本文選題：城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)　切入點(diǎn)：基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金　出處：《安徽財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的全面實(shí)施,使得“老有所養(yǎng)”目標(biāo)有了制度保障,實(shí)現(xiàn)了在養(yǎng)老方面的制度公平,但能否真正實(shí)現(xiàn)老有所養(yǎng),關(guān)鍵還要看養(yǎng)老金水平能否滿足老年人的基本生活需要。近年來,在城鎮(zhèn)地區(qū),計(jì)劃生育政策的負(fù)效應(yīng)日益凸顯,很多老人因家中獨(dú)子常年在外學(xué)習(xí)工作,成為了“空巢老人”,而在廣大農(nóng)村地區(qū),越來越多的青壯年也選擇外出務(wù)工,所以城鄉(xiāng)居民的養(yǎng)老問題得到了越來越多的關(guān)注。本文從參保人數(shù)、基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金待遇水平、參保居民繳費(fèi)檔次、基金的運(yùn)營監(jiān)督和政府的經(jīng)辦管理能力等五個(gè)方面入手,對安徽省城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的運(yùn)行現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析后發(fā)現(xiàn),目前基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金水平很低,不足農(nóng)民純收入的10%。由于制度實(shí)施時(shí)間短,個(gè)人賬戶積累很少,再加上居民普遍采用較低檔次繳費(fèi),未來個(gè)人賬戶養(yǎng)老金水平非常有限,連農(nóng)村最低生活保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也達(dá)不到,難以實(shí)現(xiàn)老有所養(yǎng)的目標(biāo)。要保證安徽城鄉(xiāng)居民真正實(shí)現(xiàn)老有所養(yǎng),必須科學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)養(yǎng)老金水平,保證替代率維持在50%左右。為此要加大各級政府財(cái)政投入,按照農(nóng)村居民純收入的增長速度,逐步提高基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金水平,確�；A(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金替代率有所提高;加快推進(jìn)制度創(chuàng)新,通過提高繳費(fèi)檔次,進(jìn)行金融激勵等措施提高參保者個(gè)人繳費(fèi)積累額;加強(qiáng)積累基金集中管理和投資運(yùn)營,提高基金整體收益率,保障個(gè)人賬戶積累能實(shí)現(xiàn)保值增值等,唯有如此,才能逐步提高安徽城鄉(xiāng)居民養(yǎng)老保障水平,才能最終實(shí)現(xiàn)老有所養(yǎng)。本文共分為五個(gè)部分。第一部分,主要說明了本文的選題背景、研究意義和研究方法。在對國內(nèi)外的相關(guān)研究成果進(jìn)行分類評述的基礎(chǔ)上闡明筆者的探究思路,并指出研究過程中的不足之處和可能的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)。第二部分,主要論述了底線公平理論、有限理性假設(shè)和社會保障適度水平理論,它們是本文研究的理論基礎(chǔ)。底線公平理論和社會保障適度水平理論要求必須建立城鄉(xiāng)居民養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度,并且要保持一定的水平,有限理性假設(shè)要求在制度上要進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新。第三部分,主要分析當(dāng)前安徽省城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的制度模式、運(yùn)行現(xiàn)狀,得出了安徽省城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)保障水平偏低的結(jié)論,并對產(chǎn)生問題的原因進(jìn)行了具體分析。第四部分通過對安徽省城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的適度水平分析,確定了城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)目標(biāo)替代率的合理水平,并對提高城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)保障水平的改革情景進(jìn)行模擬,指出了具體的改革方向。第五部分就如何提高安徽省城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)保障水平提出了多項(xiàng)政策建議,以提高基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金待遇水平,提高居民繳費(fèi)檔次、提高積累基金收益率等方面為重點(diǎn),對各項(xiàng)政策建議進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)論述。
[Abstract]:The comprehensive implementation of the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents makes the goal of "a sense of security for the elderly" a system guarantee and realizes institutional fairness in the field of old-age care, but whether it can really achieve a sense of security for the elderly, The key is whether the pension level can meet the basic needs of the elderly. In recent years, in urban areas, the negative effects of the family planning policy have become increasingly prominent. Has become "empty nest elderly", and in the vast rural areas, more and more young adults also choose to go out to work, so the problem of urban and rural residents getting more and more attention. Starting from five aspects, such as the level of participating residents' contributions, the operation supervision of the fund and the administration and management ability of the government, the operating status of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents in Anhui Province is analyzed. It is found that the current level of basic pension is very low. Less than 10% of farmers' net income. Because the system is short in time and personal account accumulation is very small, plus residents generally adopt lower grade contributions, the level of future personal account pensions is very limited, and even the minimum living security standards in rural areas are not reached. It is difficult to achieve the goal of raising a sense of security for the elderly. In order to ensure that urban and rural residents in Anhui can truly achieve a sense of security, we must scientifically design the level of pensions and ensure that the replacement rate is maintained at about 50%. For this reason, governments at all levels should increase their financial input. In line with the growth rate of the net income of rural residents, we should gradually raise the level of basic pensions, ensure that the replacement rate of basic pensions will be improved, and accelerate the promotion of institutional innovation by raising the level of contributions. Such measures as financial incentives and other measures to increase the accumulation of individual contributions by the insured; to strengthen the centralized management and investment operation of the accumulation fund, to increase the overall rate of return of the fund, and to ensure that the accumulation of individual accounts can maintain and increase the value of value, etc. Only in order to gradually improve the security level of urban and rural residents in Anhui, can we finally realize a sense of security for the elderly. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part, mainly explains the background of this paper. Research significance and research methods. On the basis of classifying and commenting the relevant research results at home and abroad, the author's research ideas are expounded, and the deficiencies and possible innovations in the research process are pointed out. This paper mainly discusses the theory of bottom line equity, the hypothesis of limited rationality and the theory of appropriate level of social security, which are the theoretical basis of this paper. The theory of bottom line equity and the theory of appropriate level of social security require the establishment of pension insurance system for urban and rural residents. And to maintain a certain level, the hypothesis of limited rationality calls for institutional innovation. The third part, mainly analyzes the current basic old-age insurance system of urban and rural residents in Anhui Province, operating status quo. The paper draws the conclusion that the security level of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents in Anhui Province is on the low side, and analyzes the causes of the problems concretely. The fourth part analyzes the moderate level of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents in Anhui Province. The reasonable level of the replacement rate of the basic old-age insurance target for urban and rural residents is determined, and the reform scenario of improving the basic old-age insurance level of urban and rural residents is simulated. The fifth part puts forward a number of policy suggestions on how to improve the level of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents in Anhui Province, in order to improve the basic pension treatment level and the level of residents' contributions. Raise accumulation fund rate of return and so on as the focal point, has carried on the detailed elaboration to the each policy proposal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F842.67

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