【摘要】：改革開放以來，中國流動人口迅速增加，2011年規(guī)模達(dá)到2.3億人。人口流動成為現(xiàn)階段我國經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會、人口轉(zhuǎn)型過程中的突出特征。而上海作為中國經(jīng)濟(jì)和商業(yè)環(huán)境最為發(fā)達(dá)的城市，也是對流動人口最具有吸引力的目的地之一。數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2011年上海所容納的流動人口數(shù)量已達(dá)到900多萬。年輕的流動人口群體，不僅延緩了上海的老齡化進(jìn)程，降低了老齡化程度，減輕了城市人口的撫養(yǎng)負(fù)擔(dān)比，同時也為上海經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅猛發(fā)展提供了充足的人力支撐。 尋求更高的經(jīng)濟(jì)水平是流動人口進(jìn)入上海的主要動機(jī)。因此關(guān)于流動人口在城市的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r成為了學(xué)術(shù)界研究的熱點。為了更加形象、直觀、準(zhǔn)確地描繪出流動人口的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況，本文引入了社會融合研究中經(jīng)濟(jì)融合的概念，并運(yùn)用調(diào)查問卷數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)建可比較的、綜合性強(qiáng)的流動人口經(jīng)濟(jì)融合指數(shù)。 首先，筆者在吸取他人成果的基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)建了系統(tǒng)化、結(jié)構(gòu)化的流動人口經(jīng)濟(jì)融合評價體系，為下文的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況分析和指數(shù)的計算提供基礎(chǔ)工具。 然后，根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)融合指標(biāo)體系對調(diào)查對象中的上海市流動人口和戶籍人口進(jìn)行單變量比較分析。從總體上識別兩個不同群體間的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況差別。 接下來是本文的關(guān)鍵和重點。首先通過因子分析法分別得出流動人口和戶籍人口的絕對經(jīng)濟(jì)融合指數(shù)，然后通過相比得出流動人口相對經(jīng)濟(jì)融合指數(shù)；接著對影響經(jīng)濟(jì)融合指數(shù)的因素進(jìn)行定量定性分析。 最后，筆者針對影響流動人口經(jīng)濟(jì)融合狀況的因素，提出改善現(xiàn)狀的政策建議，也是本文研究目的的最終實現(xiàn)。 本文中主要使用的是2009年關(guān)于上海市流動人口和戶籍人口中在業(yè)人員的問卷調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)。通過理論與實證相結(jié)合的分析，筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)流動人口與戶籍人口的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況差距仍然較大，而人力資本和制度環(huán)境是導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)融合水平低的重要原因，戶籍制度的改革則是促進(jìn)流動人口經(jīng)濟(jì)融合的根本舉措。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's floating population has increased rapidly, reaching 230 million people in 2011. Population mobility has become a prominent feature in the process of economic, social and population transformation in China. As the most developed city in China, Shanghai is also one of the most attractive destinations for the floating population. Shanghai's migrant population reached more than 9 million in 2011, according to data. Young floating population groups not only delay the aging process of Shanghai, reduce the degree of aging, reduce the dependency burden ratio of urban population, but also provide sufficient human support for the rapid development of Shanghai economy. Seeking a higher economic level is the main motivation for floating population to enter Shanghai. Therefore, the economic development of floating population in the city has become the focus of academic research. In order to describe the economic situation of floating population more vividly, intuitively and accurately, this paper introduces the concept of economic integration in the study of social integration, and uses the questionnaire data to construct a comparable one. Comprehensive and strong floating population economic integration index. First of all, the author constructs a systematic and structured evaluation system of economic integration of floating population on the basis of absorbing the achievements of others, which provides the basic tools for the following economic situation analysis and index calculation. Then, according to the index system of economic integration, univariate comparative analysis of Shanghai floating population and household registration population is carried out. Identify the economic differences between the two groups in general. Next is the key and the key point of this article. First, the absolute economic integration index of floating population and household registration population is obtained by factor analysis method, then the relative economic integration index of floating population is obtained by comparison; then the factors affecting economic integration index are analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Finally, according to the factors that affect the economic integration of floating population, the author puts forward some policy suggestions to improve the present situation, which is the ultimate realization of the purpose of this paper. This paper mainly uses the survey data of Shanghai floating population and employed population in 2009. Through the combination of theory and empirical analysis, the author finds that the gap between the floating population and the household registration population is still large, and the human capital and institutional environment are the important reasons for the low level of economic integration. The reform of household registration system is the fundamental measure to promote the economic integration of floating population.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海社會科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：C92-05

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