本文選題：收入不平等　切入點(diǎn)：代際收入流動(dòng)　出處：《財(cái)經(jīng)研究》2017年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：收入不平等問題和人口生育率過低問題是當(dāng)下中國(guó)面臨的兩大難題,但目前理論界關(guān)于人口因素與收入不平等關(guān)系的研究,很少?gòu)纳室暯莵砜疾煲约翱紤]代際收入流動(dòng)在其中的作用。文章從理論與經(jīng)驗(yàn)兩個(gè)方面來考察生育率對(duì)收入不平等的影響,理論模型表明:在關(guān)于代際收入流動(dòng)的假設(shè)下,一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體中生育率的提高會(huì)使窮人比重提高,進(jìn)而拉大收入不平等。進(jìn)一步地,文章利用1970-2011年76個(gè)國(guó)家(地區(qū))面板數(shù)據(jù)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)研究發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)總和生育率的提高會(huì)拉大收入不平等,如果每個(gè)婦女平均多生育一個(gè)孩子,將會(huì)使基尼系數(shù)增加0.025;(2)以出生率作為總和生育率替代指標(biāo)的實(shí)證結(jié)果與基準(zhǔn)結(jié)果基本一致,這說明不同生育率測(cè)算指標(biāo)高度相關(guān)且可相互替代;(3)對(duì)于代際收入流動(dòng)彈性越高、收入水平越低或生育率越高的國(guó)家(地區(qū)),其生育率提高對(duì)收入不平等的拉大作用越大。文章關(guān)于生育率對(duì)收入不平等影響的作用機(jī)制和異質(zhì)性特征的考察,對(duì)于我國(guó)如何在實(shí)施"全面二孩"政策下尋求應(yīng)對(duì)嚴(yán)峻的收入分配問題之策提供了國(guó)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)和啟示。
[Abstract]:Income inequality and low fertility rate are two major problems facing China. However, the current theoretical research on the relationship between population factors and income inequality, The effects of intergenerational income flow on income inequality are rarely examined from the perspective of fertility and from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. Theoretical models show that: under the hypothesis of intergenerational income flow, An increase in fertility in an economy increases the proportion of the poor, which in turn increases income inequality. Using empirical data from 76 countries (regions) from 1970 to 2011, the article found that an increase in total fertility increases income inequality, if on average a woman has one more child. It will increase the Gini coefficient by 0.025%) the empirical results of using birth rate as a substitute indicator for total fertility are basically consistent with the results of the benchmark, which indicates that different fertility indicators are highly correlated and can be substituted for each other.) the higher the elasticity of income flow between generations, the higher the elasticity of income flows between generations. The lower the income level or the higher the fertility rate, the greater the contribution of fertility increase to income inequality. This paper examines the mechanism and heterogeneity of the effect of fertility on income inequality. It provides international experience and enlightenment on how to deal with the severe problem of income distribution under the policy of "comprehensive two-child" in China.
【作者單位】： 廈門大學(xué)王亞南經(jīng)濟(jì)研究院;華南師范大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)與管理學(xué)院;華南師范大學(xué)華南市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)研究中心;華僑大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)與金融學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金青年項(xiàng)目(16CRK017)
【分類號(hào)】：F124.7;C924.2

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