本文選題：老年人虐待 + 老年人權益�。� 參考：《吉林大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：最近幾年，不論是在新聞報道中，，還是在網(wǎng)絡熱帖中，經(jīng)�？梢钥吹讲恍⒆优合�、養(yǎng)老機構工作人員等虐待老年人事件的發(fā)生，老年人的晚年生活和尊嚴無法得到保障。這些虐待老年人行為已經(jīng)不僅僅是個簡單的侵權民事案件，它從側面反映出我國的養(yǎng)老保障的問題和缺陷，是家庭養(yǎng)老照顧壓力和社會競爭的工作壓力等矛盾沖突激化的外在表現(xiàn)。 虐待老年人是個世界性的社會問題，聯(lián)合國和世界衛(wèi)生組織早就將虐待老年人問題作為一個人權問題來進行研究和治理，各國也通過本國立法來保障老年人消除虐待現(xiàn)象。而且老年人虐待問題的形態(tài)多種多樣：可以是無形的，比如照顧者的謾罵、侮辱；可以是有形的，比如身體侵害、財產(chǎn)侵占，所以在現(xiàn)實中，虐待事件的發(fā)生往往出于多種原因并呈現(xiàn)出多種情形混雜的情況。我國在虐待老年人問題上的立法政策等方面戰(zhàn)略布局，慢于其他國家歐美和亞洲國家，國家沒有有效的措施制度來預防和處理虐待老年人，應對日益嚴峻的虐待老年人形勢。總之，老年人虐待問題不僅僅是個人權利受到侵害的問題，而且是和諧社會中弱勢群體保護的問題，還是法律體系的缺陷、社會保障安定乃至國家民族未來的長遠問題，具有極其重要的價值。 鑒于問題的嚴重性、復雜性和重要性，筆者在本文中將采用資料分析法、案例分析法和比較綜合分析法來研究當代中國虐待老年人問題，主要內容包括概念分類、現(xiàn)實原因分析及虐老防治機制。本文將分為四部分進行論述： 文章一開始，筆者通過介紹國家級數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計，來顯示我國老年人虐待問題的現(xiàn)狀及其嚴重性，緊接著就用5個案例來反映問題的復雜性，再通過一些論述來說明問題研究的必要性，進而引出本文的話題。 在文章的第一部分，主要是介紹老年人虐待的概念定義及其特點和老年人虐待的不同類型及其內涵表現(xiàn)形式，這樣就可以做到約束老年人虐待問題的內涵和外延。 在第二部分，主要介紹世界范圍內的老年人虐待理論和防治實踐的經(jīng)驗。在防治實踐部分，重點介紹了對我國虐老防治工作有借鑒和警示作用的五個國家，即美國、澳大利亞、韓國、日本、新加坡。 在第三部分，筆者結合國內外的研究以及中國的現(xiàn)實國情，認為老年人虐待發(fā)生的原因就是個人因素和外在社會條件互相影響的后果。緊接著，筆者從古今對比和理論的角度，來一一闡釋和說明每個影響因素是如何導致虐待老年人行為的發(fā)生。 在第四部分，筆者基于上述的現(xiàn)實原因分析和認識，提出要建立一套包括國家、社會、家庭參與在內的綜合防治機制，也就是從事先預防決策、事中識別干預、事后處理補救的虐待老年人事件的多方反應機制。該機制以預防為主、善后為輔作為原則，以重建孝道、制定法律、加大政策扶持、提高社會保障水平、做好社會監(jiān)督、創(chuàng)建識別強制報告制度以及公權干預機制、提出救治庇護制度等方法，來實現(xiàn)老年人權益的全方面保護，促使虐老防治工作落到實處，形成良好的社會效果。
[Abstract]:In recent years, whether in the news reports or in the network hot posts, it is often seen that the unfilial children, their daughter-in-law, and the staff of the pension institutions have been abused by the elderly, and the old life and dignity of the elderly can not be guaranteed. These abuses are not only a simple tort civil case, but it is from the side. It reflects the problems and defects of the old-age security in China, and it is an external manifestation of the intensification of the conflict between family care pressure and the pressure of social competition.
The abuse of elderly people is a worldwide social problem. The United Nations and the WHO have long been studying and harnessing the problem of elder abuse as a human rights issue. Countries have also passed their own legislation to ensure the elimination of maltreatment by the elderly. And the forms of elder abuse are varied: it can be invisible, such as The abuse and insult of the caretaker can be tangible, such as physical aggression and property encroachment, so in reality, the occurrence of abuses often comes from a variety of reasons and presents a variety of situations. The strategic layout of our country's legislative policy on the problem of elder abuse is slower than the other countries, Europe, America, and the Asian countries. There is a system of effective measures to prevent and deal with the abuse of the elderly and to deal with the increasingly severe situation of ill treatment of the elderly. In a word, the problem of elder abuse is not only the problem of the infringement of individual rights, but also the protection of the vulnerable groups in a harmonious society, the defect of the legal system, the stability of social security and the future of the nation's nation. The long-term problem is of great value.
In view of the seriousness, complexity and importance of the problem, the author will use the method of data analysis, case analysis and comparative comprehensive analysis to study the problem of elder abuse in contemporary China. The main contents include the classification of concepts, the analysis of the actual causes and the mechanism of the prevention and treatment of old people. This article will be divided into four parts:
At the beginning of this article, by introducing national data statistics, the author shows the status and seriousness of the problem of elder abuse in our country. Then, we use 5 cases to reflect the complexity of the problem, and then explain the necessity of the problem through some discussion, and then lead to the topic of this paper.
In the first part of the article, it mainly introduces the definition and characteristics of elder abuse, the different types of elder abuse and its connotative forms, so that the connotation and extension of the problem of elder abuse can be restrained.
In the second part, the author mainly introduces the experience of the theory of elder abuse and the practice of prevention and treatment in the world. In the part of the prevention and control practice, it focuses on five countries, namely, the United States, Australia, Korea, Japan, and new slope, which have a reference and warning role to the prevention and control of old age in China.
In the third part, the author combines the domestic and foreign research as well as the actual conditions of China. The author thinks that the reasons for the abuse of the elderly are the consequences of the mutual influence between the individual and the external social conditions. Then, the author explains and illustrates how each influence factors lead to the abuse of old people from the perspective of ancient and modern contrast and theory. It happened.
In the fourth part, based on the analysis and understanding of the practical reasons mentioned above, the author proposes to establish a comprehensive mechanism of prevention and control including the state, the society and the family participation, which is the multi-party response mechanism that is engaged in the prevention and treatment of the old people after the prevention of decision-making, the identification of intervention in the event and the subsequent treatment of remedies. As a principle, in order to rebuild filial piety, make law, strengthen policy support, improve social security level, do well social supervision, establish a system of identifying compulsory report and public right intervention mechanism, put forward the method of curing asylum to realize all aspects of protection of the rights and interests of the elderly, and promote the prevention and treatment of old people to come true, and form a good social effect. Fruit.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D669.6

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