【摘要】：政治參與是現(xiàn)代民主政治的一個(gè)重要內(nèi)容和標(biāo)志,是公民政治權(quán)利在政治關(guān)系中得以實(shí)現(xiàn)的重要方式,也是實(shí)現(xiàn)民主政治的關(guān)鍵,既體現(xiàn)政治關(guān)系本質(zhì),又體現(xiàn)了公民在社會(huì)政治生活中的地位和作用。流動(dòng)人口是我國改革開放以來,隨著工業(yè)化和城市化進(jìn)程加快而出現(xiàn)的龐大群體。2008年,根據(jù)國家計(jì)生委有關(guān)部門提供的數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算,流動(dòng)人口數(shù)量達(dá)到20100萬人,預(yù)測到2050年流動(dòng)人口規(guī)�？蛇_(dá)到3.5億左右。規(guī)模如此龐大的流動(dòng)人口,其政治參與的廣度和深度是體現(xiàn)民主政治建設(shè)的重要指標(biāo)。流動(dòng)人口通過合法的政治參與,能對社會(huì)管理者、社會(huì)管理工作形成有效的監(jiān)督,促使相關(guān)決策部門在制定政策建議時(shí)更加科學(xué)合理。同時(shí),流動(dòng)人口政治參與也是我國民主政治建設(shè)的重要內(nèi)容,對我國政治體制的改革和發(fā)展起不可忽視的推動(dòng)作用。 論文的研究思路,從對流動(dòng)人口、政治參與、流動(dòng)人口政治參與三個(gè)核心概念界定基礎(chǔ)上入手,分析我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與的理論基礎(chǔ),為論述和研究我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與問題提供理論支撐和分析框架。再通過對流動(dòng)人口現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,為研究流動(dòng)人口政治參與提供背景分析。在此基礎(chǔ)上對我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與的相關(guān)影響因素進(jìn)行梳理,進(jìn)而提出提高我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與的路徑選擇。 論文的研究方法,堅(jiān)持以辯證唯物主義思想和科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指導(dǎo),在借鑒流動(dòng)人口政治參與理論成果的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用辯證唯物主義和歷史唯物主義分析法,采取定量分析與定性分析相結(jié)合方式,采取問卷調(diào)查、集體座談、深度訪談等方法,以流動(dòng)人口為調(diào)研對象,對流動(dòng)人口政治參與的現(xiàn)狀及未來趨勢進(jìn)行全方位、多角度的調(diào)查、比較和分析。 論文的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu) 全文共分五章。研究的基本思路是導(dǎo)論→基礎(chǔ)理論→現(xiàn)狀描述→相關(guān)因素分析→結(jié)論與對策研究。在對流動(dòng)人口政治參與基礎(chǔ)理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上,分析流動(dòng)人口現(xiàn)狀,對流動(dòng)人口在流入地和流出地政治參與進(jìn)行比較分析,闡釋流動(dòng)人口在現(xiàn)階段政治參與面臨的問題,從深層次揭示問題產(chǎn)生原因,并對影響流動(dòng)人口政治參與的相關(guān)因素進(jìn)行分析,最后提出相應(yīng)的路徑選擇。論文試圖將研究的科學(xué)性、理論性、政策性與經(jīng)濟(jì)性融為一體,在嚴(yán)密的邏輯基礎(chǔ)上開展研究,并為今后的探索和研究拓展更為廣闊的空間和視野。 論文的主要內(nèi)容包括五章,具體如下： 第一章,導(dǎo)論。文章的概述章節(jié),主要是闡釋研究流動(dòng)人口政治參與的背景、研究目的和重要理論意義與實(shí)踐。為下文我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與進(jìn)行理論分析和實(shí)證研究奠定基礎(chǔ)。同時(shí)說明論文的主要研究方法,闡釋相關(guān)研究內(nèi)容及邏輯結(jié)構(gòu),提出研究可能的創(chuàng)新和不足之處。 第二章,流動(dòng)人口政治參與研究范疇與基礎(chǔ)理論。本章首先是對流動(dòng)人口、政治參與、流動(dòng)人口政治參與三個(gè)核心概念進(jìn)行界定,并在概念界定的基礎(chǔ)上闡釋我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與的理論基礎(chǔ),為論述和研究我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與問題提供理論支撐和分析框架。最后,本章從構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)、民主政治發(fā)展、社會(huì)穩(wěn)定等角度進(jìn)一步分析我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與的重大現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,從現(xiàn)實(shí)視角論證研究我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與的重要性與迫切性。 第三章,我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與的現(xiàn)狀分析。本章通過對流動(dòng)人口現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,為研究流動(dòng)人口政治參與提供背景分析。從我國流動(dòng)人口未來的發(fā)展趨勢來看,在未來較長的一段時(shí)間,流動(dòng)人口的規(guī)模會(huì)進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大,流動(dòng)人口的主體仍然是從農(nóng)村流入城市的農(nóng)村人口,并且新一代的流動(dòng)人口也逐漸年輕化。在分析流動(dòng)人口特點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上,從流入地和流出地對流動(dòng)人口政治參與進(jìn)行比較研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)流動(dòng)人口作為特殊的社會(huì)群體,在數(shù)量不斷增長的過程中,絕大多數(shù)流動(dòng)人口沒有納入流入地的管理體系中,享受不到流入地的福利與公共產(chǎn)品服務(wù),更談不上在流入地的政治參與,同時(shí)這部分流動(dòng)人口在流出地的政治參與也在逐漸邊緣化,這對構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)構(gòu)成巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。 第四章,我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與的影響因素分析。本章系統(tǒng)地對流動(dòng)人口政治參與的影響影響進(jìn)行分析。本文將影響我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與的影響因素分為三類,并在對影響因素分類的基礎(chǔ),深入分析各因素是如何對流動(dòng)人口政治參與產(chǎn)生影響。