【摘要】：當前的中國經濟增長整體放緩,消費、投資和進出口對于經濟增長的拉動作用越來越弱,經濟增長正在尋求新方向。“供給側改革”為中國經濟增長指明了方向。在“供給側改革”的人口供給方面,人口素質的提升至關重要。十三五之后,中國進入全面二孩時代。全面放開二胎生育,主要目的在于提高生育率水平,優(yōu)化人口結構,緩解人口老齡化。在此基礎上,對于人口素質的提升也會起到促進作用。因而,在中國經濟尋求新的增長點和全面放開二孩的背景下,研究人口素質及其影響因素十分必要。本文構建了人口素質評價指標體系,包含評價人口素質的直接指標和間接指標,建立人口素質評價模型。從教育因素,科學技術、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生和社會保障因素,經濟因素三個方面入手,利用因子分析方法對吉林省人口素質水平及其影響因素進行差異分析。對于吉林省而言,提高人口素質主要應從教育因素方面入手,其次是科學技術、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、社會保障因素和經濟因素。運用數(shù)據(jù)包絡分析研究教育投入水平對于人口素質的提高所產生的效率。通過聚類分析將吉林省各個地區(qū)根據(jù)人口素質水平分為三類,分別為人口素質高質量區(qū)、人口素質中質量區(qū)和人口素質低質量區(qū)。并將這三類進行對比,分析各類地區(qū)的特點。本文的主要創(chuàng)新之處在于建立的人口素質指標體系不僅包含了“三要素”論的內容,同時也加入了其他對于人口素質會產生影響的因素,使得指標體系更全面和客觀。本文的研究結論可以為吉林省各級政府制定社會發(fā)展方面的政策提供科學的依據(jù)和參考。
[Abstract]:China's overall economic growth is slowing, with consumption, investment, and imports and exports playing a weaker role in driving growth, which is seeking a new direction. Supply-side reform has pointed out the direction of China's economic growth. In the aspect of supply-side reform, the improvement of population quality is very important. After the Thirteenth five-year Plan, China entered a full-scale two-child age. The main purpose of opening up the second child is to improve the fertility rate, optimize the population structure and ease the aging of the population. On this basis, the promotion of the quality of the population will also play a role. Therefore, it is necessary to study the population quality and its influencing factors under the background of seeking new growth points and opening up the second child in an all-round way. In this paper, a population quality evaluation index system is constructed, which includes direct and indirect indicators to evaluate population quality, and a population quality evaluation model is established. From three aspects of education, science and technology, medical and health care, social security and economic factors, this paper analyzes the difference of population quality level and its influencing factors in Jilin Province by using factor analysis method. For Jilin Province, the improvement of population quality should be mainly from the aspects of education, followed by science and technology, medical and health care, social security and economic factors. Data envelopment analysis is used to study the efficiency of education investment level on the improvement of population quality. According to the level of population quality, each region of Jilin Province can be divided into three types by cluster analysis, namely, high quality area of population quality, middle quality area of population quality and low quality area of population quality. And the comparison of these three types of analysis of the characteristics of various regions. The main innovation of this paper lies in the fact that the index system of population quality not only contains the content of "three elements" theory, but also adds other factors that will influence the quality of population, which makes the index system more comprehensive and objective. The conclusions of this paper can provide scientific basis and reference for the governments at all levels in Jilin Province to formulate social development policies.
【學位授予單位】：吉林財經大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C924.2

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本文編號：2207212