【摘要】：第二孩出生性別比失衡是長(zhǎng)期困擾我國(guó)的重要難題之一,是人口問(wèn)題中復(fù)雜的巨大難題,并切實(shí)關(guān)乎國(guó)家、民族的命運(yùn),因此,從事此方面的研究,有助于深化政府治理理論,為構(gòu)建出生性別比治理與社會(huì)問(wèn)題解決的最優(yōu)搭配、政府實(shí)現(xiàn)最優(yōu)的公共管理政策與運(yùn)行機(jī)制提供有價(jià)值的可借鑒的經(jīng)驗(yàn),為和諧社會(huì)中人口的均衡發(fā)展以及完善的社會(huì)服務(wù)體系略盡綿薄之力。 通過(guò)分析韓國(guó)、印度制定的治理第二孩出生性別比失衡的經(jīng)驗(yàn),以四川省農(nóng)村地區(qū)為例,展開(kāi)了有針對(duì)性、切實(shí)可行的政策研究。在采用了比較研究方法、定量研究方法、定性研究方法、數(shù)學(xué)模擬方法等科學(xué)研究方法進(jìn)行分析后,引入社會(huì)學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、心理學(xué)思想,得出了如下結(jié)論： 1.當(dāng)前四川省農(nóng)村地區(qū)第二孩出生性別比失衡原因包括深刻的社會(huì)根源以及公共管理政策與公共管理部門運(yùn)行機(jī)制問(wèn)題。這是出生性別比失衡的癥結(jié)所在。 2.論證了治理出生性別比失衡的有效策略：一是制定決策,確保實(shí)現(xiàn)宏觀指導(dǎo)和微觀實(shí)施的統(tǒng)一；二是監(jiān)測(cè)孕情,杜絕醫(yī)生違規(guī)與孕婦違法的統(tǒng)一；三是嚴(yán)格執(zhí)法,注重外部綜合治理和內(nèi)部自主考核的統(tǒng)一；四是增加投入,力保獎(jiǎng)扶制度理論性和實(shí)踐性的統(tǒng)一。 3.分析了多胎生育直至男孩為止以及時(shí)間間隔的方式放行二胎等新型的生育政策,通過(guò)數(shù)學(xué)模擬論證了兩項(xiàng)政策既有助于改善女性出生性別比偏低的現(xiàn)狀,也不會(huì)導(dǎo)致人口的大幅增長(zhǎng)。 4.估算定期現(xiàn)金直補(bǔ)的扶助方式,為調(diào)整獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)扶助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、實(shí)行金字塔式的階梯分類補(bǔ)貼辦法提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The imbalance of the sex ratio at birth of the second child is one of the important difficult problems that have plagued our country for a long time. It is a huge and complicated problem in the population problem, and it is really related to the fate of the country and the nation. Therefore, engaging in this research will help to deepen the theory of government governance. In order to construct the optimal mix of birth sex ratio management and social problem solving, the government can realize the optimal public management policy and operation mechanism to provide valuable experience for reference. For the balanced development of population and perfect social service system in harmonious society. By analyzing the experiences of South Korea and India in dealing with the imbalance of the sex ratio at birth of the second child, a targeted and feasible policy study was carried out in rural areas of Sichuan Province. After analyzing the comparative research method, quantitative research method, qualitative research method, mathematical simulation method and so on, the author introduces sociology, economics and psychology, and draws the following conclusions: 1. At present, the causes of the imbalance of the birth sex ratio of the second child in rural areas of Sichuan province include the deep social root, the public management policy and the operation mechanism of the public administration department. This is the crux of the imbalance in the sex ratio at birth. 2. The effective strategies to control the imbalance of sex ratio at birth are as follows: first, to make decisions to ensure the unity of macro-guidance and micro-implementation, second, to monitor pregnancy conditions, to eliminate the unity of doctor violations and pregnant women breaking the law; Third, strictly enforce the law, pay attention to the integration of external comprehensive governance and internal self-assessment; fourth, increase investment and safeguard the unity of the theory and practice of the reward and support system. 3. This paper analyzes on the new birth policies, such as multiple births up to boys and time intervals, and proves by mathematical simulation that the two policies can improve the situation of low sex ratio at birth for women. Nor will it lead to a big increase in the population. 4. It provides a scientific basis for adjusting the criteria of reward support and implementing the pyramid-style step classification subsidy method by estimating the support mode of regular cash direct subsidy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：C924.21

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 張建麗;;綜合治理出生人口性別比偏高問(wèn)題[J];法制與社會(huì);2013年14期

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本文編號(hào)：2450651