本文選題：農(nóng)民工 + 差異性�。� 參考：《華東師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國城鎮(zhèn)化和工業(yè)化的不斷推進,城市流動人口大量增長,農(nóng)民工群體的身份轉(zhuǎn)變與融入問題很大程度上影響著我國的社會轉(zhuǎn)型和人口結(jié)構(gòu)變化。但農(nóng)民工并非一個均質(zhì)的群體,其內(nèi)部代際分化嚴重,本文把農(nóng)民工分成老一代農(nóng)民工與新生代農(nóng)民工進行對比分析,國內(nèi)現(xiàn)有研究并不多見。新老農(nóng)民工在文化、觀念與行為上均有差異,因此他們對社會的認同與對未來的期望也不盡相同,進而導致他們在行為決策上也各有不同,因此研究新老農(nóng)民工城市融入差異問題具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。本文從代際分化角度出發(fā),以農(nóng)民工城市融入為切入點,結(jié)合已有城市融入的相關(guān)理論和研究成果,科學的定義新老兩代農(nóng)民工,利用2012年國家衛(wèi)生計生委流動人口司實施的全國流動人口動態(tài)監(jiān)測調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),以上海市為例,對新老農(nóng)民工城市融入的現(xiàn)狀、特點進行比較,從經(jīng)濟融入、社會融入、心理融入三個維度入手,分析影響新老農(nóng)民工城市融入的主要因素,運用因子分析方法科學測度新老農(nóng)民工的城市融入度及結(jié)構(gòu)維度,同時建立回歸模型,納入人口變量(如性別、年齡、教育程度),利用多元線性回歸分析研究各維度內(nèi)部影響關(guān)系強度的變化及對城市融入狀況的影響,從而為促進不同人口特征的新老農(nóng)民工城市融入提出更有針對性的建議措施。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)新生代農(nóng)民工城市融入度略高于老一代農(nóng)民工,新生代農(nóng)民工的經(jīng)濟融入度與社會融入度高于老一代農(nóng)民工,但心理融入度低于老一代農(nóng)民工。對于新老兩代農(nóng)民工而言,經(jīng)濟因素并不是影響其城市融入的主要因素,而流動人口的個體因素以及制度因素對他們?nèi)谌氘數(shù)厣鐣鹬匾饔�。鑒于以上結(jié)論,政府應(yīng)逐步放開戶籍制度,使戶籍制度與相關(guān)的社會福利制度逐漸脫鉤,建立一套適合農(nóng)民工社會保障體系；政府及相關(guān)部門應(yīng)完善勞動力市場的監(jiān)管并將外來農(nóng)民工群體制度化地納入到城市勞動力市場體系；同時從社區(qū)的角度出發(fā),針對新老兩代農(nóng)民工的不同特質(zhì),加強公共服務(wù)、合理引導農(nóng)民工同城市居民的社區(qū)融合；最后政府應(yīng)加強農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)教育建設(shè)與提升農(nóng)民工專業(yè)技能培養(yǎng),提高農(nóng)民工整體素質(zhì),更好的滿足用工單位需求,進一步提高新老農(nóng)民工城市融入程度。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization and industrialization in our country, the floating population in cities is increasing greatly, and the problem of identity transformation and integration of migrant workers greatly influences the social transformation and population structure change in our country. However, migrant workers are not a homogeneous group, their internal intergenerational differentiation is serious, this paper divided migrant workers into the old generation migrant workers and the new generation of migrant workers for comparative analysis, domestic existing research is rare. New and old migrant workers are different in culture, concept and behavior, so their social identity and expectations for the future are different, which leads to their different behavior decisions. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the difference between old and new migrant workers. From the perspective of intergenerational differentiation, this paper takes the urban integration of migrant workers as the starting point, combining with the relevant theories and research results of the existing urban integration, scientifically defines the new and old generations of migrant workers. Based on the survey data of the floating population dynamic monitoring carried out by the floating population Department of the State Health and Family Planning Commission in 2012, taking Shanghai as an example, this paper compares the current situation and characteristics of the integration of the new and old migrant workers in the cities, from the economic integration to the social integration. Starting with three dimensions of psychological integration, this paper analyzes the main factors that affect the urban integration of new and old migrant workers, and scientifically measures the degree of urban integration and structural dimensions of new and old migrant workers by using the method of factor analysis, and establishes a regression model at the same time. Taking into account population variables (such as sex, age, educational attainment, multiple linear regression analysis was used to study the changes in the intensity of internal influence relationships and the impact on urban inclusion. Thus, more targeted suggestions are put forward for promoting the integration of new and old migrant workers with different demographic characteristics. The study found that the urban integration degree of the new generation migrant workers is slightly higher than that of the old generation migrant workers, the economic and social integration degree of the new generation migrant workers is higher than that of the old generation migrant workers, but the psychological integration degree is lower than that of the old generation migrant workers. For the new and old generations of migrant workers, economic factors are not the main factors affecting their urban integration, while the individual factors and institutional factors of floating population play an important role in their integration into the local society. In view of the above conclusions, the government should gradually liberalize the household registration system, gradually decouple the household registration system from the related social welfare system, and establish a set of suitable social security system for migrant workers; The government and relevant departments should perfect the supervision of the labor market and institutionalize the migrant workers into the urban labor market system, at the same time, from the community point of view, according to the different characteristics of the new and old generations of migrant workers, strengthen public services. Finally, the government should strengthen the construction of rural basic education and raise the professional skills of migrant workers, improve the overall quality of migrant workers, and better meet the needs of employment units. Further improve the degree of integration of new and old migrant workers into the city.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D412.6

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