本文選題：安徽省 + 出生人口性別比��； 參考：《安徽大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 在出生率穩(wěn)步下降的過程中,中國的出生人口性別比也開始從20世紀(jì)80年代末出現(xiàn)異常,并在以后的近30年中呈現(xiàn)出持續(xù)上升且居高不下的態(tài)勢(shì)。出生人口性別比問題的不斷嚴(yán)重引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注。為了平衡人口性別結(jié)構(gòu),保障人口安全和社會(huì)的良性運(yùn)行,國內(nèi)外專家、學(xué)者們從出生人口性別比偏高的特征、產(chǎn)生的原因、導(dǎo)致的后果、治理的辦法等方面對(duì)中國出生人口性別比問題作了廣泛而深入的研究。 安徽省是全國首個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)出生人口性別比異常并提交相關(guān)報(bào)告的省份。從數(shù)次人口普查、抽查數(shù)據(jù)的分析資料來看,安徽省的出生人口性別比一直高于全國平均水平,甚至成為全國出生人口性別比最嚴(yán)重的少數(shù)幾個(gè)省份之一。然而,現(xiàn)存的文獻(xiàn)資料中關(guān)于安徽省出生人口性別比問題的研究卻相對(duì)較少,僅有的相關(guān)研究也基本局限于小范圍的狀況描述,研究并不深入,視角較為單一,缺乏一定的系統(tǒng)性。因此,筆者希望通過對(duì)安徽省出生人口性別比問題的全面系統(tǒng)分析能夠提出治理出生人口性別比異常偏高的有效對(duì)策。 本研究從辯證唯物主義方法論出發(fā),以安徽省為研究對(duì)象。在廣泛借鑒國內(nèi)外相關(guān)理論視角和研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,通過對(duì)文獻(xiàn)中現(xiàn)存統(tǒng)計(jì)資料和筆者調(diào)查研究所得到的一手?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)的分析,綜合得出出生人口性別比問題的現(xiàn)狀與特點(diǎn)；在經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、社會(huì)學(xué)等多學(xué)科交叉理論的指導(dǎo)下,嘗試從經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、制度、政策、技術(shù)、管理等六大層面剖析出生人口性別比偏高的原因；以建設(shè)和諧社會(huì)為前提,分析出生人口性別比問題可能給安徽省帶來的不良后果；通過對(duì)安徽省現(xiàn)行的治理出生人口性別比問題政策與措施的評(píng)估,及對(duì)湖南、山東兩省治理出生人口性別比問題的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的參考、借鑒,綜合提出治理安徽省出生人口性別比偏高的措施和方法。 研究結(jié)果表明：出生人口性別比持續(xù)偏高是威脅安徽省人口安全的重要因素之一。經(jīng)過十余年的大力治理,出生人口性別比上升的勢(shì)頭基本得到遏制但仍在高位運(yùn)行,形勢(shì)較為嚴(yán)峻。具體表現(xiàn)為：城鄉(xiāng)差異明顯,出生人口性別比農(nóng)村高于城市。而城市間差異也較大,出生人口性別比由南向北依次升高,淮河以北是問題最為嚴(yán)重的地區(qū)也是抬高安徽省出生人口性別比的絕對(duì)力量。孩次間也表現(xiàn)出了相當(dāng)?shù)囊?guī)律性,出生人口性別比隨著孩次的上升而迅速上升。較低的受教育程度與出生人口性別比的偏高密切相關(guān)；安徽省出生人口性別比偏高持續(xù)存在的原因主要包括兩性效用的差異、社會(huì)保障的不完善、傳統(tǒng)文化的承繼性、現(xiàn)行生育政策的擠壓、B超等醫(yī)療技術(shù)的濫用和計(jì)生監(jiān)管的不到位；出生人口性別比偏高可能帶來一系列不良影響,包括造成安徽省人口結(jié)構(gòu)的失衡,男性婚姻的擠壓,增加養(yǎng)老的復(fù)雜性,阻礙經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展并影響女性社會(huì)地位的提高；治理對(duì)策筆者提倡從弱化男性偏好并加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管力度出發(fā),發(fā)展農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì),加快城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程步伐的同時(shí),切實(shí)提高女性的社會(huì)地位,完善各項(xiàng)保障制度,以期取得較好的治理效果。
[Abstract]:In the course of the steady decline in birth rate, the sex ratio of the Chinese birth population began to appear abnormal from the end of the 1980s, and has shown a trend of continuous rising and high in the next 30 years. The gender ratio of the birth population has aroused widespread concern. The benign operation of security and society, experts at home and abroad, scholars have made extensive and in-depth studies on the gender ratio of the Chinese born population from the characteristics of the high sex ratio of the birth population, the causes of the birth, the consequences, and the methods of governance.
Anhui province is the first province in China to discover the abnormal sex ratio of the birth population and submit the related reports. From the census and the analysis of data, the sex ratio of the birth population in Anhui has been higher than the national average, even one of the few provinces with the most serious sex ratio of the national population. There are relatively few studies on the sex ratio of the birth population in Anhui province. The only related research is limited to the small scope of the situation description. The study is not thorough, the perspective is relatively simple and lack of a certain systematicness. Therefore, the author hopes to make a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the gender ratio of the birth population in Anhui province. It can provide effective countermeasures to control the abnormal sex ratio of the birth population.
