本文選題：人口發(fā)展功能分區(qū) + 分區(qū)引導(dǎo)��； 參考：《西北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：人口與經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、資源、環(huán)境等要素的不相協(xié)調(diào)是目前制約我國區(qū)域發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵問題之一。這些問題在我國山區(qū)、貧困區(qū)和生態(tài)屏障區(qū)顯得尤為突出。通過綜合評價(jià)區(qū)域人口發(fā)展的自然環(huán)境基底以及社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件,可以有效調(diào)控人口在空間上的合理布局,引導(dǎo)人口在空間上的有序流動(dòng)與適度集聚,促進(jìn)人與自然的協(xié)調(diào)和區(qū)域的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。論文在借鑒國內(nèi)外已有理論和實(shí)證研究的基礎(chǔ)上,以通遼市為研究區(qū),以鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)為研究單元,從人居環(huán)境適宜性、資源承載力、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平3個(gè)方面構(gòu)建了人口發(fā)展功能分區(qū)指標(biāo)體系;運(yùn)用基于熵值法的綜合指數(shù)法分別計(jì)算了各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)的人居環(huán)境指數(shù)、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展指數(shù)等;結(jié)合多因素綜合評定法、空間疊置分析、系統(tǒng)聚類分析等方法,劃分出了通遼市4類人口發(fā)展功能區(qū),并用ArcGIS對分區(qū)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了可視化表達(dá);最后,針對各類型區(qū)人口發(fā)展的特點(diǎn),結(jié)合通遼市生態(tài)環(huán)境狀況,提出了相應(yīng)的發(fā)展對策和建議。論文主要結(jié)論如下:(1)應(yīng)用資源環(huán)境承載力理論、可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論和適度人口理論等,詳細(xì)闡述了人口發(fā)展功能分區(qū)的原理與方法,明確了人口發(fā)展功能區(qū)的基本概念和內(nèi)涵、總體思路、主要任務(wù)和分區(qū)方法,解決了人口發(fā)展功能分區(qū)的理論依據(jù)問題。(2)基于通遼市的生態(tài)問題以及社會(huì)發(fā)展問題,有針對性地選取了人口發(fā)展功能分區(qū)的評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,并構(gòu)建了相關(guān)分析模型,解決了人口發(fā)展功能分區(qū)的方法問題;在此基礎(chǔ)上,借鑒國內(nèi)外相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn),構(gòu)建了人口發(fā)展功能分區(qū)的判別方法體系,解決了人口發(fā)展功能分區(qū)的技術(shù)問題。(3)依據(jù)通遼市不同鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)人居環(huán)境適宜性、資源承載能力、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平等指標(biāo),采用基于ArcGIS的多因素空間疊置分析和基于SPSS的系統(tǒng)聚類分析方法劃分出通遼市4類人口發(fā)展功能區(qū),并針對各區(qū)域生態(tài)環(huán)境、人口發(fā)展特點(diǎn),提出了差別化的分區(qū)引導(dǎo)策略。(4)通遼市中部平原區(qū)的人居環(huán)境適宜性最優(yōu),西南部低山丘陵區(qū)次之,北部高山區(qū)最差;通遼市土地資源情況很不容樂觀,耕地資源空間分布不均,呈現(xiàn)南北盈余、中部超載的狀態(tài);草地資源正處于牲畜數(shù)量過多而草場質(zhì)量不斷下降的惡性循環(huán);通遼市水資源以地下水為主,水資源空間分布不均,是制約通遼市社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要制約因素;從經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平來看,通遼市重點(diǎn)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)帶動(dòng)及輻射能力比較薄弱,經(jīng)濟(jì)低迷是各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)普遍存在的經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象。(5)通遼市人口發(fā)展功能區(qū)特點(diǎn)如下:①通遼市人口發(fā)展功能區(qū)主要由人口疏散區(qū)以及人口穩(wěn)定區(qū)構(gòu)成,其次是人口適度集聚區(qū)和人口限制區(qū)。②通遼市人口限制區(qū)以阿日昆都楞鎮(zhèn)、巴雅爾吐胡碩鎮(zhèn)等山區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村為主,自然環(huán)境不適宜人類長期居住,未來應(yīng)積極推進(jìn)人口退出計(jì)劃,以保障生態(tài)安全。③通遼市人口疏散區(qū)以阿古拉鎮(zhèn)、扣河子鎮(zhèn)等一般性鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)為主要形態(tài),人口與資源環(huán)境相對失衡,未來人口發(fā)展應(yīng)以疏散為主,適度做點(diǎn)狀集中。④通遼市人口穩(wěn)定區(qū)以金寶屯鎮(zhèn)、�？垫�(zhèn)等一般鎮(zhèn)和重點(diǎn)鎮(zhèn)為主要形態(tài),人口與資源環(huán)境相對協(xié)調(diào),但發(fā)展空間不大,未來人口發(fā)展應(yīng)相對集中,適度接納轉(zhuǎn)移人口。⑤通遼市人口適度集聚區(qū)以遼河鎮(zhèn)、大林鎮(zhèn)等旗縣駐地和重點(diǎn)鎮(zhèn)為主要形態(tài),人口與資源環(huán)境基本協(xié)調(diào),人口具有較大的發(fā)展空間和發(fā)展?jié)摿?未來應(yīng)提高人口集聚度,調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),提高科技含量,實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)又好又快發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The non coordination of the factors such as population and economy, society, resources and environment is one of the key problems that restrict the regional development in China. These problems are particularly prominent in the mountainous areas, poor areas and ecological barriers in our country. Through the comprehensive evaluation of the natural environment base of the regional population development and the social and economic conditions, the population can be effectively controlled. The rational layout of the space, guiding the orderly flow and the moderate agglomeration of the population in space, promoting the coordination of human and nature and the sustainable development of the region. On the basis of the existing theoretical and empirical research at home and abroad, the paper takes the Tongliao as the research area and the township as a single yuan, from the suitability of human settlements, the carrying capacity of resources, and the economic development. The index system of population development function zoning is constructed in 3 aspects, and the comprehensive index method based on entropy method is used to calculate the living environment index and economic development index of the villages and towns, and the 4 types of population development function zones in Tongliao are divided by the method of multi factor comprehensive evaluation, space superposition analysis and systematic cluster analysis. The results were visualized with ArcGIS. Finally, in view of the characteristics of population development in various types and the ecological environment situation in Tongliao, the corresponding development countermeasures and suggestions were put forward. