農(nóng)民工市民化進程中社會公正實現(xiàn)研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-22 14:11
【摘要】：農(nóng)民工是伴隨著我國現(xiàn)代化進程以及市場經(jīng)濟進程而不斷發(fā)展壯大的特殊社會群體。在全面建成小康社會成為重大的時代議題,社會公正問題成為我國社會各階層廣泛關(guān)注的重大問題的時代背景下,妥善解決農(nóng)民工市民化進程中出現(xiàn)的不公正社會問題顯得尤為迫切和重要。本文在梳理以人為本理論、社會公平理論、和諧社會理論以及城鎮(zhèn)化理論等理論的基礎(chǔ)上,系統(tǒng)分析農(nóng)民工市民化進程中社會公正實現(xiàn)方面所取得的成就、存在的問題以及問題出現(xiàn)的原因,進而提出農(nóng)民工市民化進程中社會公正的實現(xiàn)策略,其目的是給農(nóng)民工實現(xiàn)向產(chǎn)業(yè)工人和城市市民的職業(yè)和身份上的雙重轉(zhuǎn)變提供強大的理論指導(dǎo)。當(dāng)越來越多的農(nóng)村剩余勞動力涌入城市尋找生機,農(nóng)民工市民化提上日程。當(dāng)前農(nóng)民工市民化進程中社會公正實現(xiàn)方面所取得的成就主要包括以下三點：就業(yè)培訓(xùn)及創(chuàng)業(yè)培訓(xùn)政策扶持和優(yōu)惠力度不斷加強；有限度地允許農(nóng)民工在城鎮(zhèn)落戶；允許農(nóng)民工隨遷子女異地參加中考和高考等。但是農(nóng)民工市民化過程中仍然存在一些不公正社會現(xiàn)象和問題,突出表現(xiàn)為“敞開城門、分設(shè)門檻”的市民化歧視政策依然存在；農(nóng)民工政治權(quán)利訴求難以得到重視；農(nóng)民工文化生活匱乏；農(nóng)民工難以享受到城市基本公共服務(wù)；農(nóng)民工居住環(huán)境不宜居等。阻礙我國農(nóng)民工市民化進程中社會公正實現(xiàn)的原因主要來自以下四個方面：城鄉(xiāng)二元經(jīng)濟體制下我國城鄉(xiāng)間經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平不均衡；我國長期實行城鄉(xiāng)二元戶籍管理制度對農(nóng)民工落戶城鎮(zhèn)造成了桎梏；農(nóng)民工普遍職業(yè)技能水平不高,缺乏市場競爭力；來自社會的歧視導(dǎo)致農(nóng)民工無法實現(xiàn)市民融入。農(nóng)民工市民化進程中社會公正實現(xiàn)的目標,是在實現(xiàn)農(nóng)民工及整個家庭的學(xué)有所教、勞有所得、病有所醫(yī)、老有所養(yǎng)、住有所居基礎(chǔ)上保障農(nóng)民工平等享有經(jīng)濟、政治、文化、社會以及生態(tài)權(quán)利。在農(nóng)民工市民化進程中社會公正實現(xiàn)過程中必須堅持四個基本原則,即必須始終堅持以循序漸進推動農(nóng)民工市民化進程,實現(xiàn)全社會安定有序為準則；以保障農(nóng)民工各項基本權(quán)益為主；以各機關(guān)、組織相互配合,整體聯(lián)動為輔；以政策體制體系支持為配合。農(nóng)民工市民化進程中社會公正實現(xiàn)的路徑選擇主要包括放寬城鎮(zhèn)落戶條件,深化戶籍制度改革；完善社會管理制度、方式和手段,提升政府公共服務(wù)能力；深化我國勞動用工體制,鼓勵農(nóng)民工就近就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)；加強農(nóng)民工教育和培訓(xùn),提高農(nóng)民工核心競爭力；樹立和增強農(nóng)民工市民化的社會認同和心理認同。
[Abstract]:Migrant workers are a special social group with the process of modernization and market economy. Building a well-off society in an all-round way has become a major topic of the times, and social justice has become a major issue of concern to all sectors of our society. It is urgent and important to properly solve the unjust social problems in the process of peasant workers'citizenship. Based on the theories of people-oriented theory, social equity theory, harmonious society theory and urbanization theory, this paper systematically analyzes the achievements in the realization of social justice in the process of peasant workers' urbanization. The existing problems and the causes of the problems, and then put forward the realization strategy of social justice in the process of migrant workers' citizenship. The purpose is to provide strong theoretical guidance for migrant workers to realize the dual transformation to the occupation and identity of industrial workers and urban citizens. As more and more rural surplus labor force flocked to the city in search of life, the urbanization of migrant workers was put on the agenda. The achievements in the realization of social justice in the process of urbanization of migrant workers mainly include the following three points: employment training and entrepreneurial training policy support and preferential strength is constantly strengthened, limited migrant workers are allowed to settle in cities and towns; Migrant workers are allowed to move their children to participate in the entrance examination and college entrance examination and so on. However, there are still some unfair social phenomena and problems in the process of peasant workers' citizenship, which is characterized by the discrimination policy of "opening the city door and setting up the threshold", and the difficulty of paying attention to the political rights of migrant workers. Migrant workers lack of cultural life; migrant workers can not enjoy the basic urban public services; migrant workers living environment is not suitable to live in, and so on. The main reasons for hindering the realization of social justice in the process of urbanization of migrant workers in our country come from the following four aspects: the level of economic development between urban and rural areas is not balanced under the dual economic system of urban and rural areas; The long-term implementation of urban and rural dual household registration management system has created shackles for migrant workers to settle in towns; the general level of vocational skills of migrant workers is not high, lack of market competitiveness; discrimination from the society leads to migrant workers unable to realize the integration of citizens. The goal of social justice realization in the process of peasant workers' citizenship is to ensure that migrant workers have equal access to economy, politics and culture on the basis of education, income, sickness, security and living. Social and ecological rights In the process of realizing the social justice of migrant workers, we must adhere to four basic principles, that is, we must always adhere to the principle of gradually promoting the process of peasant workers' citizenship and realizing the stability and order of the whole society. In order to protect the basic rights and interests of migrant workers, organizations and organizations cooperate with each other, the overall linkage is complementary, and the support of the policy system is the cooperation. The path choice to realize the social justice in the process of peasant workers' citizenship mainly includes relaxing the conditions of settling down in cities and towns, deepening the reform of the household registration system, perfecting the social management system, ways and means, and improving the government's public service ability. We should deepen the labor and employment system of our country, encourage migrant workers to take up employment and start businesses nearby; strengthen the education and training of migrant workers, improve the core competitiveness of migrant workers; and establish and strengthen the social and psychological identity of migrant workers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D412.6;D631.42
