本文選題：寧夏 + 計劃生育　； 參考：《中央民族大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國自20世紀(jì)70年代全面推行計劃生育政策以來,伴隨著利益導(dǎo)向機制在計劃生育工作中的運用,我國人口和計劃生育工作取得了十分顯著的成效。對于地域遼闊,自然條件惡劣,社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展滯后,生態(tài)環(huán)境脆弱,水資源嚴(yán)重短缺的寧夏南部山區(qū)來說,雖然經(jīng)過多年的努力,人口和計劃生育工作取得了可喜的局面,但是廣大群眾的生育意愿與生育政策之間的矛盾依然存在,寧夏人口形勢依然嚴(yán)峻,低生育水平還不穩(wěn)定,生育文明建設(shè)進程緩慢。如何立足區(qū)情、創(chuàng)新思路,將計劃生育工作與扶貧開發(fā)工作結(jié)合起來,改變單純依靠行政命令和經(jīng)濟懲罰手段控制計劃外生育,從根本上改變?nèi)罕姟爸啬休p女”、“多子多�！钡膫鹘y(tǒng)觀念,使貧困群眾走出“越生越窮,越窮越生”的怪圈,就成為當(dāng)前寧夏人口和計劃生育事業(yè)科學(xué)發(fā)展面臨的一個巨大挑戰(zhàn)。 本文從我國計劃生育利益導(dǎo)向機制的建立與實踐入手,結(jié)合寧夏“少生快富”工程的實踐實例,對寧夏計劃生育利益導(dǎo)向機制的基本情況進行解讀,發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)前寧夏計劃生育利益導(dǎo)向機制主要存在政策覆蓋面窄、政策引導(dǎo)力度有限、普惠性政策的不利導(dǎo)向、政策實施部門間缺少良好協(xié)作、工作重心存在偏差等問題,并從社會性別視角、公共財政投入保障機制、政策設(shè)計與制定的科學(xué)性、協(xié)調(diào)性等方面對影響寧夏計劃生育利益導(dǎo)向機制功效缺失的原因進行了分析。最后,筆者提出了完善寧夏計劃生育利益導(dǎo)向機制的一些建設(shè)性思考,力求從以下五個方面加以完善：一要增強政策決策者和執(zhí)行者的社會性別意識；二要健全公共財政投入保障機制；三要因地制宜,適時調(diào)整相關(guān)政策；四要加強政策協(xié)調(diào)機制建設(shè)；五要提高認(rèn)識轉(zhuǎn)變觀念。
[Abstract]:Since the overall implementation of family planning policy in the 1970s, China's population and family planning work have achieved remarkable results along with the application of the benefit oriented mechanism in family planning work. For the mountainous areas in southern Ningxia with vast territory, harsh natural conditions, lagging social and economic development, fragile ecological environment and severe water shortage, despite years of efforts, the population and family planning work have achieved a gratifying situation. But the contradiction between the people's fertility will and fertility policy still exists, the population situation in Ningxia is still grim, the low fertility level is not stable, and the process of fertility civilization construction is slow. How to combine family planning with poverty alleviation and development on the basis of regional conditions, how to control unplanned fertility by purely relying on administrative orders and economic punishment, and how to fundamentally change the masses' preference for boys over girls? The traditional concept of "having more children and more blessings" makes the poor people walk out of the strange circle of "being poorer and more born", which has become a great challenge to the scientific development of population and family planning in Ningxia at present. This paper starts with the establishment and practice of the interest oriented mechanism of family planning in our country, combined with the practical example of Ningxia project of "having fewer children and getting rich quickly", and interprets the basic situation of the benefit oriented mechanism of family planning in Ningxia. It is found that the current interest oriented mechanism of family planning in Ningxia mainly has some problems, such as narrow policy coverage, limited policy guidance, unfavorable orientation of inclusive policy, lack of good cooperation among policy implementation departments, and deviation in the focus of work. And from the perspective of social gender, the mechanism of public financial investment, the scientific and coordination of policy design and formulation, this paper analyzes the reasons for the lack of effectiveness of the benefit oriented mechanism of family planning in Ningxia. Finally, the author puts forward some constructive thoughts on how to perfect the benefit oriented mechanism of family planning in Ningxia, and tries to perfect it from the following five aspects: first, strengthen the gender consciousness of policy makers and executors; The second is to perfect the mechanism of ensuring public financial input; the third is to adjust the relevant policies according to local conditions; the fourth is to strengthen the construction of policy coordination mechanism; and the fifth is to raise awareness and change ideas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C924.21

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