本文選題：技術(shù)進步　切入點：社會結(jié)構(gòu)　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今社會，科學(xué)技術(shù)高速發(fā)展，這帶來了政治、經(jīng)濟、文化等各方面的突飛猛進，給個人乃至整個社會帶來了巨大的變化。從個人角度看，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們無一例外地都是技術(shù)產(chǎn)品的消費者；從國家和社會的角度來講，作為人類認識自然和改造自然的工具和手段，科學(xué)技術(shù)為社會發(fā)展提供物質(zhì)工具，深刻地影響著社會生產(chǎn)方式和人們生活方式的變革，推動社會政治文明的發(fā)展，推動社會制度的進步，為社會發(fā)展提供社會精神理性手段。因此，深入研究技術(shù)進步對社會結(jié)構(gòu)的影響，在促進經(jīng)濟更加快速健康發(fā)展、和諧社會建設(shè)和國家政策制定方面將會有舉足輕重的作用。 本研究，運用經(jīng)驗研究與理論研究相結(jié)合，功能分析與比較分析相結(jié)合的方法，同時兼用文獻分析方法，從技術(shù)哲學(xué)、技術(shù)社會學(xué)、社會學(xué)、經(jīng)濟學(xué)等多學(xué)科綜合和交叉角度，以技術(shù)和社會的關(guān)系為主線，探討了功能論視角中的技術(shù)與社會的關(guān)系、技術(shù)進步與社會分工和市場交換的關(guān)系，以此為基礎(chǔ)，從社會結(jié)構(gòu)的概念出發(fā)，在“結(jié)構(gòu)是各個相互聯(lián)系的要素構(gòu)成，要素變化了，結(jié)構(gòu)也發(fā)生變化”的思想的指導(dǎo)下，較為全面系統(tǒng)地考察技術(shù)進步對社會結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。 技術(shù)進步對社會產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響主要表現(xiàn)在，出現(xiàn)了以主導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)為主的一系列的產(chǎn)業(yè)群，產(chǎn)業(yè)重心由第一產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)向第二、第三產(chǎn)業(yè)，同時，各個產(chǎn)業(yè)的產(chǎn)業(yè)化水平和技術(shù)水平得到明顯的提高；消費結(jié)構(gòu)方面，表現(xiàn)在消費主體的擴大和多樣化，消費品的極大豐富和享受型消費日益占主導(dǎo)地位；職業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)方面，主要勞動力由第一產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)向第二、第三產(chǎn)業(yè)，社會職業(yè)多樣化，并且仍在不斷涌現(xiàn)新的職業(yè)領(lǐng)域，職業(yè)的專業(yè)化水平提高。技術(shù)進步對社會階層結(jié)構(gòu)的影響主要表現(xiàn)在，技術(shù)進步促使社會朝橄欖形結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)化，中產(chǎn)階層不斷壯大，勞動者知識水平和專業(yè)技能逐漸提高，知識分子隊伍不斷壯大，階層結(jié)構(gòu)從剛性結(jié)構(gòu)逐漸轉(zhuǎn)向彈性結(jié)構(gòu)，階層之間的流動性增大。同時，簡要分析了技術(shù)進步對社會政治結(jié)構(gòu)、文化結(jié)構(gòu)和社區(qū)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。 在技術(shù)變得越來越重要的社會，擁有知識和技能的人，更具發(fā)言權(quán)，中國乃至世界各民族都需要不遺余力地積極提高國民教育水平，推行技術(shù)立國、科教興國戰(zhàn)略。這樣，不僅能提高個人在社會中的威望，，獲得財富和權(quán)力，更能提高整個民族和國家的經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展水平，維護社會安定，提高綜合國力。同時，技術(shù)社會也面臨著新的挑戰(zhàn)：其一，技術(shù)社會通過創(chuàng)造新的技術(shù)精英改變整個社會的階級結(jié)構(gòu)，造成基于知識和技術(shù)的社會不平等。其二，越來越多擁有知識和技術(shù)的人進入中間階層，這種中間階層安定起來是“穩(wěn)定器”，但是它也是一顆“定時炸彈”，如果中間階層內(nèi)部發(fā)生混亂后果將不堪設(shè)想，這也給社會治理帶來新的挑戰(zhàn)。
[Abstract]:In today's society, science and technology are developing at a high speed, which has brought tremendous progress in politics, economy, culture, and so on. It has brought tremendous changes to individuals and even to the whole society. From a personal point of view, it is not difficult to find that, We are, without exception, consumers of technological products; from a national and social point of view, science and technology provide material tools for social development as tools and means for human beings to understand and transform nature. It has a profound influence on the transformation of social production mode and people's way of life, promotes the development of social political civilization, promotes the progress of social system, and provides social spiritual rational means for social development. Further study on the influence of technological progress on social structure will play an important role in promoting the rapid and healthy development of economy, building a harmonious society and making national policies. In this study, the method of combining empirical research with theoretical research, combining functional analysis with comparative analysis, and using literature analysis method, from the philosophy of technology, sociology of technology, sociology of sociology, Based on the relationship between technology and society, the relationship between technology and society, the relationship between technology and society, the relationship between technological progress and social division of labor and market exchange in the perspective of function theory, the relationship between technology and social division of labor and market exchange is discussed. Based on the concept of social structure, under the guidance of the idea that "structure is the composition of various interrelated elements, the elements have changed, the structure has also changed", the influence of technological progress on the social structure is systematically and comprehensively investigated. The impact of technological progress on the social industrial structure is mainly reflected in the emergence of a series of industrial clusters dominated by leading industries. The focus of the industry has shifted from the primary industry to the secondary and tertiary industries, and at the same time, The industrialization level and technical level of various industries have been obviously improved; the consumption structure is manifested in the expansion and diversification of the main body of consumption, the great abundance of consumer goods and the increasingly dominant position of enjoyment consumption; the occupation structure, The main labor force has changed from the primary industry to the second, the third industry, the social and occupational diversification, and is still emerging new occupational fields, the professional specialization level has been raised. The influence of technological progress on the social stratum structure is mainly manifested in. The progress of technology promoted the social transformation to olive-shaped structure, the middle class grew stronger, the knowledge level and professional skills of workers gradually improved, the ranks of intellectuals grew, and the stratum structure gradually changed from rigid structure to elastic structure. At the same time, the influence of technological progress on social and political structure, cultural structure and community structure is briefly analyzed. In a society where technology is becoming more and more important, people with knowledge and skills will have a greater say. China and even all ethnic groups in the world need to spare no effort to actively raise the level of national education, to promote the strategy of building a country with technology and rejuvenating the country through science and education. It can not only enhance the prestige of individuals in society, acquire wealth and power, but also raise the level of economic and social development of the whole nation and country, maintain social stability and enhance the overall national strength. At the same time, the technological society is also facing new challenges: first, The technological society changes the class structure of the whole society by creating new technological elites, resulting in social inequality based on knowledge and technology. Secondly, more and more people with knowledge and technology enter the middle class. This kind of middle class stabilizes is "stabilizer", but it is also a "time bomb", if the middle class internal chaos consequence will be unthinkable, this also brings the new challenge to the social governance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：C912

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