積極健康的性與生殖健康狀態(tài)面臨更大的困難,青少年的性與生殖健康問題成為一個重要的公共衛(wèi)生問題和值得關(guān)注的社會問題。 百年之前,西方科學(xué)界開始了一場有關(guān)人類行為的成因的“先天”與“后天”的激烈爭論。雙方爭論的重要問題之一是：青春期行為和人格的形成,究竟是由文化決定的還是由生理變化造成的普遍癥狀?與生物學(xué)家不同的是,博厄斯、米德等人類學(xué)家提出文化決定論的觀點,他們認(rèn)為青春期是由后天的文化和教育而非先天因素決定的。這場爭論一直以來并沒有結(jié)束,近些年來,在關(guān)于青春期的研究上,青春期青少年性成熟的生理年齡、體內(nèi)激素的分泌,初婚年齡推遲等等原因往往被認(rèn)為是青春期行為變化的主要因素。本文也就此出發(fā),討論文化變遷對于青春期行為變化的重大影響。 生活在貴州黔東南地區(qū)的侗族人民,由于地處偏僻,交通不便,歷史上長期處于封閉狀態(tài),特殊的自然環(huán)境、社會經(jīng)濟、文化制度孕育出了當(dāng)?shù)馗挥诿褡逄厣幕閼倭?xí)俗。隨著社會的發(fā)展,侗族地區(qū)各方面都發(fā)生了巨大的變化,其傳統(tǒng)婚戀習(xí)俗不可避免的也將隨之改變。同樣的,侗族青少年男女的青春期行為也發(fā)生了巨大的變化。而學(xué)者們對青春期的研究多集中在漢族地區(qū),對生殖健康的關(guān)注多局限在已婚群體,對侗族這樣的少數(shù)民族青少年青春期和生殖健康的關(guān)注較少,這正是本研究的出發(fā)點。 本文以貴州黔東南地區(qū)從江縣西山鎮(zhèn)P寨為考察點,通過實地田野調(diào)查,深入到侗族人民生活的地區(qū),與他們一起同吃同住。運用主位和客位的視角,對侗族群眾的生活進行細(xì)致的觀察,并重點對青少年調(diào)查對象進行深度訪談,以收集到的第一手資料為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合歷史文獻資料,探討當(dāng)?shù)囟弊迩嗌倌昙捌涓改竷纱说幕閼傩袨?利用人類學(xué)個案來描述當(dāng)代侗族青少年的青春期行為,對比侗族村寨兩代人青春期行為的巨大變化,指出文化變遷因素在其中起到的主要作用,延續(xù)百年之前的人類學(xué)爭論,為我國的青期期研究提供例證,并為青春期教育提出建議。
[Abstract]:The inclusion of the concept of reproductive health in the Programme of Action as a major global priority at the International Conference on population and Development, held at Cairo, Egypt, in September 1994, Noting, at the same time, that adolescent reproductive health is one of the priority objectives. Adolescents are the world's most important human resources in the future, and their reproductive health issues are directly related to the population, Economic and social sustainable development. The objectively existing phenomena such as open sexual concept, premarital sexual behavior, accidental pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS have been increasing year by year. Adolescents are increasingly exposed to sexual and reproductive health-related risks. However, current family planning and sexual health education content and services are limited to married couples of childbearing age. Neglecting the attention paid to the youth group, the openness of the sexual concept and the lagging of sex education make it more difficult for teenagers to achieve positive sexual and reproductive health. Adolescent sexual and reproductive health has become an important public health problem and a social problem worthy of attention. A hundred years ago, the Western scientific community began a heated debate about the origin of human behavior. One of the important issues in the debate was the formation of puberty and personality. Is it cultural or a common symptom caused by physiological changes? Unlike biologists, anthropologists such as Boyce and Mead argue that adolescence is determined by postnatal culture and education rather than birth factors. In recent years, in the study of puberty, the physiological age of puberty's sexual maturity, the secretion of hormone in the body, the delay of the age of first marriage and so on are often considered as the main factors of the change of puberty behavior. Discuss the significant influence of cultural change on adolescent behavior change. Because of their remoteness and inconvenient transportation, the Dong people living in the southeast of Guizhou Province have been in a closed state for a long time in history, with their special natural environment and social economy. With the development of the society, great changes have taken place in every aspect of Dong nationality area, and the traditional marriage custom will inevitably change with it. The adolescent behavior of Dong adolescents has also undergone great changes. However, most of the scholars' studies on puberty are concentrated in Han nationality areas, and most of their concerns about reproductive health are confined to married groups. Less attention is paid to adolescent and reproductive health of minority adolescents such as Dong nationality, which is the starting point of this study. This paper takes P village of Xishan Town, Congjiang County, southeast Guizhou Province as the investigation point, through field investigation, goes deep into the area where the Dong people live, and eats and lives with them together. Using the perspective of theme and guest, To make a careful observation of the life of the Dong people, and focus on conducting in-depth interviews with the young people, which are based on the first-hand information collected and combined with historical documents. This paper probes into the marriage and love behavior of the local Dong teenagers and their parents, describes the adolescent behavior of the contemporary Dong teenagers by using the anthropological case, and compares the great changes of the adolescent behavior between the two generations in the Dong village. This paper points out the main function of cultural change factors, continuing the anthropological controversy of one hundred years ago, providing an example for the study of youth in China, and putting forward some suggestions for puberty education.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：C912.4

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張海鐘;焦麗霞;秦積翠;;人類學(xué)視野的青春期少女反抗理論啟示[J];甘肅高師學(xué)報;2010年06期

2 郭亞玲;;“9·11”以后的美國基督教右翼[J];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2008年03期

3 高瑩瑩;張開寧;;青少年性與生殖健康服務(wù)面臨的新挑戰(zhàn)和新任務(wù)[J];中國計劃生育學(xué)雜志;2008年12期

4 肖揚;國際聚焦:青少年生殖健康問題與干預(yù)策略[J];當(dāng)代青年研究;2002年01期

5 劉民,劉們,李竹,周永蘭,童巧玲;蘇嘉地區(qū)生殖健康服務(wù)機構(gòu)服務(wù)內(nèi)容調(diào)查[J];中國全科醫(yī)學(xué);2004年01期

6 劉鴻雁,汝小美,丁峰;流動人口的生殖健康服務(wù)[J];人口研究;2004年05期

7 高爾生;;學(xué)校應(yīng)是青少年性與生殖健康教育的主陣地[J];人口與發(fā)展;2010年03期

8 張帆;;人類學(xué)與社會心理學(xué)的結(jié)合:瑪格麗特·米德之文化決定論綜述[J];社會科學(xué)評論;2007年03期

9 徐黎麗,石t，

本文編號：1666845