影響因素之一是流動(dòng)人口個(gè)人素質(zhì)及社會(huì)特征；影響因素之二是流動(dòng)人口的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)文化地位,主要從流動(dòng)人口的社會(huì)地位、政治文化、大眾傳媒以及政治信息的缺失四方面分析了對流動(dòng)人口政治參與的影響；影響因素之三是我國現(xiàn)有的政治體制,主要從現(xiàn)行的政治參與制度、信訪制度、城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)、政治參與的規(guī)則和程序和政治權(quán)力的集中五方面分析對流動(dòng)人口政治參與的影響。 第五章,提高我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與質(zhì)量以及拓寬其廣度和深度的路徑選擇。要構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì),促進(jìn)我國民主政治發(fā)展和社會(huì)發(fā)展,應(yīng)當(dāng)通過多種途徑消除我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與存在的問題,提高流動(dòng)人口政治參與質(zhì)量。目前應(yīng)充分認(rèn)識到提高流動(dòng)人口政治參與的重要性。要通過區(qū)域試點(diǎn),全面深化改革戶籍制度；建立以流入地為主的選民登記制度；在流入地建立以社區(qū)自治為平臺(tái)的政治參與制度,從制度上、法律上保障流動(dòng)人口政治參與；提高流動(dòng)人口組織化程度,促進(jìn)社區(qū)組織的健康發(fā)展,拓寬流動(dòng)人口政治參與渠道。 論文可能的創(chuàng)新包括以下四點(diǎn)： 一、研究視角比較新。流動(dòng)人口的政治參與屬政治人口學(xué)范疇。本文的潛在研究意圖是通過對流動(dòng)人口政治參與的研究,對人口政治學(xué)、人口政治行為以及人口政治制度做初步的探索。研究文獻(xiàn)表明,學(xué)者對流動(dòng)人口的研究主要集中在社會(huì)生活方面,而較少涉及政治參與內(nèi)容,而且將流動(dòng)人口政治參與作為單獨(dú)整體的研究較少。本文從流動(dòng)人口主體特征入手,結(jié)合政治學(xué)基礎(chǔ)理論,運(yùn)用政治參與理論,分析我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與現(xiàn)狀,從深層次揭示我國流動(dòng)人口所處的政治環(huán)境,挖掘流動(dòng)人口政治參與質(zhì)量不高的根源,在分析視角上有一定的獨(dú)到性,為解決這一問題提供新的思路。 二、對我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與的影響要素作了比較全面和系統(tǒng)的分析。前期學(xué)者對流動(dòng)人口政治參與影響因素的研究較為分散,從某個(gè)角度的研究較為深入,而綜合性的研究相對較少。本文將影響流動(dòng)人口政治參與的影響因素分為流動(dòng)人口個(gè)人素質(zhì)和社會(huì)特征因素、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化因素、政治體制因素三大類,從這三個(gè)層面入手,較為系統(tǒng)的分析我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與存在問題產(chǎn)生的原因。同時(shí)比較全面的分析了我國現(xiàn)行的戶籍制度、政治參與制度、信訪制度、政治參與規(guī)則和程序、現(xiàn)有的政治文化氛圍對流動(dòng)人口政治參與的阻礙作用,提出制度創(chuàng)新的思路。 三、通過對流動(dòng)人口政治參與現(xiàn)狀的分析,本文認(rèn)為戶籍制度和選舉制度是限制流動(dòng)人口在流入地政治參與的一個(gè)障礙,因此,提出在我國的東部、中部和西部城市進(jìn)行試點(diǎn),然后全面深化改革戶籍制度。并在戶籍制度改革的基礎(chǔ)上提出建立以流入地為主的選民登記制度,對理論研究和實(shí)際工作有一定的借鑒意義。 四、文章通過對流動(dòng)人口在流入地和流出地政治參與的比較分析,認(rèn)為要提高流動(dòng)人口政治參與質(zhì)量,擴(kuò)大流動(dòng)人口政治參與的廣度和深度,需要給流動(dòng)人口在流入地政治參與提供參與平臺(tái),因此提出,要在流入地依托社區(qū)管理,建立以社區(qū)自治為平臺(tái)的政治參與制度。 論文的不足之處： 受本人水平和掌握材料的限制,論文在以下三方面還有待進(jìn)一步研究。第一,對流動(dòng)人口政治參與作為政治人口學(xué)的理論提升和目標(biāo)體系的研究還不夠,雖然從流入地和流出地對流動(dòng)人口政治參與現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行考察,還將影響流動(dòng)人口政治參與的因素分為三大類進(jìn)行研究,但沒有明確各影響因素在流動(dòng)人口政治參與中的權(quán)重,并且尚未建立流動(dòng)人口政治參與目標(biāo)體系,缺乏對流動(dòng)人口政治參與的定量分析；第二,文章更多的是強(qiáng)調(diào)流動(dòng)人口在流入地的政治參與,對在現(xiàn)行制度下,將流動(dòng)人口政治參與在流入地和流出地有效結(jié)合,是需要作者進(jìn)一步思考和研究的問題；第三,在分析我國流動(dòng)人口政治參與現(xiàn)狀時(shí),本文采用了筆者在成都市流動(dòng)人口政治參與的調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù),但由于調(diào)研樣本不可能足夠大,因此了解的情況不全面,提供的數(shù)據(jù)僅供參考。
[Abstract]:Political participation is an important content and symbol of modern democratic politics, an important way to realize citizens'political rights in political relations, and a key to realize democratic politics. It not only embodies the nature of political relations, but also reflects the status and role of citizens in social and political life. In 2008, according to the data provided by the relevant departments of the State Family Planning Commission, the number of floating population reached 201 million, and the scale of floating population is expected to reach 350 million by 2050. The floating population, through legal political participation, can form effective supervision over social managers and social management work, and promote the relevant decision-making departments to make policy recommendations more scientific and reasonable. At the same time, the political participation of the floating population is also an important part of China's democratic political construction and of China's political system. Reform and development can not be ignored.
