本文選題：流動人口 + 入籍��； 參考：《山東社會科學(xué)》2013年12期

【摘要】：本文著重對近代之前流動人口入籍制度進(jìn)行考察。根據(jù)本研究,近代之前流動人口入籍制度分為三類,即社會秩序正常、穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)下的入籍制度(有條件入籍制度),社會秩序重建、經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù)時期的入籍制度(無限制入籍制度),流民聚集難以扭轉(zhuǎn)時期讓步入籍制度。在第一種情況下,政府對居住年久、置有產(chǎn)業(yè)以及有家室的流民,甚至逃戶,多允許或主張其入籍,成為新的賦役人口。而對無產(chǎn)業(yè)、單身或行動不定者,則采取措施促使其回籍。第二種情況下,政府的首要任務(wù)是安輯流民、恢復(fù)經(jīng)濟(jì),因而對其選擇返鄉(xiāng)還是在現(xiàn)居地入籍不作限制。第三種情況下,流民大規(guī)模涌入某一地區(qū),并獲得比較穩(wěn)定的生存條件,政府試圖將其驅(qū)回原籍,卻遭到抵制,或驅(qū)而復(fù)返,政府不得不改變策略,允許其在當(dāng)?shù)厝爰?以緩和官民矛盾。傳統(tǒng)時代流動人口入籍政策具有剛?cè)嵯酀?jì)特征,"剛"表現(xiàn)為政府盡可能限制民眾離開家鄉(xiāng)戶籍體系,"柔"則為有條件允許流動人口在謀生地區(qū)入籍,戶籍制度的僵化程度有所降低。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the naturalization system of floating population before modern times. According to this study, the naturalization system of floating population before modern times can be divided into three categories, that is, the naturalization system under normal social order and stable state (conditional naturalization system, social order reconstruction). In the period of economic recovery, the naturalization system (unrestricted naturalization system) is difficult to reverse. In the first case, the government allowed or advocated the naturalization of the displaced persons who lived for a long time, had property and had families, or even fled, and became the new taxing population. For those without property, single or mobile, measures are taken to promote their return. In the second case, the government's primary task is to reclaim the displaced and restore the economy, so there are no restrictions on whether they will return home or naturalize in their current place of residence. In the third case, the mass influx of displaced persons into a given area and their relatively stable living conditions, the Government's attempts to refoulement them to their places of origin were resisted, or forced to return, and the Government had to change its strategy to allow them to naturalize there, To ease the conflict between the government and the people. In the traditional times, the naturalization policy of floating population has the characteristic of being rigid and soft. "Gang" shows that the government restricts the people to leave the household registration system of their hometown as far as possible, and "soft" means that the floating population is allowed to naturalize in the areas where they earn a living. The degree of fossilization of the household registration system has been reduced.
【作者單位】： 中國社會科學(xué)院人口與勞動經(jīng)濟(jì)研究所;
【基金】：國家社科基金項(xiàng)目“制度人口學(xué)”(批準(zhǔn)號:04BRK0003)的階段性成果
【分類號】：K25;C92-09

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