本文選題：社會保障 + 理念演變��； 參考：《山東師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：社會保障理念作為人腦中反映出來的對于社會保障的觀念集合,凝聚了人們在認識和理解社會保障制度的過程中所具有的理性思考和客觀考量。社會保障理念的演變梳理和創(chuàng)新確立有助于科學的制定社會保障政策,健康的引導社會保障事業(yè),積極的促進政府轉(zhuǎn)變職能,高效的服務民生經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,切實關(guān)乎國家的長治久安與全民福祉。社會保障理念在中國和西方福利國家分別經(jīng)歷了不同階段的演變過程。新中國建國以來,在經(jīng)濟、政治、道德文化等多種因素的影響下,社會保障理念順應經(jīng)濟體制改革和全球化發(fā)展趨勢,主要經(jīng)歷了三個階段的演變,建國初期以平均主義為保障原則,改革開放初期提倡效率至上,社會主義市場經(jīng)濟時期呼吁社會公平正義,在改革中逐步明晰了肯定人、尊重人、保護人的思想價值,不斷凸顯社會公正,在順應時代發(fā)展潮流、依托經(jīng)濟成熟程度的演變規(guī)律中著力構(gòu)造“廣覆蓋、保基本、多層次、可持續(xù)”的城鄉(xiāng)一體化的社會保障體系。與此同時,六十多年社會保障制度和政策的實踐引發(fā)了學界對何種社會保障理念適合我國國情的爭議,并形成了四種代表性的理論模式,分別是平等主義、效率主義、社會公正和差序平等,每一種理論所具有的合理性和局限性共存。西方福利國家的社會保障制度起步早,發(fā)展成熟,可供借鑒的思想價值豐富,根據(jù)嬗變過程中體現(xiàn)出的特點,將西方福利國家的社會保障理念劃分為五種,每一種理念都反映了特定時期所具有的政治、經(jīng)濟和文化特點,是受當時的思想、社會、經(jīng)濟和政治因素影響的。西方福利國家的社會保障制度走在世界前列有其可取之處,為我國發(fā)展社會保障事業(yè)提供了追求可持續(xù)發(fā)展、注重法律制度和明確人的主體地位的經(jīng)驗借鑒。我國社會保障事業(yè)從非制度化走向制度化,與社會保障理念息息相關(guān),可以說確立何種社會保障理念將直接影響著未來社會保障制度的發(fā)展走向。鑒于目前國內(nèi)仍未形成一個明確的、足以統(tǒng)攬社會保障全局的價值理念,在梳理社會保障理念演變的基礎(chǔ)上,以我國的現(xiàn)實國情為依據(jù),創(chuàng)新性地提出社會保障增效化理念。增效化理念作為一個吸納整合的價值系統(tǒng),它將公平、正義、效率、法治、人本等思想價值有機融合,旨在實現(xiàn)1+12的政策效果,其系統(tǒng)性、開放性、普適性的特點決定了增效化理念具有良好的適應和可拓展能力,有利于降低改革成本。理念的創(chuàng)新不是目的,為實現(xiàn)增效化理念的現(xiàn)實應用,從政策執(zhí)行角度提出五條實現(xiàn)路徑,一是推動立法進程,加快社會保障法治建設(shè);二是改進管理思路,優(yōu)化社會保障制度設(shè)計;三是重視宣傳教育,培育社會保障價值認同;四是落實民情調(diào)查,建立社會保障溝通機制;五是強化執(zhí)行力度,完善社會保障監(jiān)督網(wǎng)絡(luò)。本文的第一章是緒論,在這一章主要對選題的背景意義、國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀、研究的思路與方法、研究的創(chuàng)新點和難點等內(nèi)容進行了闡述。第二章主要梳理和闡述相關(guān)的概念和理論基礎(chǔ),對理念和社會保障理念進行闡釋,運用基礎(chǔ)理論為研究提供支撐。第三章主要梳理中國社會保障理念自建國以來的演變歷程,分析和論述社會保障理念在各個具體階段的演變、演變的基礎(chǔ)和規(guī)律。第四章主要梳理社會保障理念在西方福利國家的嬗變歷程,探究和總結(jié)其嬗變原因以及對中國社會保障事業(yè)發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗啟示。第五章提出了創(chuàng)新的社會保障增效化理念,從定義、特點、內(nèi)涵體系等角度全面展現(xiàn)增效化理念,并提出社會保障增效化理念的實現(xiàn)路徑。
[Abstract]:As the social security concept reflected in the brain for social security concept set, embodies the rational thinking of people in the course of knowledge and understanding of the social security system and social security objective considerations. The evolution of the concept of carding and innovation helps to establish the scientific development of the social security policy, health guidance of social security, actively promote the transformation of government functions, economic development, people's livelihood, and relates to the long period of stability and the welfare of the people of the country. The social security concept were evolved in different stage of Chinese and western welfare state. Since the founding of new Chinese, in the economic, political, cultural and moral influence of many factors, with the idea of social security the reform of economic system and the globalization trend of development, mainly experienced three stages of development, founding on the equilibrium principle of security, change The reform and opening up early advocate efficiency first, socialist market economy calls for social justice in the reform gradually clear positive people, respect people, to protect people's ideas and values, continue to highlight the social justice, the development trend of the times, the evolution law of economic maturity relying on the efforts to construct the "wide coverage, basic, multi-level the integration of urban and rural areas, sustainable" social security system. At the same time, more than 60 years of practice of social security system and policy led to the academic community to which social security concept suitable for our country dispute, and formed the theoretical mode of four kinds of representative, respectively, egalitarianism, social