On the basis of defining the three core concepts of floating population, political participation and political participation of floating population, this paper analyzes the theoretical basis of political participation of floating population in China, and provides theoretical support and analytical framework for discussing and studying the political participation of floating population in China. Based on the analysis, this paper provides a background analysis for the study of the political participation of the floating population. On this basis, it combs the relevant factors affecting the political participation of the floating population in China, and then puts forward the path choice to improve the political participation of the floating population in China.
The research method of this paper is guided by dialectical materialism and scientific outlook on development. On the basis of drawing lessons from the theoretical achievements of political participation of floating population, using dialectical materialism and historical materialism analysis method, adopting the method of combining quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis, adopting questionnaire survey, collective discussion, in-depth interview and so on. Taking the floating population as the research object, this paper makes an omni-directional and multi-angle investigation, comparison and Analysis on the current situation and future trend of the political participation of the floating population.
Logical structure of thesis
This paper is divided into five chapters. The basic idea of the study is introduction basic theory status quo description related factors analysis conclusions and countermeasures. On the basis of the analysis of the basic theory of political participation of the floating population, this paper analyzes the current situation of the floating population, makes a comparative analysis of the political participation of the floating population in the inflow and outflow areas, and explains the floating population. At this stage, the problems faced by political participation are revealed from a deeper level, and the relevant factors affecting the political participation of the floating population are analyzed. Finally, the corresponding path selection is proposed. Future exploration and research will expand broader space and vision.
The main contents of the thesis include five chapters, as follows:
Chapter 1, Introduction. The summary chapter of the article mainly explains the background, purpose and important theoretical significance and practice of the research on the political participation of the floating population. It puts forward possible innovations and shortcomings.
Chapter two, the research category and basic theory of the political participation of the floating population. Firstly, this chapter defines the three core concepts of the floating population, political participation and political participation of the floating population, and explains the theoretical basis of the political participation of the floating population in China on the basis of the concept definition, so as to discuss and study the political participation of the floating population in China. Finally, from the perspective of building a harmonious socialist society, democratic political development and social stability, this chapter further analyzes the great practical significance of political participation of floating population in China, and demonstrates the importance and urgency of political participation of floating population in China from a realistic perspective.
