【摘要】：近年來,我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展取得了令人矚目的成就,但是行業(yè)結構布局不合理和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展嚴重不平衡的問題日益顯現(xiàn),行業(yè)居民收入差距持續(xù)擴大的現(xiàn)象也逐漸引起人們廣泛的關注。持續(xù)擴大的行業(yè)收入差距問題對我國經(jīng)濟社會的全面持續(xù)健康發(fā)展有很大的負面影響,會扭曲各種生產(chǎn)要素的資源配置,弱化我國社會經(jīng)濟基礎產(chǎn)業(yè)布局,最終會影響全面建設小康社會戰(zhàn)略的有效實施。本文首先界定了行業(yè)收入、行業(yè)收入差距的相關概念,闡述了行業(yè)收入差距的影響因素,從多種理論出發(fā)對行業(yè)收入差距影響因素進行分析。其次,對行業(yè)收入差距的主要度量指標進行了簡要介紹,并采用極值比、基尼系數(shù)、泰爾指數(shù)對行業(yè)收入差距進行了度量,使用1978-2012年我國行業(yè)收入極值比、基尼系數(shù)和泰爾指數(shù)考察了我國行業(yè)收入差距的影響因素及變化趨勢。再次,本文對財政政策調節(jié)行業(yè)收入差距的作用機理進行了分析,利用2003-2012年間我國省際面板數(shù)據(jù)實證研究了人力資本性、轉移性支出和稅收政策對行業(yè)間收入差距的調節(jié)作用,研究結果表明人力資本性的財政支出并沒有有效地縮小我國行業(yè)收入差距,政府的轉移性支付包括社會保障和就業(yè)支出能夠有效地降低行業(yè)收入差距,稅收政策對縮小我國行業(yè)收入差距也具有顯著作用,比較發(fā)現(xiàn)通過政府的社會保障和就業(yè)支出項目對調節(jié)行業(yè)收入差距的效果要優(yōu)于稅收手段,而經(jīng)濟開放、國有化、政府對經(jīng)濟活動的參與、現(xiàn)階段的經(jīng)濟增長、產(chǎn)業(yè)結構升級等都是拉大我國行業(yè)收入差距的重要因素。最后,針對上述分析,提出了政策建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's economic development has made remarkable achievements, but the problems of irrational layout of industry structure and serious imbalance of economic development have become increasingly apparent. Industry income gap continues to expand the phenomenon has gradually aroused widespread concern. The sustained expansion of the industry income gap has a great negative impact on the overall sustainable and healthy development of China's economy and society, distorts the allocation of resources of various factors of production, and weakens the industrial layout of China's social and economic base. Finally, it will affect the effective implementation of the strategy of building a well-off society in an all-round way. This paper first defines the related concepts of industry income and industry income gap, expounds the influencing factors of industry income gap, and analyzes the influencing factors of industry income gap from various theories. Secondly, the paper briefly introduces the main measures of industry income gap, and uses extreme value ratio, Gini coefficient and Thiel index to measure the industry income gap, using the industry income extreme value ratio from 1978 to 2012. Gini coefficient and Thiel index examine the influencing factors and changing trend of industry income gap in China. Thirdly, this paper analyzes the mechanism of fiscal policy to adjust the income gap of industry, and empirically studies the effect of human capital, transfer expenditure and tax policy on the adjustment of income gap between industries by using inter-provincial panel data from 2003 to 2012. The results show that the financial expenditure of human capital has not effectively reduced the income gap of industry in China, and the transfer payment of the government, including social security and employment expenditure, can effectively reduce the income gap in the industry. Tax policy also plays a significant role in narrowing the income gap in China's industries. It is found that the effect of the government's social security and employment expenditure projects on adjusting the income gap in the industry is better than that of tax means, while the economy is open and nationalized. The participation of the government in economic activities, the economic growth at the present stage, and the upgrading of industrial structure are all important factors for widening the income gap in China's industries. Finally, in view of the above analysis, put forward the policy recommendations.
【學位授予單位】：湖南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F124.7

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