錫林郭勒盟生態(tài)移民的困境與對策思考
[Abstract]:Ecological migration project has a strong policy guidance, involving a wide range of strong influence, it can be said that ecological migration reflects the complex relationship between man and person, between man and society, between man and nature, between generations and between generations. The Xilingol League is located in the north of China and in the central part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous region. It is a typical arid and semi-arid grassland area in northern China and is rich in grassland types. As a result of climate change and unreasonable human activities in land use, the ecological environment of Inner Mongolia grassland has been seriously degraded. Degraded grasslands and wasteland have become the main source of sandstorms in the north. A number of large-scale sandstorms around 2000 have made people aware of the consequences of environmental degradation in the north, Therefore, the central and local governments started Beijing-Tianjin sand-source area management and other projects. As of 2012, Xilingol League has transferred 225000 ecological migrants. After the transfer, the herdsmen's mode of production and lifestyle have changed greatly, and the problems encountered are diverse and complex. The living conditions of migrants, the employment situation, the educational status of their children, the resettlement and social security of migrant groups, whether there are positive changes in the adaptation and cultural status of migrants after the relocation, and whether government policies have achieved the desired objectives, Whether the resettlement of the government meets the needs of immigrants needs further study. Based on the definition of the nature of ecological migration in the Xilingol League, this paper combs the theoretical basis of ecological migration, summarizes the relevant studies at home and abroad, and analyzes the characteristics of ecological migration in the Xilingol League, which provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent research. This paper attempts to clarify the impact of policy changes on immigrants since the implementation of the ecological migration project in Xilingol League. Through the case study of the author's many visits to the Xilingol League, the problems faced by ecological migrants in the process of resettlement are sorted out. Drawing lessons from the experience of other regions, combining with theoretical guidance and practical analysis, we have a deeper understanding of the resettlement mechanism and compensation mechanism of ecological migrants, that is, on the basis of the basic protection and complete compensation of ecological migrants. Consumption compensation can not make ecological migrants get sustainable development. Ability poverty is an important factor restricting the development of ecological migrants. Therefore, this paper focuses on how to guarantee the sustainable development of ecological migrants, and puts forward some countermeasures from the perspective of policy support and placement. From the aspects of poverty, education, employment, social security and culture of immigrants, this paper puts forward the difficulties and solutions faced by ecological immigrants in Xilingul League, and puts forward some ideas to improve the efficiency of compensation for ecological migrants in Xilingol League. This paper puts forward some thoughts on the construction of the operational mechanism of grassland ecological migration, and prospects the development of ecological migration and grassland ecological migration project in Xilinguole League.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:湖北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類號】:D632.4
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