本文選題：農(nóng)村低保 + 底線救助　； 參考：《政治學(xué)研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：社會(huì)保障資源的合理配置是國(guó)家再分配能力的重要體現(xiàn)。當(dāng)前,農(nóng)村低保制度的實(shí)踐,出現(xiàn)國(guó)家不斷增加公共資源投入而農(nóng)民的福利狀態(tài)、基層的社會(huì)秩序并未同步改善的悖論。低保制度的泛福利化是理解這一制度悖論的關(guān)鍵。以福利擴(kuò)散和福利捆綁為特征的泛福利化,使低保制度背離底線救助的制度定位,造成低保指標(biāo)在基層分配的困境,影響社會(huì)保障體系的良性運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),更使社會(huì)公平的價(jià)值目標(biāo)遭受巨大沖擊。國(guó)家再分配能力的增強(qiáng),有賴于社會(huì)保障資源的持續(xù)增加,但更需要進(jìn)行制度建設(shè)以合理配置資源。具體而言,農(nóng)村的社會(huì)保障體系要逐漸從過(guò)分倚重低保制度的單軌道運(yùn)行,走向分工明確、多軌道運(yùn)行的綜合性保障制度,即一方面恢復(fù)低保的底線救助屬性,另一方面完善專(zhuān)項(xiàng)救助制度,促成社會(huì)保障體系的均衡發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The rational allocation of social security resources is an important embodiment of national redistribution ability. At present, in the practice of the rural minimum security system, there is a paradox that the state of the country is increasing the public resource input and the farmers' welfare state, and the social order at the grass-roots level has not been improved synchronously. The pan-welfare of the minimum security system is the key to understand the paradox of the system. The pan-welfare, which is characterized by welfare diffusion and welfare bundling, makes the minimum guarantee system deviate from the system orientation of the bottom line, and causes the plight of the distribution of the minimum guarantee index at the grass-roots level, which affects the benign operation of the social security system. Moreover, the value goal of social equity has suffered a great impact. The strengthening of national redistribution ability depends on the continuous increase of social security resources, but it is more necessary to carry on the system construction in order to allocate the resources reasonably. In particular, the social security system in rural areas should gradually move from relying too heavily on the single-track operation of the minimum security system to a comprehensive security system with a clear division of labor and multi-track operation, that is, on the one hand, to restore the bottom line relief attribute of the minimum living standard. On the other hand, perfect special aid system, promote the balanced development of social security system.
【作者單位】： 華中科技大學(xué)中國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村治理研究中心;
【基金】：民政部社會(huì)救助司委托課題“農(nóng)村低收入家庭、支出性貧困家庭認(rèn)定策略和支持政策研究”的研究成果
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F323.89

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