【摘要】：計(jì)劃生育是中國最重要的國家公共政策之一,更是基本國策。人口和計(jì)劃生育公共政策的執(zhí)行作為“天下第一難事”,其重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)都在農(nóng)村,因此必須統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,把農(nóng)村作為穩(wěn)定低生育水平、統(tǒng)籌解決人口問題的重中之重。人口和計(jì)劃生育公共政策在農(nóng)村的執(zhí)行問題也引起專家學(xué)者的關(guān)注和研究,同時(shí)部分人口和計(jì)劃生育管理人員也積極從農(nóng)村人口和計(jì)劃生育管理的具體實(shí)踐出發(fā),來研究、探討農(nóng)村人口和計(jì)劃生育公共管理存在的問題與解決辦法。 但是,與其他公共管理相關(guān)領(lǐng)域不同,農(nóng)村人口和計(jì)劃生育公共政策的價(jià)值系統(tǒng)與適用主體農(nóng)村群眾的價(jià)值系統(tǒng)差距較大,即：為了有效控制人口數(shù)量不得不實(shí)行嚴(yán)格的生育政策與農(nóng)村群眾的婚育觀念、生育愿望之間的矛盾,造成農(nóng)村群眾對(duì)人口和計(jì)劃生育管理的滿意度相當(dāng)?shù)?導(dǎo)致農(nóng)村計(jì)劃生育公共政策執(zhí)行難。在和諧社會(huì)、以人為本的新形勢(shì)下,如何在農(nóng)村實(shí)現(xiàn)人口和計(jì)劃生育工作的科學(xué)管理,更好的執(zhí)行國家人口和計(jì)劃生育公共政策及服務(wù)農(nóng)村群眾,是擺在基層計(jì)生政策執(zhí)行部門面前亟待解決的問題。 首先,本文在國內(nèi)外人口和計(jì)劃生育管理問題研究與政策實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了鄒平縣農(nóng)村人口和計(jì)劃生育管理的發(fā)展階段及其特點(diǎn),對(duì)鄒平縣農(nóng)村人口和計(jì)劃生育管理的組織機(jī)構(gòu)和保障機(jī)制進(jìn)行了梳理,并就其管理創(chuàng)新和成效進(jìn)行了總結(jié)；其次,分析了鄒平縣農(nóng)村人口和計(jì)劃生育管理在以人為本和穩(wěn)定低生育水平的新形勢(shì)下,存在著控制違法生育壓力增大、人口結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾突出、統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)不實(shí)、以村為主的模式尚未成效和部分計(jì)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)作用不明顯等問題,并依據(jù)公共管理學(xué)理論,從價(jià)值系統(tǒng)、社會(huì)環(huán)境與政策目標(biāo)、經(jīng)濟(jì)利益與社會(huì)傳統(tǒng)、政策執(zhí)行與依法行政、與其他公共政策、人事管理與人力資源管理之間的矛盾沖突分析存在問題的原因；最后,對(duì)在新形勢(shì)下鄒平縣如何完善農(nóng)村人口和計(jì)劃生育管理提出對(duì)策和建議：改善農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給與服務(wù)；優(yōu)化農(nóng)村人口和計(jì)劃生育管理的社會(huì)環(huán)境；創(chuàng)新農(nóng)村人口和計(jì)劃生育公共政策執(zhí)行的方式；加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村人口和計(jì)劃生育組織機(jī)構(gòu)建設(shè)；完善農(nóng)村人口和計(jì)劃生育管理的利益保障體系：重點(diǎn)整治出生人口性別比問題。
[Abstract]:Family planning is one of China's most important national public policies, but also the basic national policy. The implementation of the public policy on population and family planning is regarded as the "most difficult task in the world," and its key and difficult points are in rural areas. Therefore, it is necessary to coordinate the development of urban and rural economy and society, and to regard rural areas as a stable low fertility level. The most important thing in solving the population problem as a whole is to solve the population problem as a whole. The implementation of the public policy on population and family planning in rural areas has also attracted the attention and research of experts and scholars. At the same time, some population and family planning administrators have also been actively studying from the specific practice of rural population and family planning management. To explore the rural population and family planning public management problems and solutions. However, different from other related fields of public management, the value system of rural population and family planning public policy is quite different from that of the main body of rural people. That is, in order to effectively control the number of people, we have to implement strict fertility policy and the concept of marriage and childbearing among the rural people. The contradiction between their desire to have children and their desire to have children results in a very low degree of satisfaction from the rural people to the population and family planning management. As a result of rural family planning public policy implementation is difficult. In a harmonious society, under the new situation of people-oriented, how to realize the scientific management of population and family planning work in rural areas, better implement the national population and family planning public policy and serve the rural masses, Is put in the grass-roots family planning policy implementation department in front of the urgent problem. First of all, based on the research and policy practice of population and family planning management at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the development stage and characteristics of rural population and family planning management in Zouping County. The organizational structure and guarantee mechanism of rural population and family planning management in Zouping County are combed, and its management innovation and effectiveness are summarized. Secondly, the paper analyzes the new situation of population and family planning management in Zouping County. Under the new situation of people-oriented and stable low fertility level, the pressure of controlling illegal birth is increasing, the population structural contradiction is prominent, and the statistical data are not true. The village-oriented model has not yet been effective and the role of some family planning networks is not obvious, and according to the theory of public management, from the value system, social environment and policy objectives, economic interests and social traditions, policy implementation and administration according to law. And other public policies, personnel management and human resources management contradictions between the analysis of the causes of problems; Finally, it puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions on how to improve the rural population and family planning management in Zouping County under the new situation: improving the supply and service of rural public goods, optimizing the social environment of rural population and family planning management, and improving the social environment of rural population and family planning management. We should innovate the ways of carrying out public policies on rural population and family planning; strengthen the construction of rural population and family planning organizations; improve the interest guarantee system of rural population and family planning management; and focus on the issue of sex ratio of birth population.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：C924.21

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本文編號(hào)：2400642