The third chapter is the analysis of the current situation of the political participation of the floating population in China.This chapter provides a background analysis for the study of the political participation of the floating population by analyzing the current situation of the floating population.From the perspective of the future development trend of the floating population in China, the scale of the floating population will be further expanded and the main body of the floating population will remain. On the basis of the analysis of the characteristics of the floating population, this paper makes a comparative study of the political participation of the floating population from the inflow and outflow areas, and finds that the floating population, as a special social group, is in the process of increasing in number, the vast majority of the floating population. Moving population is not included in the management system of the inflow area, and can not enjoy the welfare and public goods services in the inflow area, let alone the political participation in the inflow area. At the same time, the political participation of the floating population in the outflow area is gradually marginalized, which poses a great challenge to the construction of a harmonious socialist society.
This chapter systematically analyzes the influence of the political participation of the floating population. This paper divides the influencing factors into three categories, and on the basis of the classification of the influencing factors, analyzes in depth how the various factors affect the political participation of the floating population. One of the influencing factors is the personal quality and social characteristics of the floating population; the other is the social, economic and cultural status of the floating population, mainly from the social status of the floating population, political and cultural, mass media and political information deficiency four aspects of the impact of the floating population political participation. Third, China's existing political system, mainly from the current political participation system, petition system, urban and rural dual structure, the rules and procedures of political participation and the concentration of political power on the five aspects of the impact of migrants'political participation.
In order to build a harmonious socialist society and promote China's democratic political and social development, we should eliminate the problems existing in the political participation of the floating population and improve the quality of their political participation. We should fully realize the importance of improving the political participation of the floating population. We should deepen the reform of the household registration system through regional pilot projects, establish a voter registration system based on the inflow areas, establish a political participation system based on community autonomy in the inflow areas, guarantee the political participation of the floating population in the system and law, and improve the migrants'political participation. The degree of oral organization promotes the healthy development of community organizations and broadens the channels for political participation of floating population.
The possible innovations of the paper include the following four points:
First, the research perspective is relatively new. The political participation of the floating population belongs to the category of political demography. The potential purpose of this paper is to make a preliminary exploration of population politics, population political behavior and population political system through the study of the political participation of the floating population. In terms of social life, there is less political participation and less research on the political participation of the floating population as a whole. This paper starts with the main characteristics of the floating population, combines the basic theory of political science, and uses the theory of political participation to analyze the current situation of political participation of the floating population in China, and reveals the situation of the floating population in China from a deeper level. The political environment, tapping the root of the low quality of political participation of the floating population, has a certain degree of uniqueness in the perspective of analysis, and provides a new way to solve this problem.
Secondly, this paper makes a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the influencing factors of the political participation of the floating population in China. Previous scholars'research on the influencing factors of the political participation of the floating population is more scattered, from a certain angle is more in-depth, and the comprehensive research is relatively less. There are three kinds of factors: personal quality, social characteristics, economic and cultural factors, and political system. Starting from these three aspects, this paper makes a systematic analysis of the causes of the problems in the political participation of the floating population in China. And the existing political and cultural atmosphere has hindered the political participation of the floating population, putting forward ideas of institutional innovation.
Thirdly, through the analysis of the current situation of the political participation of the floating population, this paper holds that the household registration system and the electoral system are an obstacle to restricting the political participation of the floating population in the inflow areas. Therefore, it is proposed that the eastern, central and western cities in China should be experimented with, and then deepen the reform of the household registration system in an all-round way. Establishing a voter registration system based on the inflow area is of certain reference significance to theoretical research and practical work.
Fourthly, through the comparative analysis of the political participation of the floating population in the inflow and the outflow areas, the article holds that in order to improve the quality of the political participation of the floating population and expand the breadth and depth of the political participation of the floating population, it is necessary to provide a platform for the political participation of the floating population in the inflow area. Therefore, it is necessary to rely on community management in the inflow area and establish a platform for the political participation of the floating population. Community autonomy is the political participation system of the platform.
Shortcomings of the paper:
Limited by my level and materials, the paper needs further study in the following three aspects. First, the study on the political participation of floating population as a theoretical upgrade and target system of political demography is not enough, although the study of the current situation of political participation of floating population from the inflow and outflow areas will also affect the political participation of floating population. The factors of participation can be divided into three categories, but the weight of each factor in the political participation of the floating population has not been clearly defined, and the target system of political participation of the floating population has not been established, and the quantitative analysis of the political participation of the floating population is lacking. Secondly, the article emphasizes more on the political participation of the floating population in the inflow area than on the current situation. Under the current system, the effective combination of the political participation of the floating population in the inflow and outflow areas is a problem that needs further consideration and study by the author. Thirdly, in the analysis of the current situation of the political participation of the floating population in China, this paper uses the survey data of the political participation of the floating population in Chengdu, but because the survey sample is not large enough. Therefore, the situation is not comprehensive, and the data provided are for reference only.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C924.2;D621.5

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