本文關(guān)鍵詞： 農(nóng)村留守婦女 社會性別 婦女發(fā)展 社會性別主流化　出處：《暨南大學》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著工業(yè)化與城市化進程的逐步加快和戶籍制度的松動,大量的農(nóng)村勞動力從農(nóng)業(yè)中分離出來,持續(xù)涌向城市。在農(nóng)村勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移過程中出現(xiàn)了一定的性別規(guī)律,男性流動多于女性,女性的婚前流動多于婚后,因而在農(nóng)村勞動力尤其是男性勞動力大量外出的農(nóng)村產(chǎn)生了“留守婦女”這一特殊群體,她們承擔了幾乎全部的家務勞動和農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)勞動,還有教育子女、照料老人的責任,承受著與丈夫長年兩地分居的孤寂,多重角色的扮演加重了留守婦女的生活和心理負擔,而她們在個人發(fā)展方面的空間卻依然狹小。 在漫長的經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展過程中,社會文化給予了男性、女性不同的角色期待。受這種性別觀念對男女在勞動分工和受教育機會等方面的不同影響,加之城鄉(xiāng)二元體制下戶籍制度以及勞動力市場對農(nóng)村居民尤其是婦女在分享社會發(fā)展成果的限制,都導致了留守婦女艱難的生存狀況。但從另一方面來說,留守狀況也給婦女自身發(fā)展帶來了機遇,比如提高自己在家庭中的地位、獲得更多的參與社會活動的機會、有更多的學習培訓機會等等。社會性別理論的最終目的是要實現(xiàn)男女的平等發(fā)展,從而推動社會的公平公正,社會性別主流化即將社會性別意識納入社會發(fā)展和決策的主流化,通過各類社會制度、社會政策、社會組織的努力來實現(xiàn)男女平等這一目標。本文通過現(xiàn)有文獻數(shù)據(jù)說明農(nóng)村留守婦女在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)家庭生活中面臨的各種困難,運用社會性別理論分析造成農(nóng)村留守婦女承受諸多壓力的歷史文化原因、社會制度因素以及自身在接受教育方面所受到的限制,并以新農(nóng)村建設(shè)及和諧社會建設(shè)為契機,結(jié)合農(nóng)村留守婦女面臨的發(fā)展機遇,運用社會性別主流化的觀點探討公共政策改善這一群體生存狀況的必要性,提出相應的對策建議。
[Abstract]:With the gradual acceleration of industrialization and urbanization and the loosening of the household registration system, a large number of rural labor force is separated from agriculture. In the process of rural labor force transfer, there is a certain gender law, male mobility is more than female, female premarital mobility is more than after marriage. Thus, in the rural areas where the rural labor force, especially the male labor force, goes out in large numbers, there is a special group of "left-behind women", who undertake almost all the domestic work and agricultural production work, as well as the education of their children. The responsibility of caring for the elderly bears the loneliness of living apart from her husband for many years. The role of multiple roles increases the living and psychological burden of the women left behind, but their space for personal development is still narrow. In the long process of economic and social development, social culture gives men and women different roles to look forward to. In addition, the household registration system under the urban-rural dual system and the labor market restrictions on rural residents, especially women in sharing the fruits of social development, have led to the difficult living conditions of left-behind women, but on the other hand. Left-behind status also brings opportunities for women to develop themselves, such as improving their status in the family and gaining more opportunities to participate in social activities. The ultimate goal of gender theory is to achieve the equal development of men and women, thereby promoting social equity and justice. Gender mainstreaming is the mainstreaming of gender awareness into social development and decision-making, through various social systems, social policies. Social organizations work to achieve the goal of equality between men and women. This paper through the existing literature and data to illustrate the rural women left behind in the agricultural production of family life facing various difficulties. Using the theory of gender to analyze the historical and cultural reasons, social system factors and their own limitations in access to education, which caused the rural women left behind to bear a lot of pressure. And take the new countryside construction and the harmonious society construction as the opportunity, unifies the rural women who stay behind the development opportunity, uses the social gender mainstreaming viewpoint to discuss the public policy to improve this group survival condition necessity. The corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：暨南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C913.68

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 張培;王嘯林;許馨元;;中原經(jīng)濟區(qū)建設(shè)中農(nóng)村留守婦女的權(quán)益保護研究及對策[J];企業(yè)導報;2012年15期

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本文編號：1475677