本文選題：生態(tài)城市　切入點：指標體系　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,快速發(fā)展的城鎮(zhèn)化在帶來國民經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展及城鎮(zhèn)居民福祉改善的同時,也引發(fā)了一系列生態(tài)環(huán)境問題。尤其是近些年,霧霾的加重、水質(zhì)的惡化、土地的污染直接阻礙了居民生活水平的提高。因此,黨和國家越來越重視生態(tài)文明的概念,提出城市的發(fā)展要走集約、智能、綠色、低碳的道路。在這種背景下,西安作為全國城鎮(zhèn)體系的核心、創(chuàng)新試點城市以及一帶一路沿線關(guān)鍵節(jié)點,積極開展生態(tài)城市建設實踐,努力打造“品質(zhì)西安、美麗西安”�？陀^評價西安當前生態(tài)城市發(fā)展水平,探索其生態(tài)城市建設中的優(yōu)劣勢因素,對西安今后生態(tài)城市的建設具有重要意義。本文在現(xiàn)有研究的基礎上,結(jié)合可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論、資源環(huán)境承載力理論、系統(tǒng)論和循環(huán)經(jīng)濟理論,對生態(tài)城市的內(nèi)涵進行解析。再從生態(tài)城市的內(nèi)涵出發(fā),遵循指標科學性與數(shù)據(jù)可得性原則,從環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟、社會三個維度選取25個原始指標,再運用2014年30個直轄市、省會城市的數(shù)據(jù),利用因子分析法析取公因子,提取出了能反映城市環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟、社會三個維度的11個公因子,最后采用熵值法對準則層進行賦值,計算出客觀權(quán)重,構(gòu)建出了較為科學合理的生態(tài)城市發(fā)展水平評價的指標體系。運用該指標體系對于2014年全國直轄市、省會城市的生態(tài)城市發(fā)展水平進行排名,西安市排名19,處于全國同類城市中下游。在指標體系的基礎上,本文采取次約束法探索了西安市生態(tài)城市建設中的優(yōu)勢及劣勢因素,發(fā)現(xiàn)西安市生態(tài)城市發(fā)展中的優(yōu)勢因素主要有經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)、醫(yī)療教育、社會保障;劣勢因素主要有環(huán)境治理、空氣質(zhì)量、經(jīng)濟實力和就業(yè)狀況;其他因素如資源承載、綠化情況、經(jīng)濟效率和綠色交通雖不是其發(fā)展的瓶頸,但和得分較高的城市相比依舊競爭力不足,需要進一步加強。對西安市生態(tài)城市發(fā)展水平和各因素演變情況分析得出,西安市生態(tài)城市發(fā)展水平總體呈現(xiàn)上升趨勢,但在2013年有所下降。最后,本文基于研究結(jié)果及國際生態(tài)城市建設的經(jīng)驗,提出了西安生態(tài)城市發(fā)展路徑優(yōu)化的措施,不僅要全面提升城市規(guī)劃的科學性,也要推進環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟、社會子系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化。生態(tài)環(huán)境改善方面要嚴格制定排放標準,增加綠地面積,提高環(huán)境治理水平,推動資源的再生利用;經(jīng)濟方面要進一步優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu),推進產(chǎn)業(yè)升級,鼓勵發(fā)展清潔能源與環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè),打造高端服務業(yè);社會方面加強社會保障,提高居民的文化水平和職業(yè)技能,并且建立綠色交通網(wǎng)絡體系。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the rapid development of urbanization has not only brought about the rapid development of the national economy and the improvement of the well-being of urban residents, but also caused a series of ecological and environmental problems, especially in recent years, with the aggravation of haze and the deterioration of water quality. The pollution of the land directly hinders the improvement of the living standard of the residents. Therefore, the Party and the country pay more and more attention to the concept of ecological civilization, and put forward the road of intensive, intelligent, green and low carbon for the development of the city. Xi'an, as the core of the national urban system, innovates the pilot cities and key nodes along Belt and Road, actively develops the practice of eco-city construction, and strives to create "quality Xi'an," It is of great significance for the construction of ecological city in Xi'an to evaluate objectively the development level of ecological city in Xi'an, and to explore the advantages and disadvantages in the construction of ecological city. Based on the theory of sustainable development, the theory of carrying capacity of resources and environment, the theory of system and circular economy, the connotation of ecological city is analyzed. In the three dimensions of economy and society, 25 original indicators were selected, and then the data of 30 municipalities directly under the Central Government and provincial capitals in 2014 were used to extract the common factors, which can reflect the urban environment and economy. The 11 common factors of the three dimensions of society are assigned to the criterion layer by entropy method, and the objective weight is calculated. A scientific and reasonable index system for evaluating the development level of ecological cities is established, which is used to rank the development level of ecological cities in the cities directly under the Central Government and provincial capitals in 2014. Xi'an is ranked 19, located in the middle and lower reaches of the similar cities in China. Based on the index system, this paper explores the advantages and disadvantages of ecological city construction in Xi'an by using the sub-constraint method. It is found that the dominant factors in the development of ecological city in Xi'an are economic structure, medical education, social security; inferior factors include environmental control, air quality, economic strength and employment status; other factors such as carrying resources and greening, Although economic efficiency and green transportation are not the bottleneck of their development, they are still less competitive than the cities with higher scores, and need to be further strengthened. The analysis of the level of development and the evolution of various factors of ecological city in Xi'an shows that, The development level of ecological city in Xi'an is on the whole rising, but it has declined in 2013. Finally, based on the research results and the experience of international eco-city construction, this paper puts forward some measures to optimize the development path of Xi'an eco-city. It is necessary not only to comprehensively enhance the scientific nature of urban planning, but also to promote the optimization of environmental, economic and social subsystems. In the area of ecological environment improvement, it is necessary to strictly formulate emission standards, increase the area of green space, and raise the level of environmental governance. Promote the regeneration and utilization of resources; further optimize the economic structure, promote industrial upgrading, encourage the development of clean energy and environmental protection industries, and create high-end services; and strengthen social security. Improve the education level and vocational skills of the residents, and establish a green transportation network system.
【學位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X821

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