【摘要】： 靜電紡絲技術(shù)是人們目前競相研究的熱門課題,自2002年以來,關(guān)于靜電紡絲方法制備無機(jī)氧化物纖維的報(bào)道及成果也日益增多,然而關(guān)于靜電紡絲法制備多元氧化物纖維的研究卻相對較少。本文通過溶膠-凝膠方法和靜電紡絲法制備了PZT鐵電纖維、TiO_2/ZnO半導(dǎo)體復(fù)合纖維和YIG磁光纖維,探討靜電紡絲方法在多元氧化物纖維制備中的應(yīng)用。 首先,本文系統(tǒng)研究了制備復(fù)合氧化物半導(dǎo)體微納米纖維時,靜電紡絲技術(shù)中各種影響因素如有機(jī)物濃度、流體流動速度、電壓和極點(diǎn)與極板間距離等因素對纖維直徑和形貌的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),電壓、流動速率的增大,都會導(dǎo)致直徑變粗,極點(diǎn)和極板間的距離的增大則導(dǎo)致直徑變細(xì);同時,PVP的濃度的變化也會對纖維形貌產(chǎn)生影響。 本文以高聚物(PVP)和無機(jī)鹽為原料,利用溶膠凝膠結(jié)合靜電紡絲法制備了高聚物/無機(jī)鹽復(fù)合纖維,將此纖維進(jìn)行熱處理獲得了PZT纖維、TiO_2-ZnO復(fù)合纖維和YIG纖維。采用差熱分析,掃描電鏡,X射線衍射,電滯回線等分析手段對纖維進(jìn)行了表征。 探討了熱處理溫度的變化以及制備過程中Zr/Ti比例的變化對纖維性能的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,與熱處理前相比較,熱處理后纖維直徑變小,長度變短,表面出現(xiàn)空洞而粗糙:隨熱處理溫度的升高,纖維直徑變小,纖維變短;700℃時,結(jié)晶完成,形成典型的鈣鈦礦結(jié)構(gòu);對PZT(52/48)纖維而言,熱處理溫度為600℃時,纖維鐵電性能最好;對不同成分(Zr/Ti比例)的PZT纖維而言,準(zhǔn)同型晶界附近的PZT(52/48)纖維的鐵電性能最好。 探討了Ti/Zn比例的變化對纖維性能的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,與熱處理前相比較,熱處理后,纖維直徑變小,長度變短,表面出現(xiàn)空洞而粗糙;對TiO_2纖維而言,主要是銳鈦礦,并存在少量金紅石相,ZnO為典型的六方纖鋅礦結(jié)構(gòu),當(dāng)TiO_2:ZnO為1:1或3:1時,形成部分Zn_2TiO_3。 探討了熱處理溫度的變化對纖維性能的影響。與熱處理前相比較,熱處理后纖維直徑變小,長度變短,表面出現(xiàn)空洞而粗糙;隨熱處理溫度的升高,纖維直徑變小,纖維變短;800℃,結(jié)晶完成,形成典型的石榴石結(jié)構(gòu),并存在少量的YIP和Fe_2O_3。 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,靜電紡絲法為多元氧化物纖維的制備提供了一條嶄新的途徑。
[Abstract]:Electrostatic spinning technology has been a hot topic in recent years. Since 2002, there have been more and more reports and achievements on the preparation of inorganic oxide fibers by electrostatic spinning. However, there are few studies on the preparation of polyoxide fibers by electrostatic spinning. In this paper, PZT ferroelectric fiber, TiO_2/ZnO semiconductor composite fiber and YIG magneto-optic fiber were prepared by sol-gel method and electrostatic spinning method. The application of electrostatic spinning method in the preparation of polyoxide fiber was discussed. Firstly, in this paper, the influence factors of electrospinning, such as the concentration of organic matter and the velocity of fluid flow, are systematically studied in the preparation of composite oxide semiconductor microfibers. The influence of voltage and distance between pole and plate on fiber diameter and morphology. It is found that the increase of voltage and flow rate will lead to the thickening of the diameter, the increase of the distance between the poles and the plate will lead to the diameter becoming thinner, and the change of the concentration of PVP will also affect the morphology of the fiber. In this paper, polymer / inorganic salt composite fiber was prepared by sol gel and electrostatic spinning from polymer (PVP) and inorganic salt. PZT fiber, TiO_2-ZnO composite fiber and YIG fiber were obtained by heat treatment. The fibers were characterized by differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and hysteresis loop analysis. The effects of heat treatment temperature and the ratio of Zr/Ti on the properties of the fibers were discussed. The experimental results show that the diameter and length of the fibers become smaller and shorter after heat treatment, and the surface of the fibers becomes hollow and rough. With the increase of heat treatment temperature, the diameter of the fibers becomes smaller and the fibers become shorter. The typical perovskite structure was formed at 700 鈩，

本文編號：2415579