【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),昆山市由落后農(nóng)業(yè)縣一躍成為全國(guó)百?gòu)?qiáng)縣之首的現(xiàn)代工商業(yè)城市。伴隨經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的巨大轉(zhuǎn)型,昆山市的人口增長(zhǎng)、分布及遷移發(fā)生深刻變化；與此同時(shí),人口發(fā)展的相應(yīng)變化也會(huì)反作用經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展。本文旨在通過(guò)分析改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)昆山市的人口增長(zhǎng)、分布及遷移現(xiàn)象,發(fā)現(xiàn)人口發(fā)展中存在的一些問(wèn)題,據(jù)此提出人口優(yōu)化調(diào)控的相關(guān)建議,以實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。 關(guān)于人口增長(zhǎng)、分布的研究,本文首先系統(tǒng)梳理了1978-2011年昆山市人口增長(zhǎng)過(guò)程,得出其歷經(jīng)1978-1989年的緩慢增長(zhǎng)期、1990—1999年的較快增長(zhǎng)期及2000—2011年的高速增長(zhǎng)期三個(gè)階段；其次從區(qū)鎮(zhèn)差異及空間集聚角度分析了2011年昆山市人口的空間分布格局,得出昆山市的人口數(shù)量分布呈現(xiàn)南低北高的態(tài)勢(shì),人口數(shù)的區(qū)鎮(zhèn)分布呈核心—邊緣的模式。人口數(shù)量分布具有一定的空間集聚性,但是集聚程度不高；最后就人口增長(zhǎng)、人口分布的影響因素進(jìn)行了分析,得出人口增長(zhǎng)、分布與經(jīng)濟(jì)因素密切相關(guān)。 關(guān)于人口遷移的研究,本文就昆山市不同人群的人口遷移現(xiàn)象分別進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明：本地人口的城鄉(xiāng)遷移進(jìn)程歷經(jīng)1978-1990年的緩慢人口城鎮(zhèn)化、1991-2000年的加速人口城鎮(zhèn)化及2001-2011年的穩(wěn)步人口城鎮(zhèn)化三階段。以鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)為主要標(biāo)志的初級(jí)工業(yè)化產(chǎn)生的拉力及戶(hù)籍制度屏障的阻力共同導(dǎo)致1978-1990年的緩慢人口城鎮(zhèn)化；以開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)建設(shè)為引領(lǐng)的高級(jí)工業(yè)化及城市規(guī)劃、戶(hù)籍制度松動(dòng)等行政合力共同推動(dòng)了人口的加速城鎮(zhèn)化；而行政區(qū)劃調(diào)整、集中居住的推行及社會(huì)保障體系的一體化建設(shè)促使人口城鎮(zhèn)化的穩(wěn)步推進(jìn),并向縱深方向發(fā)展。外來(lái)人口的遷移分為1990-1999年的較快增長(zhǎng)期、2000-2005年的高速增長(zhǎng)期及2006-2011年的穩(wěn)步增長(zhǎng)期,其主要的遷移機(jī)制是昆山經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的拉力、戶(hù)籍制度障礙的減弱及遷出區(qū)勞動(dòng)力剩余及經(jīng)濟(jì)的欠發(fā)達(dá)產(chǎn)生的推力。 通過(guò)以上關(guān)于人口增長(zhǎng)、分布及遷移的研究成果,發(fā)現(xiàn)昆山人口發(fā)展中存在的一些問(wèn)題,據(jù)此提出相關(guān)的人口優(yōu)化調(diào)控建議,促進(jìn)人口的合理發(fā)展,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, Kunshan City has become the first modern industrial and commercial city in China from a backward agricultural county. With the great economic and social transformation, the population growth, distribution and migration of Kunshan City have undergone profound changes; at the same time, the corresponding changes in population development will also counteract the economic and social development. The purpose of this paper is to find out some problems existing in population development by analyzing the phenomenon of population growth, distribution and migration in Kunshan City since the reform and opening up, and to put forward some relevant suggestions on population optimization and control in order to realize the sustainable development of economy and society. As for the research of population growth and distribution, this paper firstly systematically combs the population growth process of Kunshan City from 1978 to 2011, and concludes that the slow growth period of 1978-1989 and the faster growth period of 1990-1999 and 2000-2011 are three stages. Secondly, this paper analyzes the spatial distribution pattern of Kunshan population in 2011 from the angle of district and town difference and spatial agglomeration, and concludes that the population distribution of Kunshan city is low in the south and high in the north, and the distribution of the population in the district and town is a core-edge pattern. The distribution of population quantity has some spatial agglomeration, but the degree of agglomeration is not high. Finally, the influence factors of population growth and population distribution are analyzed, and it is concluded that population growth is closely related to economic factors. On the study of population migration, this paper analyzes the phenomenon of population migration among different groups of people in Kunshan City. The results show that the process of urban and rural migration of local population has experienced three stages of slow population urbanization in 1978-1990 and accelerated population urbanization in 1991-2000 and steady population urbanization in 2001-2011. The pull of primary industrialization, marked by township enterprises, and the resistance of household registration system barrier together led to the slow urbanization of population from 1978 to 1990, advanced industrialization and urban planning led by the construction of development zones. The loosening of the household registration system and other administrative forces have jointly promoted the accelerated urbanization of the population, while the adjustment of administrative divisions, the implementation of centralized housing and the integration of the social security system have promoted the steady progress of population urbanization and further development. The migration of foreign population can be divided into two periods: the faster growth period from 1990 to 1999 and the rapid growth period from 2000 to 2005 and the steady growth period from 2006 to 2011. The main migration mechanism is the pulling force of economic development in Kunshan. The weakening of household registration system and the push of labor surplus and underdevelopment of economy. Through the above research results on population growth, distribution and migration, we find some problems existing in the population development of Kunshan. Based on this, we put forward some suggestions on population optimization and control to promote the rational development of the population. In order to achieve sustainable economic and social development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：C924.2

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