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the theory of carrying capacity of resources and environment, the theory of sustainable development and the theory of moderate population, and so on, are described in detail. The principle and method of functional zoning for the development of the mouth clearly define the basic concept and connotation of the functional area of population development, the general idea, the main task and the method of zoning, and solve the theoretical basis of the functional zoning of the population development. (2) based on the ecological problems and social development problems in Tongliao, the functional zoning of the population development is selected. The evaluation index system and the relevant analysis model have been constructed to solve the method problem of the functional zoning of population development. On the basis of this, the discriminant method system of the functional zoning of population development is constructed by reference to the relevant experience at home and abroad, and the technical problems of the functional zoning of population development are solved. (3) according to the suitable living environment of different villages and towns in Tongliao Nature, resources carrying capacity, economic development level and other indicators, using ArcGIS based multi factor space superposition analysis and SPSS based system clustering analysis method to divide the 4 types of population development functional areas in Tongliao, and put forward differential zoning guidance strategies for the ecological environment and population development characteristics of each region. (4) the central plain of Tongliao. In the southwest, the low mountain and hilly area and the northern alpine area are the worst. The land resources in Tongliao are not optimistic, the spatial distribution of the cultivated land is uneven, the north and South surplus and the central overloading state; the grassland resources are in the vicious circle of the excessive quantity of livestock and the continuous decline in the quality of the grassland; the water resources in Tongliao city. The source is mainly groundwater and the spatial distribution of water resources is uneven. It is an important restriction factor that restricts the social and economic development of Tongliao city. From the level of economic development, the economic driving and radiation ability of the key towns in Tongliao are relatively weak, and the economic downturn is the economic phenomenon commonly existed in the villages and towns. (5) the characteristics of Tongliao population development function area are as follows: (1) the population development function area of Tongliao is mainly composed of population evacuation zone and population stable area, followed by population moderate agglomeration area and population restricted area. (2) the population restricted area in Tongliao city is mainly in the area of mountainous and mountainous countryside such as the town of ah king, the town of Pui Duhu, and other mountainous villages. The natural environment is not suitable for the long-term living of human beings, and the future should actively promote the withdrawal of the population. In order to protect the ecological security, the main form of Tongliao population evacuation area, such as the town of askah town and the buckle River town, is the main form, the population and the resources and environment are relatively unbalance. The future population development should be mainly evacuate and moderately focus. The main form of Tongliao population stable area is the general town and key town, such as Jin baun town and Baokang town. State, the population and the resource environment are relatively coordinated, but the development space is not large, the future population development should be relatively concentrated, moderate acceptance of the transfer of population. 5. Tongliao city population moderate agglomeration area is the main form of Qi county Garrison and key towns, such as Liaohe Town, Dalin town, and the basic coordination of population and resources and environment, the population has greater development space and potential for development. In the future, we should increase the population concentration, adjust the industrial structure, raise the content of science and technology, and achieve sound and fast economic development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C924.2

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