本文選題：土地流轉(zhuǎn) + 土地征收　； 參考：《東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：土地作為重要的農(nóng)業(yè)資源,土地利用是農(nóng)業(yè)資源利用領(lǐng)域研究的熱點(diǎn)和重點(diǎn),在我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng),農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化,農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化以及土地節(jié)約集約利用的發(fā)展需求下,實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村土地高效、合理利用的途徑之一是農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)和土地征收。土地流轉(zhuǎn)是在農(nóng)村集體范圍內(nèi),將土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)進(jìn)行流轉(zhuǎn),而土地征收是以政府為實(shí)施主體,通過(guò)嚴(yán)格程序?qū)⒋寮w土地轉(zhuǎn)為國(guó)有土地,流轉(zhuǎn)和征收都是實(shí)現(xiàn)土地資源優(yōu)化配置的重要途徑。本文基于兩種途徑,分析兩種途徑的共性,流轉(zhuǎn)和征收實(shí)質(zhì)上均產(chǎn)生大量失地農(nóng)民,流轉(zhuǎn)和征收都是“土地易主”行為,經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)、使用權(quán)或所有權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)移,失去土地的農(nóng)民不再是從事農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的農(nóng)民,也不是城市居民,失地農(nóng)民勞動(dòng)技能單一、文化素質(zhì)較低,失去土地,失去經(jīng)濟(jì)來(lái)源和生活保障。因此,妥善解決農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)和征收中失地農(nóng)民安置問(wèn)題,解決失地農(nóng)民生產(chǎn)生活問(wèn)題,是農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)和征收順利開(kāi)展的必要舉措。本文重點(diǎn)研究農(nóng)村土地被流轉(zhuǎn)及土地征收過(guò)程中失地農(nóng)民安置問(wèn)題。本文首先運(yùn)用ENVI4.5軟件對(duì)遙感影像進(jìn)行波譜處理、解譯和后期處理等一系列操作。研究采用監(jiān)督分類(lèi)方法進(jìn)行地物信息的提取,結(jié)合該地區(qū)土地利用現(xiàn)狀圖發(fā)現(xiàn),結(jié)合研究區(qū)特點(diǎn),土地利用分類(lèi)系統(tǒng)確定為:耕地(01)、園地(02)、林地(03)、草地(04)、城鎮(zhèn)村及工礦用地(20)、交通運(yùn)輸用地(10)、水域及水利設(shè)施用地(11)、其他土地(12)等土地利用類(lèi)型。通過(guò)研究沈北新區(qū)2008、2010、2013年土地利用狀況,重點(diǎn)對(duì)比三個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)耕地的變化情況。耕地減少,建設(shè)用地增加。土地合法利用范圍內(nèi),農(nóng)村土地利用發(fā)生變化,特別是耕地發(fā)生變化,是土地流轉(zhuǎn)和征收的結(jié)果。進(jìn)而本文對(duì)流轉(zhuǎn)和征收安置問(wèn)題進(jìn)行研究。調(diào)研沈北新區(qū)安置情況,介紹失地農(nóng)民生產(chǎn)生活現(xiàn)狀,對(duì)沈北新區(qū)現(xiàn)行失地農(nóng)民主要安置方式,異地移民安置及貨幣+住房安置進(jìn)行利弊分析,通過(guò)開(kāi)展實(shí)地調(diào)研,分析失地農(nóng)民安置效果,發(fā)現(xiàn)存在的問(wèn)題,繼而提出創(chuàng)新對(duì)策。通過(guò)借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外安置案例經(jīng)驗(yàn),宏觀上提出完善對(duì)策,對(duì)策建議不僅僅針對(duì)沈北新區(qū),而是國(guó)家層面的建議,對(duì)我國(guó)各地失地農(nóng)民安置工作的開(kāi)展均有借鑒意義。本文重點(diǎn)創(chuàng)新沈陽(yáng)市沈北新區(qū)失地農(nóng)民安置,具體案例具體分析,基于可持續(xù)生計(jì),創(chuàng)新安置方式要克服單一貨幣補(bǔ)償所存在的缺陷,切實(shí)地解決農(nóng)民長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)利益和當(dāng)前利益、發(fā)展與生存等系列問(wèn)題,使廣大的失地農(nóng)民能夠分享到土地流轉(zhuǎn)和征收的成果。顯然,只有綜合模式才能符合以上目標(biāo)要求,并非單一的模式。根據(jù)上述目標(biāo),創(chuàng)新社會(huì)保障,貨幣補(bǔ)償,就業(yè)服務(wù),政府監(jiān)管相結(jié)合的新方式是未來(lái)安置補(bǔ)償?shù)睦硐敕绞健Ｕ撐牡倪x題立足農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)和征收,現(xiàn)有對(duì)農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)的研究多集中在土地流轉(zhuǎn)的方式和土地流轉(zhuǎn)的制度等,對(duì)土地征收的研究多集中在征地補(bǔ)償標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和征地爭(zhēng)議等,而將流轉(zhuǎn)與征收相結(jié)合,研究流轉(zhuǎn)和征收效果及失地農(nóng)民安置涉及較少,論文以此為出發(fā)點(diǎn),深入研究,研究失地農(nóng)民安置,是土地流轉(zhuǎn)最終結(jié)果的體現(xiàn),是征地順利進(jìn)行的保障。本文研究為土地流轉(zhuǎn)和土地征收工作在政策制定和工作開(kāi)展提供參考。
[Abstract]:As an important agricultural land resources, land use is a hot and key research fields in the utilization of agricultural resources, agricultural scale management, modernization of our country agriculture, agricultural mechanization and intensive land use development demand, realize the efficient way of rural land, the rational use of the rural land circulation and land expropriation of land transfer is. In the rural collective land within the scope of the right to the contracted management of land transfer, land expropriation and the government for the implementation of the main body, through the strict procedure of village collective land into state-owned land, circulation and collection is an important way to realize the allocation of land resources optimization. In this paper, two ways based on the analysis of two ways in common circulation and collection are essentially a large number of landless