論我國行政權的法制監(jiān)督
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-19 15:52
【摘要】：在我國,行政機關行使行政權涉及政治、經濟、文化、衛(wèi)生、科技等社會領域。與此同時,行政機關行使行政權是為了履行保障公民的人身、民主及其他權利,保護合法財產,維護社會秩序等職責。然而,正如孟德斯鳩在《論法的精神》所說過的那樣：“一切有權力的人都容易濫用權力,這是萬古不易的一條經驗,有權力的人們使用權力一直遇到有界限的地方才休止�！泵系滤锅F的這句話體現(xiàn)了為了遏止濫用權力,必須有健全的約束機制來監(jiān)督權力行使的思想。在我國現(xiàn)實社會生活中,行政權監(jiān)督機制的不完善,這也導致了我國經常出現(xiàn)行政權濫用情況。 因此,為了滿足公民日益增長的需要和促進社會的公平,應對我國日益復雜的社會矛盾和問題,并適應節(jié)奏日益加快的社會環(huán)境,對行政權加以有效地監(jiān)督就顯得尤為必要。如何監(jiān)督行政權的合法行使成為法學界等社會各界研究、探討的重要課題。全文主要從五個部分來論述行政權的法制監(jiān)督問題。 第一部分是緒論。主要包括國內外研究現(xiàn)狀述評、選題的理論意義和現(xiàn)實意義、研究思路和研究方法、研究的重點和難點等。 第二部分主要闡述我國行政權濫用的表現(xiàn)和原因。首先介紹了行政權的概念、內容、特征,其次簡要概述了行政權濫用的表現(xiàn),最后,分析了我國行政權濫用的原因。寬泛的行政裁量權和控制、監(jiān)督行政權乏力是導致我國行政權易于濫用的兩大方面原因。 第三部分論述我國行政權法制監(jiān)督的依據和概況。首先分析了行政權需要受到有效監(jiān)督的理論依據和現(xiàn)實需要。為了遏止濫用權力,必須制約權力,也就是說要有一套健全的制約、監(jiān)督的制度來規(guī)范權力的行使。行政權幾乎涉及到社會生活的各個領域,行使的頻率最高,和公民、法人等有著密切的聯(lián)系。此外,任何國家的權力行使都會產生社會效果,而在國家權力中行政權產生的社會效果最為突出。所以這些就要求我們更有必要對行政權進行監(jiān)督。然后論述我國監(jiān)督行政權體系的制度構建。在我國,對行政權進行的監(jiān)督體系概括為外部監(jiān)督和內部監(jiān)督。外部監(jiān)督主要有人大以及人大常委會的監(jiān)督、人民法院的監(jiān)督、社會(主要包括人民群眾及新聞媒體)監(jiān)督。行政權的內部監(jiān)督分為一般監(jiān)督和專門監(jiān)督。一般監(jiān)督主要指上下級行政機關的監(jiān)督,也就是上級行政機關基于行政隸屬關系對下級行政機關所實施的監(jiān)督,包括備案審查制度、報告工作制度、執(zhí)法監(jiān)督檢查制度、相關事項審批制度等；專門監(jiān)督則包括審計監(jiān)督、行政監(jiān)察和行政復議。 第四部分對如何完善我國行政權法制監(jiān)督體系進行了思考。思考主要是從分析我國行政權監(jiān)督體系存在的問題入手,然后再針對性地提出相應的對策。 第五部分主要論述我國行政程序制度的構建和完善。本部分先分析了構建和完善行政程序制度的必要性及重要性。然后著重地論述了行政程序制度兩大核心制度—行政公開制度和行政聽證制度的構建及完善。
[Abstract]:At the same time, the administrative organs exercise administrative power in order to fulfill their duties of protecting citizens'personal, democratic and other rights, protecting legitimate property and maintaining social order. However, as Montesquieu said in the Spirit of the Law It is an eternal and difficult experience that all people with power are prone to abuse their power, and that the use of power by people with power never ceases until they encounter boundaries. In life, the imperfect supervision mechanism of administrative power has also led to the frequent abuse of administrative power in China.
Therefore, in order to meet the growing needs of citizens and promote social equity, to cope with China's increasingly complex social contradictions and problems, and to adapt to the accelerating pace of social environment, it is particularly necessary to effectively supervise the executive power. This paper mainly discusses the legal supervision of administrative power from five parts.
