本文選題：全球治理　切入點(diǎn)：全球氣候治理　出處：《中共中央黨校》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著全球化進(jìn)程的加快,全球問(wèn)題不斷涌現(xiàn),對(duì)整個(gè)人類社會(huì)的生存與發(fā)展提出了嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)。然而,在相互依賴的時(shí)代里,任何一個(gè)國(guó)家都難以單獨(dú)地解決全球問(wèn)題,因此需要將全球問(wèn)題視為一個(gè)整體,實(shí)現(xiàn)全球治理。 全球氣候變化問(wèn)題是典型的全球問(wèn)題。根據(jù)全球治理的理論框架,本文認(rèn)為全球氣候治理的內(nèi)涵應(yīng)包含以下幾方面:第一、全球氣候治理的客體,即全球氣候治理的對(duì)象,主要指全球氣候變化問(wèn)題;第二、全球氣候治理的主體。在全球氣候治理的實(shí)踐中,各主權(quán)國(guó)家、國(guó)際政府間組織、跨國(guó)公司以及非政府組織等多元主體依據(jù)各自優(yōu)勢(shì),在全球氣候治理中發(fā)揮重要作用,其中非政府組織的迅速發(fā)展和壯大尤為突出;第三、全球氣候治理的目標(biāo),即多元治理主體拋開(kāi)意識(shí)形態(tài)的差異,超越各自狹隘的利益考慮,積極合作,共同應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化問(wèn)題;第四、全球氣候治理的機(jī)制。即國(guó)際社會(huì)經(jīng)過(guò)多年的艱難談判所形成的氣候治理機(jī)制,這是全球氣候治理的法律保障。 全球氣候治理的主體在全球氣候治理中居于核心地位。表現(xiàn)在其左右著氣候治理的進(jìn)程,影響著氣候治理中價(jià)值觀念的形成與傳播,決定著相關(guān)治理機(jī)制的制定甚至決定著氣候治理目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。在全球氣候治理的多元主體中,非政府組織擁有極其豐富的人力資源,并憑借其制度優(yōu)勢(shì)、專業(yè)優(yōu)勢(shì)以及道義優(yōu)勢(shì),彌補(bǔ)了其他行為體的不足,在全球氣候治理中,發(fā)揮著日益重要的作用,產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響,適應(yīng)了全球問(wèn)題所要求的多元化、多層面的治理模式。 本文以非政府組織為研究對(duì)象,采用特定的分析框架,以《京都議定書(shū)》的核心機(jī)制之談判為案例,具體評(píng)估非政府組織在全球氣候治理中的所發(fā)揮的作用。實(shí)踐證明,非政府組織在氣候變化知識(shí)的傳播、公眾環(huán)保意識(shí)的培養(yǎng)、氣候議題的設(shè)定、氣候機(jī)制的形成等方面確實(shí)承擔(dān)著重要職能,對(duì)全球氣候治理來(lái)講意義重大。通過(guò)案例分析,我們還可以看到非政府組織在全球氣候治理中突出的制約因素,如非政府組織所代表利益的廣泛性不足,獨(dú)立程度不一,差異大,分歧多,在形成合力過(guò)程中困難重重等,妨礙其在全球氣候治理中更加有效地發(fā)揮作用。但是非政府組織在全球氣候治理中的影響力不斷提高已是不爭(zhēng)的事實(shí),作為最大發(fā)展中國(guó)家的中國(guó),應(yīng)該對(duì)此引起足夠的重視,充分認(rèn)識(shí)到參與全球氣候治理的主體已經(jīng)呈現(xiàn)多元化,同時(shí)理性看待非政府組織在全球氣候治理中與日俱增的作用,此外更應(yīng)注重培育和鼓勵(lì)中國(guó)本土非政府組織的發(fā)展,從而更成功地參與全球氣候治理。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the globalization process, global problems are emerging, posing a serious challenge to the survival and development of the entire human society. However, in the era of interdependence, it is difficult for any one country to solve the global problems alone. There is therefore a need to see global issues as a whole and to achieve global governance. Global climate change is a typical global problem. According to the theoretical framework of global governance, this paper holds that the connotation of global climate governance should include the following aspects: first, the object of global climate governance, that is, the object of global climate governance, It mainly refers to the issue of global climate change; second, the main body of global climate governance. In the practice of global climate governance, the various sovereign states, international intergovernmental organizations, transnational corporations and non-governmental organizations, and other diverse subjects, are based on their respective advantages. To play an important role in global climate governance, especially the rapid development and growth of non-governmental organizations; third, the objective of global climate governance, namely, to put aside ideological differences and to transcend narrow interest considerations, To work together to deal with global climate change; 4th, the mechanism of global climate governance; that is, the climate governance mechanism developed by the international community after years of difficult negotiations, which is the legal guarantee of global climate governance. The main body of global climate governance plays a central role in global climate governance, which affects the process of climate governance and the formation and dissemination of values in climate governance. The establishment of relevant governance mechanism even determines the realization of the goal of climate governance. In the pluralistic body of global climate governance, non-governmental organizations have extremely rich human resources and rely on their institutional advantages. Professional and moral advantages make up for the shortcomings of other actors and play an increasingly important role in global climate governance. In this paper, the role of NGOs in global climate governance is evaluated by taking the negotiation of the core mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol as a case study, using a specific analytical framework. Non-governmental organizations do play an important role in the dissemination of climate change knowledge, the cultivation of public awareness of environmental protection, the setting of climate issues, the formation of climate mechanisms, and so on, which are of great significance to global climate governance. We can also see that non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have prominent constraints in global climate governance, such as the lack of universality, the degree of independence, the diversity, the diversity, the difficulties in forming synergies, and so on. Preventing it from playing a more effective role in global climate governance. But it is an indisputable fact that the growing influence of non-governmental organizations in global climate governance should be given sufficient attention by China, the largest developing country, Fully recognizing that the main actors involved in global climate governance have become diversified, while taking a rational view of the growing role of non-governmental organizations in global climate governance, and that emphasis should be placed on fostering and encouraging the development of local non-governmental organizations in China, Thus more successful participation in global climate governance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中共中央黨校
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：P467;C912.2

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 宋效峰;;非政府組織與全球氣候治理:功能及其局限[J];云南社會(huì)科學(xué);2012年05期

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本文編號(hào)：1577754