【摘要】：20世紀(jì)50年代末,日本在戰(zhàn)后經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù)的基礎(chǔ)上,創(chuàng)建了“國(guó)民皆保險(xiǎn)”體制。老人作為被撫養(yǎng)者或家屬加入雇傭者醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)和國(guó)民健康保險(xiǎn),從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了老人醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)的全覆蓋。之后,乘著經(jīng)濟(jì)高速增長(zhǎng)的快車(chē),日本老人醫(yī)療保障制度發(fā)展迅速,1973年創(chuàng)建“老人醫(yī)療免費(fèi)制度”與“高額醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度”。但好景不長(zhǎng),在日本國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速放緩、西方社會(huì)保障制度改革的大背景下,為解決老人醫(yī)療費(fèi)用高漲、政府財(cái)政危機(jī),以及應(yīng)對(duì)少子老齡化問(wèn)題。80、90年代開(kāi)始了老人醫(yī)療保障制度的改革,1982年創(chuàng)建“老人保健制度”,廢除免費(fèi)醫(yī)療,1984年創(chuàng)設(shè)“退職者醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度”,雖暫時(shí)遏制了高速上漲的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用,但固有的代際負(fù)擔(dān)不均問(wèn)題仍未解決,改革仍在繼續(xù)。21世紀(jì)初,日本創(chuàng)建新的高齡者醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度,將75歲以上老人獨(dú)立出來(lái)建立單獨(dú)的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度,并創(chuàng)設(shè)前期高齡者財(cái)政調(diào)整制度,這一改革解決了困擾日本政府的老人醫(yī)療財(cái)源問(wèn)題,維護(hù)了現(xiàn)行醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度的正常運(yùn)行。日本老人醫(yī)療保障制度建設(shè)方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與教訓(xùn)對(duì)于同處于儒家文化圈的中國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō),具有極大的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:In the late 1950s, Japan established the "all-Nation Insurance" system on the basis of postwar economic recovery. The elderly, as dependents or dependents, join the employment medical insurance and the national health insurance, thus realizing the full coverage of the medical insurance for the elderly. Later, with the rapid economic growth, the medical security system for the elderly in Japan developed rapidly. In 1973, the "free medical care system for the elderly" and the "high medical insurance system" were established. However, in the context of Japan's slowing domestic economic growth rate and the reform of the western social security system, in order to solve the financial crisis of the government in order to solve the high medical costs for the elderly, The reform of medical security system for the elderly began in the 1980s and 1990s. In 1982, the "health care system for the elderly" was established, the free medical care system was abolished, and the "medical insurance system for former employees" was created in 1984. Although the rapidly rising medical costs have been temporarily curbed, the inherent problem of unequal intergenerational burdens remains unresolved and the reform continues. In the early 2000s, Japan established a new medical insurance system for the elderly. The independent establishment of a separate medical insurance system and the establishment of a financial adjustment system for the elderly in the early years of life have solved the problem of the source of medical care for the elderly, which has plagued the Japanese government. We have maintained the normal operation of the current medical insurance system. The experiences and lessons in the construction of medical security system for the elderly in Japan are of great significance to China, which is also in the Confucian culture circle.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R199

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前8條

1 藤田桂子;中日老年社會(huì)保障問(wèn)題比較[J];中國(guó)工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì);2000年10期

2 趙立新,周秀芹;日本的老年保健制度[J];國(guó)外醫(yī)學(xué)(社會(huì)醫(yī)學(xué)分冊(cè));2002年04期

3 李蓮花;;醫(yī)療保障制度發(fā)展的“東亞道路”:中日韓全民醫(yī)保政策比較[J];河南師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2010年01期

4 裴桂芬;劉光輝;宋萌;;2008年度日本經(jīng)濟(jì)財(cái)政白皮書(shū)述評(píng)[J];日本問(wèn)題研究;2009年01期

5 崔巖;戰(zhàn)后日本社會(huì)保障制度的發(fā)展及其啟示[J];日本研究;1997年02期

6 吳昊;人口老齡化對(duì)日本經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響[J];人口學(xué)刊;1999年01期

7 郭麗;;中日人口老齡化的差異及對(duì)策思考[J];上海理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2011年02期

8 許春淑;;日本高齡者醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度的分析及啟示[J];天津商業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2010年02期

，

本文編號(hào)：2361497