【摘要】：流動人口已經(jīng)成為我國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展,特別是城市社會發(fā)展過程中不可或缺的組成部分,其重要性不亞于城市居民和鄉(xiāng)村村民。流動人口相關問題的解決有利于我國城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展,消除二元社會帶來的一系列矛盾。對于流動人口,我國政府一開始采用的是剛性管制方法,但隨著時代的發(fā)展,政府、相關組織和全國人民越來越發(fā)現(xiàn)為流動人口提供公平服務,促進與城市的融合才是適應時代要求的做法。 本文從社會資本理論出發(fā)對流動人口的城市融合問題進行研究。首先分析了當代中國流動人口的現(xiàn)狀:流動人口組成結構呈現(xiàn)出均衡狀態(tài),流入地分布廣泛且相對集中,職業(yè)范圍和深度有所發(fā)展等趨勢;并且進一步分析和回顧了建國以來我國政府對流動人口的政策變遷,從起初的禁止到控制再到管制以至到目前的融合等四個階段,突出流動人口城市融合的重要性,是建設和諧社會必須經(jīng)歷的過程。 其次對流動人口的社會資本構成進行分析,認為信任是流動人口社會資本構成的基礎,規(guī)范是流動人口社會資本構成的堅實保障,社會網(wǎng)絡是流動人口社會資本構成的關鍵;并且在此基礎上,進一步揭示出流動人口在城市融合中存在的問題:一是傳統(tǒng)社會資本和現(xiàn)代社會資本之間存在摩擦,對傳統(tǒng)社會資本的過分依賴阻礙著流動人口城市融合的進程,而現(xiàn)代社會資本的不足嚴重影響了流動人口城市融合的積極性;二是宏觀社會資本和中觀社會資本相互影響,即政府組織和流動人口民間組織之間存在責權利不清的問題,政府組織過分干預流動人口民間組織的內(nèi)部行為使其功能退化,無法代表流動人口的利益訴求,而流動人口民間組織本身建設不足迫使流動人口缺乏主動融入的精神;三是宏觀社會資本和微觀社會資本的交織,即政府組織和流動人口群體之間存在隔閡,政府對流動人口的認識不足,流動人口對政府的信任度不高,都是造成流動人口城市融合不順利的原因。 最后針對流動人口在城市融合中存在的缺陷,提出相關的政策建議:一是合理處理傳統(tǒng)社會資本和現(xiàn)代社會資本的關系,做到揚長避短,相互融合;二是完善宏觀社會資本和中觀社會資本關系,分清政府組織和流動人口民間組織各自的權責利,充分發(fā)揮政府的輔助功能和民間組織的合作者地位;三是全面發(fā)展宏觀、中觀和微觀社會資本,建立政府組織和流動人口群體之間的信任關系,政府信息公開和培養(yǎng)流動人口的公共精神是最主要的手段。
[Abstract]:Floating population has become an indispensable part of our country's economic and social development, especially in the process of urban social development, and its importance is no less important than that of urban residents and rural villagers. The solution of floating population problems is conducive to the overall development of urban and rural areas in China, eliminating a series of contradictions brought about by dual society. For the floating population, our government initially adopted a rigid control method. However, with the development of the times, the government, relevant organizations and the people of the whole country have increasingly found that they provide fair services to the floating population. To promote integration with the city is to adapt to the requirements of the times. Based on the theory of social capital, this paper studies the urban integration of floating population. Firstly, the paper analyzes the current situation of the floating population in China: the composition of the floating population is in a balanced state, the distribution of the floating population is widespread and relatively concentrated, and the occupation range and depth are developing; And it further analyzes and reviews the policy changes of our government on the floating population since the founding of the people's Republic of China. It emphasizes the importance of the urban integration of the floating population in the four stages from the initial prohibition to the control, and to the current integration. Is the construction harmonious society must go through the process. Secondly, by analyzing the social capital composition of floating population, the author thinks that trust is the foundation of social capital composition of floating population, norms are the solid guarantee of social capital composition of floating population, and social network is the key of social capital constitution of floating population. And on this basis, further revealed the floating population in urban integration problems: first, there is friction between traditional social capital and modern social capital, Excessive dependence on traditional social capital hinders the process of urban integration of floating population, while the insufficiency of modern social capital seriously affects the enthusiasm of urban integration of floating population. That is, there is the problem of unclear responsibilities and rights between government organizations and floating population civil organizations, and the excessive intervention of government organizations in the internal behavior of floating population organizations degenerates its function and cannot represent the interests of the floating population. However, the insufficient construction of the non-governmental organizations of the floating population forces the floating population to lack the spirit of active integration. Thirdly, there is a gap between the governmental organizations and the floating population groups, that is, the intertwining of the macro social capital and the micro social capital. The government's lack of understanding of the floating population and the low level of trust of the floating population to the government are the reasons for the unsmooth integration of the floating population in the cities. Finally, in view of the shortcomings of floating population in urban integration, the paper puts forward some relevant policy suggestions: first, to deal with the relationship between traditional social capital and modern social capital reasonably, to promote the advantages and avoid weaknesses, and to integrate each other; Second, to improve the relationship between macro-social capital and meso-social capital, to distinguish between government organizations and floating population non-governmental organizations, and to give full play to the auxiliary functions of the government and the position of non-governmental organizations as collaborators; third, to develop macroscopically in an all-round way. Medium and micro social capital, establishing trust relationship between government organization and floating population group, opening government information and cultivating the public spirit of floating population are the most important means.
【學位授予單位】：華東政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C922

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 張偉;和諧社會視域下中國當代流動人口問題研究[D];廣西師范學院;2012年

，

本文編號：2162076