本文編號：2137719
[Abstract]:Migrant workers are a special social group with the process of modernization and market economy. Building a well-off society in an all-round way has become a major topic of the times, and social justice has become a major issue of concern to all sectors of our society. It is urgent and important to properly solve the unjust social problems in the process of peasant workers'citizenship. Based on the theories of people-oriented theory, social equity theory, harmonious society theory and urbanization theory, this paper systematically analyzes the achievements in the realization of social justice in the process of peasant workers' urbanization. The existing problems and the causes of the problems, and then put forward the realization strategy of social justice in the process of migrant workers' citizenship. The purpose is to provide strong theoretical guidance for migrant workers to realize the dual transformation to the occupation and identity of industrial workers and urban citizens. As more and more rural surplus labor force flocked to the city in search of life, the urbanization of migrant workers was put on the agenda. The achievements in the realization of social justice in the process of urbanization of migrant workers mainly include the following three points: employment training and entrepreneurial training policy support and preferential strength is constantly strengthened, limited migrant workers are allowed to settle in cities and towns; Migrant workers are allowed to move their children to participate in the entrance examination and college entrance examination and so on. However, there are still some unfair social phenomena and problems in the process of peasant workers' citizenship, which is characterized by the discrimination policy of "opening the city door and setting up the threshold", and the difficulty of paying attention to the political rights of migrant workers. Migrant workers lack of cultural life; migrant workers can not enjoy the basic urban public services; migrant workers living environment is not suitable to live in, and so on. The main reasons for hindering the realization of social justice in the process of urbanization of migrant workers in our country come from the following four aspects: the level of economic development between urban and rural areas is not balanced under the dual economic system of urban and rural areas; The long-term implementation of urban and rural dual household registration management system has created shackles for migrant workers to settle in towns; the general level of vocational skills of migrant workers is not high, lack of market competitiveness; discrimination from the society leads to migrant workers unable to realize the integration of citizens. The goal of social justice realization in the process of peasant workers' citizenship is to ensure that migrant workers have equal access to economy, politics and culture on the basis of education, income, sickness, security and living. Social and ecological rights In the process of realizing the social justice of migrant workers, we must adhere to four basic principles, that is, we must always adhere to the principle of gradually promoting the process of peasant workers' citizenship and realizing the stability and order of the whole society. In order to protect the basic rights and interests of migrant workers, organizations and organizations cooperate with each other, the overall linkage is complementary, and the support of the policy system is the cooperation. The path choice to realize the social justice in the process of peasant workers' citizenship mainly includes relaxing the conditions of settling down in cities and towns, deepening the reform of the household registration system, perfecting the social management system, ways and means, and improving the government's public service ability. We should deepen the labor and employment system of our country, encourage migrant workers to take up employment and start businesses nearby; strengthen the education and training of migrant workers, improve the core competitiveness of migrant workers; and establish and strengthen the social and psychological identity of migrant workers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D412.6;D631.42
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，本文編號：2137719
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