本文關(guān)鍵詞： 交叉分類效應(yīng) 偏見與歧視 雙重負(fù)擔(dān)理論 社會優(yōu)勢理論　出處：《西北師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：交叉分類是指,在存在群際偏見的兩個群體之間,根據(jù)兩個或多個類別維度來重新劃分群體。交叉分類效應(yīng)是Valerie在交叉性研究中提出的,也稱為交叉類別群體成員的被忽視性,他認(rèn)為交叉類別成員經(jīng)歷了獨(dú)特的歧視形式,即群體成員避開了針對對典型性群體成員的歧視和偏見,同時由于人們對其的忽視,交叉類別群體成員必須要更努力才能被注意到或被認(rèn)可。本研究在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,探究了在中國文化背景下,交叉分類效應(yīng)是否存在。本研究以漢族個體為被試,研究對交叉類別群體即藏族女性的評價是否存在交叉分類效應(yīng),共包含3個實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)1中使用了多重社會分類研究中常用的“誰說了什么”實(shí)驗(yàn)范式,研究在什么條件下以及哪個社會類別更容易被忽視。試驗(yàn)中給被試呈現(xiàn)一個音頻材料,讓被試完成“誰說了什么”任務(wù)。探討與其他社會類別相比,藏族女性說的話以及他們在群體中的貢獻(xiàn)能否被正確的認(rèn)識。探討在一般條件下交叉分類效應(yīng)的存在。在此基礎(chǔ)上,實(shí)驗(yàn)2和實(shí)驗(yàn)3的通過創(chuàng)設(shè)不同的情境,探討交叉分類效應(yīng)在不同情境中是否依然存在。實(shí)驗(yàn)2中,被試通過了解領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的民族、性別及組織績效信息,對交叉類別成員的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力及符合領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者特征程度進(jìn)行評價。研究當(dāng)交叉類別成員是一名領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者時,在組織成功或組織失敗時,對藏族女性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的評價是否存在交叉分類效應(yīng)。實(shí)驗(yàn)3中,研究通過向讓被試呈現(xiàn)混合性別工作團(tuán)隊成員的民族、性別等信息,讓被試對混合性別團(tuán)隊中兩名成員的整體能力和工資水平進(jìn)行評估,研究當(dāng)交叉類別成員是普通員工時,對藏族女性的評價存在交叉分類效應(yīng)。結(jié)果表明,藏族女性對群體的貢獻(xiàn)更容易被忽視(實(shí)驗(yàn)1);當(dāng)交叉類別成員是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者時,藏族女性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者與漢族男性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者相比獲得更公正的評價,而相對占優(yōu)勢的漢族女性或藏族男性卻受到更多的批評(實(shí)驗(yàn)2)。當(dāng)交叉類別成員作為普通員工時,漢族男性與漢族女性工作團(tuán)隊中出現(xiàn)對女性貢獻(xiàn)的貶低,而藏族女性與男性作為搭檔時,對她們的貶低不明顯(實(shí)驗(yàn)3)。綜上,實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了交叉分類效應(yīng)不只是在西方文化背景下顯著存在,同時在中國文化背景中也是存在的。并證明交叉類別群體成員無論是作為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者還是作為普通員工,對他們的評價不符合“雙重負(fù)擔(dān)理論”所說的因?yàn)樗麄兊姆堑湫吞卣鞫馐艿劫H損,也不符合社會優(yōu)勢理論認(rèn)為的由于他們的非典型性,使他們避免了針對典型性成員的歧視與偏見;但符合交叉分類效應(yīng),藏族女性的經(jīng)歷是復(fù)雜且獨(dú)特的,對藏族女性的評價不僅受到他們自身社會類別的影響,也受到其他多種因素的綜合影響。
[Abstract]:Cross classification refers to between two groups of intergroup bias, according to two or more dimensions to re divide groups. Cross classification effect is proposed in Valerie cross research, also known as cross category group members are ignored, he believes that cross category members experience a unique form of discrimination that is, the group members to avoid discrimination and prejudice against the typical group members, at the same time because people ignore the cross category, group members must work harder to be noticed or recognized. This study based on the previous research, explores the China in cultural background, whether there is cross classification effect in this paper, Han individuals as subjects, research on Cross groups evaluation of Tibetan women whether there is cross classification effect, contains a total of 3 experiments. Experiment 1 used in the study of multiple classification society The commonly used "who said what" paradigm study under what conditions and what social class is more likely to be ignored. To test subjects were presented with an audio material, subjects were asked to complete the "who said what" to explore the task. Compared with other social categories, Tibetan female words and their contribution to in the group can be correctly understood. To investigate the effect of cross classification in general conditions. On the basis of Experiment 2 and 3 through the creation of different situations, to explore whether cross classification effect exists in different situations. In Experiment 2, the subjects by understanding the leader of the nation, gender and organizational performance information with the cross, class member leadership and evaluate the degree of leadership characteristics. Study on when cross category members is a leader in the organization, the success or failure of the organization, the leader of Tibetan women Whether the cross classification effects of evaluation. In Experiment 3, through the research to let present subjects with mixed gender team members of ethnic, gender and other information, let the participants of the two members of the team's overall ability of mixed gender and wage level assessment study when cross category members is the general staff, there is cross classification effect evaluation on Tibetan women. The results show that the contribution of women to the Tibetan population is more likely to be ignored (Experiment 1); when the cross member is class leader, the leader and the leader of the Tibetan female male Han compared evaluation more fair, and relatively dominant Han female or male Tibetan has been more criticism (Experiment 2). When cross category members as ordinary employees, the contribution of women to appear in men of Han nationality and Han women work team, and Tibetan women and men as a partner, to her The down is not obvious (Experiment 3). The experiment proves that the cross classification effect is not only in the background of western culture is significant, but also exists in the Chinese cultural background. And that cross category group members either as a leader or as ordinary employees, their evaluation does not conform to the double burden the theory of "because of their atypical features and suffered derogatory, does not conform to that social dominance theory due to atypical them, so that they can avoid discrimination and prejudice against the typical members; but with the cross classification effect, the Tibetan female experience is complex and unique, evaluation of Tibetan women is not only affected by the their own social categories, also affected by other factors.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：C912.6

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1 馬秀鳳;交叉分類對藏族女性評價的影響[D];西北師范大學(xué);2015年

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本文編號：1505418