發(fā)布時間：2018-05-11 15:12

  本文選題：晉中市 + 農(nóng)村社會保障　； 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今社會,社會保障占有極其重要的地位,它不僅是公民實(shí)現(xiàn)生存權(quán)利以及其他人權(quán)的先決條件,是全體社會成員共享社會發(fā)展成果的重要渠道,也是社會實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展、維護(hù)社會穩(wěn)定的重要支柱。農(nóng)村社會保障作為保障制度的重要核心組成部分,它發(fā)展的健康與否,直接關(guān)系到社會保障的成敗,關(guān)系到中國近9億農(nóng)民的生存狀況。所以,建立一個系統(tǒng)、科學(xué)的農(nóng)村社會保障體系變得尤為重要。在這個體系中,農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度、新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度、農(nóng)村社會保障制度的建設(shè)成為核心的核心。 山西作為我國經(jīng)濟(jì)欠發(fā)達(dá)的內(nèi)陸省份,由于受主客觀因素的影響(自然環(huán)境、地理環(huán)境、歷史因素、傳統(tǒng)文化觀念等),農(nóng)村社會保障制度的發(fā)展一直受到嚴(yán)重的考驗(yàn)。近年來,隨著農(nóng)村社會保障制度改革的深入,各試點(diǎn)縣、市的建立,越來越多的農(nóng)民嘗到了農(nóng)村社會保障制度帶來的甜頭。在各試點(diǎn)縣、市中,晉中市的農(nóng)村社會保障制度改革與推行的成效最為引人注目。截止到2011年6月底,全市參加新農(nóng)保人數(shù)達(dá)1432900人,參保率達(dá)到99.1%。新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療參合人數(shù)為2154595人,參合率97.86%,農(nóng)村低保對象64267戶共計(jì)90847人,累計(jì)發(fā)放農(nóng)村低保金7801.57萬元。 晉中市是山西省較早開展農(nóng)村社會保障體系構(gòu)建的試點(diǎn)誠市之一,其制度運(yùn)行是否順利直接關(guān)系到能否解決好現(xiàn)階段農(nóng)村社會保障所面臨的問題,對全省乃至全國農(nóng)村社會保障體系的發(fā)展具有重要的參考價值。在調(diào)研中,晉中市有很多試點(diǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)值得借鑒和推廣,包括：制定相關(guān)政策,為農(nóng)村社會保障制度的順利開展保駕護(hù)航；增加試點(diǎn)縣數(shù)量,讓更多農(nóng)村居民享受到農(nóng)村社會保障帶來的實(shí)惠；挨家挨戶入戶調(diào)查,擴(kuò)大參保覆蓋面等；切實(shí)將農(nóng)民的保障問題當(dāng)做一項(xiàng)民生工程來抓。但在制度的落實(shí)的過程中,晉中也存在不少問題：一,農(nóng)村最低社會保障存在的問題——低保專職人員稀缺；低保家庭收入難以準(zhǔn)確核實(shí)；城鄉(xiāng)低保二元化加劇；“民主評困”逐步異化；低保對象退出難；缺乏就業(yè)扶持機(jī)制等。二,新型農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險存在的問題——立法體系滯后；制度存在缺陷；民眾政策解讀陷入誤區(qū)；管理平臺建設(shè)滯后等。三,新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療存在的問題——籌資渠道不暢；缺乏完備的補(bǔ)償機(jī)制；政府職能發(fā)揮不充分；農(nóng)民自愿參保意識淡薄等。這些因素都在一定程度上制約了晉中市農(nóng)村社會保障的進(jìn)程。 建設(shè)晉中農(nóng)村社會保障體系的對策包括：以農(nóng)村最低生活保障制度為基礎(chǔ),完善社會救助體系；改革養(yǎng)老保險制度,實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村居民“老有所養(yǎng)”；加快完善“新農(nóng)合”制度,實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村居民“病有所醫(yī)”。晉中市農(nóng)村試點(diǎn)的啟示是：所謂的好政策,不是以覆蓋率來衡量的,而是在制度推行的過程中,真真切切為農(nóng)民帶來了實(shí)惠,帶來了便利。當(dāng)農(nóng)村居民真正到了“老有所養(yǎng)”、“病有所醫(yī)”的階段時,相信真正的農(nóng)村社會保障體系將離之不遠(yuǎn)矣。
[Abstract]:Social security occupies an extremely important position in today's society. It is not only a prerequisite for citizens to realize the right to survive and other human rights, but also an important channel for all the members of the society to share the results of social development. It is also an important pillar of the social sustainable development and the maintenance of social stability. The social security of the countryside is the important guarantee system. The core components, the health of its development is directly related to the success or failure of social security and the survival of nearly 900 million farmers in China. Therefore, the establishment of a system, the scientific rural social security system becomes particularly important. In this system, the rural social endowment insurance system, the new rural cooperative medical system, the rural social security system. The building of the barrier system has become the core of the core.
As the underdeveloped inland province of our country, the development of the rural social security system has been severely tested because of the influence of the objective factors of the recipient (natural environment, geographical environment, historical factors, traditional cultural concepts, etc.). In recent years, with the deepening of the reform of the rural social protection system, the establishment of various pilot counties and cities has become more and more important. Many farmers have tasted the sweetness of the rural social security system. In the pilot counties, in the cities, the rural social security system reform and implementation of Jinzhong is the most remarkable. By the end of June 2011, the number of new farmers in the city was 1432900, and the rate of participation in the new rural cooperative medical system of 99.1%. was 2154595, The participation rate was 97.86%, and the rural minimum living allowances 64267 households totaled 90847 people, and the total amount of the rural minimum allowances was 78 million 15 thousand and 700 yuan.
Jinzhong is one of the pilot cities in Shanxi province to carry out the construction of the rural social security system earlier. Its system operation is directly related to the problem that can solve the problems facing the rural social security at the present stage. It has a important reference value for the development of the rural social security system in the whole province and even the whole country. In the investigation, the city of Jinzhong is very important. The multi pilot experience is worthy of reference and promotion, including: making relevant policies to protect the rural social security system smoothly, increasing the number of pilot counties and allowing more rural residents to enjoy the benefits of rural social security. But in the process of the implementation of the system, there are also many problems in Jinzhong: first, the problem of the minimum social security in the countryside is the scarcity of the low insurance personnel; the income of the low insurance family is difficult to be accurately verified; the two yuan of the urban and rural low insurance is aggravated; the "democratic evaluation of the poverty" is gradually dissimilated; Employment support mechanism, etc. Two, the problems of the new rural old-age insurance - the lagging of the legislative system, the defects of the system, the misunderstanding of the public policy interpretation, the lag of the construction of the management platform, and so on. Three, the problems of the new rural cooperative medical system, such as the poor financing channels, the lack of complete compensation mechanism, and the lack of full function of the government. These factors, to a certain extent, have restricted the process of social security in rural areas of Jinzhong.
The Countermeasures for building the rural social security system in Jinzhong include: Based on the rural minimum living security system, perfecting the social assistance system, reforming the old-age insurance system, realizing the rural residents' "old ownership", speeding up the improvement of the "new rural cooperation" system and realizing the "medical treatment" of the rural residents. The Enlightenment of the rural pilot in Jinzhong is that: The good policy of predicate is not measured by the coverage rate, but in the process of the implementation of the system, it brings real benefits to the farmers and brings convenience. When the rural residents really come to the stage of "having a good health" and "medical treatment", it is believed that the real rural social security system will not be far away.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F323.89

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