justice and efficiency, equality and difference, with the coexistence of each theory. The rationality and limitation of the western welfare state social security system started early, mature, can be used for reference to the value of wealth, according to the Embody the characteristics in the evolution process of the social security of the western welfare state concept is divided into five kinds, each kind of ideas are reflected in the specific period of political, economic and cultural characteristics, is influenced by ideology, social, economic and political factors. The western welfare state social security system in the world has its merits, provides the pursuit of sustainable development for China's development of social security, legal system and a clear focus on the role of human experience. China's social security system from the non institutionalized, and is closely related to the social security concept, can be said to establish what kind of social security concept will directly affect the the future development trend of the social security system. In view of the current domestic has not yet formed a clear concept of value to social security, the overall situation, in combing the evolution of the concept of social security On the basis of the present situation in our country as the basis, puts forward the innovative efficiency of social security concept. As a concept of efficiency to absorb integrated value system, it will be fair, justice, efficiency, rule of law, the idea of the value of organic integration, to achieve the 1+12 policy effect, the system of open. Of universal characteristics determine the efficiency of the concept has good adaptation and development ability, to reduce the cost of reform. The concept of innovation is not the purpose, practical application of the concept of efficiency from the angle of policy execution, put forward five implementation path, one is to promote the legislative process of social security, accelerate the construction of the rule of law; the two is to improve the management idea, the optimization design of social security system; three is the emphasis on education, cultivate the social security value identity; the four is to implement public survey, the establishment of a social security communication mechanism; five is to strengthen enforcement, improve The social security supervision network. In this paper, the first chapter is the introduction, in this chapter, the main background and significance of the topic, research status at home and abroad, research ideas and methods, research innovation points and difficult points are described in detail. The concept and theoretical foundation of the second chapter mainly combs and explains the related concepts, explains and the social security concept, use the basic theory to provide support for the research. The third chapter mainly combs Chinese social security concept evolution since the founding of new China, the evolution analysis and discusses the social security concept in different stages, foundation and evolution. The fourth chapter mainly explores the social security concept in the evolution of the western welfare state, and inquiry to summarize the evolution of the reasons and inspirations for the development of China social security. The fifth chapter puts forward the concept of social security, synergistic innovation from the definition, characteristics, endosomes The concept of synergism is presented in a comprehensive way, and the realization path of the concept of social security synergy is put forward.

【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D632.1

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