This study is based on the dialectical materialism methodology, taking Anhui as the research object. On the basis of extensive reference to the relevant theoretical perspectives and research results, the present situation and characteristics of the gender ratio of the birth population are obtained through the analysis of the data obtained from the existing statistical data and the author's investigation and research. Under the guidance of the multidisciplinary theory of economics and sociology, we try to analyze the reasons for the higher sex ratio of the birth population from six aspects, such as economy, culture, system, policy, technology and management. On the premise of building a harmonious society, this paper analyzes the adverse consequences that the sex ratio of the birth population may bring to Anhui province; through the current Anhui Province To evaluate the policy and measures of the sex ratio of the birth population, and to refer to the advanced experience of the two provinces in Hunan and Shandong to control the sex ratio of the birth population, and to put forward the measures and methods to control the higher sex ratio of the birth population in Anhui.
The results show that the higher sex ratio of the birth population is one of the important factors that threaten the population safety of Anhui province. After more than ten years of vigorous governance, the rising trend of the sex ratio of the birth population is basically restrained but still in high position, the situation is more severe. The specific performance is that the difference between urban and rural areas is obvious and the sex of the birth population is higher than the rural area. In the city, the difference between the cities is also larger, the sex ratio of the birth population is increased from south to north, and the most serious area in Huaihe is the absolute power to raise the sex ratio of the birth population in Anhui province. The sex ratio of the children is also quite regular, and the sex ratio of the birth population rises rapidly with the rise of the child. The degree of education is closely related to the high sex ratio of the birth population; the reasons for the high gender ratio of the birth population in Anhui include the difference in gender utility, the imperfection of the social security, the inheritance of traditional culture, the extrusion of the current birth policy, the abuse of the B-mode medical techniques and the inadequate supervision of the birth control; the birth population. The high gender ratio may bring a series of adverse effects, including the imbalance of the population structure in Anhui, the extrusion of men's marriage, the complexity of the old age, the hindrance of economic development and the improvement of the social status of women. The author advocates the development of the rural economy and quicken the city by weakening the male preference and strengthening the supervision. At the same time of urbanization, we should effectively improve women's social status and improve various safeguard systems in order to achieve better governance results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：C924.21

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 周劍;吳石英;;安徽省出生人口性別比失衡現(xiàn)狀及原因分析[J];淮海工學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(人文社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2012年22期

2 韓勝昔;葉露;;我國出生性別比升高的原因與對(duì)策[J];社區(qū)醫(yī)學(xué)雜志;2013年01期

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本文編號(hào)：1974233