farmers, circulation and collection are "land owners" behavior, management rights, the right to use or transfer of ownership, land lost farmers Is no longer the farmers engaged in agricultural production, nor city residents, farmers single work skills, cultural quality is low, the loss of land, economic loss and social security. Therefore, the proper settlement of landless peasants and rural land expropriation, solve the loss of farmers' production and living problems, it is necessary to rural land circulation and a smooth development. This paper focuses on the problem of landless farmers resettlement of rural land circulation and land expropriation process. This paper uses ENVI4.5 software for spectrum processing of remote sensing image interpretation and processing period after a series of operations. Using supervised classification method for extracting feature information, combined with the current situation of land use in the area that and according to the characteristics of the study area, the land use classification system is determined as follows: (01) land, garden (02), woodland (03), grassland (04), urban village and industrial land (20), Transportation land (10), and water conservancy facilities land (11), (12) other land and other land use types. Through the study of Shenbei New Area 200820102013 years of land use change, focusing on comparing the three time points of arable land. The reduction of arable land, the increase of construction land. Land use of rural legal range. Land use change, especially the cultivated land change is land transfer and collection results. Then the transfer and carry out research on the problem of rehousing. Investigation of Shenbei New Area resettlement, the life production situation of landless farmers, for farmers in Shenbei New Area's current main land resettlement, resettlement and off-site housing resettlement money + to analyze the pros and cons, through to carry out field research, analysis of the resettlement of landless peasants, find the problems, then put forward the Countermeasures of innovation. By drawing on the experience of resettlement cases at home and abroad, put forward the macro Countermeasures, countermeasures and suggestions not only for Shenbei New Area, but at the national level, our country of the landless farmers resettlement work has referential significance. This paper focuses on the innovation of Shenyang city resettlement of landless peasants in Shenbei New Area, the specific analysis of specific cases, sustainable livelihoods based on innovative ways of resettlement to overcomes disadvantages of single monetary compensation, and to solve the long-term interests of farmers and the interests of the survival and development of a series of problems, so that the majority of the landless peasants to share land circulation and collection results. Obviously, only the integrated model can meet the above requirements, not a single model. Based on the above objectives, social security, innovation of monetary compensation, employment services, new government supervision of the combination is ideal for the future of the compensation and resettlement of the topic based on the circulation of rural land and rural land expropriation, existing The transfer of research are focus on the way of land transfer and land transfer system, study on land expropriation mainly focus on the compensation standard of land expropriation and land disputes, and will transfer combined with the collection, transfer and collection of effect and the resettlement of landless peasants involved less, the paper as a starting point, in-depth study and Research on the resettlement landless peasants, land circulation is the embodiment of the final results, is the land of guarantee. The research for the land circulation and land expropriation work in policy formulation and provide references.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F321.1;F323.8

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本文編號(hào)：1759888