The first part is the introduction, mainly including the review of domestic and foreign research status, the theoretical and practical significance of the topic, research ideas and methods, research focus and difficulties.
The second part mainly elaborates the manifestations and causes of abuse of administrative power in China. First, it introduces the concept, content and characteristics of administrative power. Secondly, it briefly summarizes the manifestations of abuse of administrative power. Finally, it analyzes the causes of abuse of administrative power in China. Two main reasons.
The third part discusses the basis and general situation of the legal supervision of administrative power in our country.Firstly, it analyzes the theoretical basis and practical needs of the effective supervision of administrative power.In order to curb the abuse of power, we must restrict power, that is to say, we must have a sound system of supervision to regulate the exercise of power. In addition, the exercise of power in any country will produce social effects, and in the state power, the social effects produced by the administrative power are the most prominent. Therefore, these require us to supervise the executive power more necessary. Then discuss the supervision of the executive power in our country. Institutional construction of the regime system. In China, the supervision system of the executive power is summarized as external supervision and internal supervision. The external supervision mainly includes the supervision of the NPC and the Standing Committee of the NPC, the supervision of the people's court and the supervision of the society (mainly including the people and the media). The internal supervision of the executive power is divided into general supervision and special supervision. General supervision mainly refers to the supervision of higher and lower administrative organs, i.e. the supervision of lower administrative organs by higher administrative organs on the basis of administrative subordinate relations, including the filing review system, the reporting work system, the law enforcement supervision and inspection system, the examination and approval system of related matters, etc. Specialized supervision includes audit supervision, administrative supervision and administration. Reconsideration.
The fourth part ponders on how to perfect the legal supervision system of administrative power in China. The thinking mainly starts with the analysis of the problems existing in the supervision system of administrative power in China, and then puts forward corresponding countermeasures.
The fifth part mainly discusses the construction and perfection of our country's administrative procedure system.This part first analyzes the necessity and importance of constructing and perfecting the administrative procedure system.Then it emphatically discusses the construction and perfection of the two core systems of the administrative procedure system-the administrative open system and the administrative hearing system.
【學位授予單位】：江南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D922.1
本文編號：2250580
[Abstract]:At the same time, the administrative organs exercise administrative power in order to fulfill their duties of protecting citizens'personal, democratic and other rights, protecting legitimate property and maintaining social order. However, as Montesquieu said in the Spirit of the Law It is an eternal and difficult experience that all people with power are prone to abuse their power, and that the use of power by people with power never ceases until they encounter boundaries. In life, the imperfect supervision mechanism of administrative power has also led to the frequent abuse of administrative power in China.
Therefore, in order to meet the growing needs of citizens and promote social equity, to cope with China's increasingly complex social contradictions and problems, and to adapt to the accelerating pace of social environment, it is particularly necessary to effectively supervise the executive power. This paper mainly discusses the legal supervision of administrative power from five parts.
The first part is the introduction, mainly including the review of domestic and foreign research status, the theoretical and practical significance of the topic, research ideas and methods, research focus and difficulties.
The second part mainly elaborates the manifestations and causes of abuse of administrative power in China. First, it introduces the concept, content and characteristics of administrative power. Secondly, it briefly summarizes the manifestations of abuse of administrative power. Finally, it analyzes the causes of abuse of administrative power in China. Two main reasons.
The third part discusses the basis and general situation of the legal supervision of administrative power in our country.Firstly, it analyzes the theoretical basis and practical needs of the effective supervision of administrative power.In order to curb the abuse of power, we must restrict power, that is to say, we must have a sound system of supervision to regulate the exercise of power. In addition, the exercise of power in any country will produce social effects, and in the state power, the social effects produced by the administrative power are the most prominent. Therefore, these require us to supervise the executive power more necessary. Then discuss the supervision of the executive power in our country. Institutional construction of the regime system. In China, the supervision system of the executive power is summarized as external supervision and internal supervision. The external supervision mainly includes the supervision of the NPC and the Standing Committee of the NPC, the supervision of the people's court and the supervision of the society (mainly including the people and the media). The internal supervision of the executive power is divided into general supervision and special supervision. General supervision mainly refers to the supervision of higher and lower administrative organs, i.e. the supervision of lower administrative organs by higher administrative organs on the basis of administrative subordinate relations, including the filing review system, the reporting work system, the law enforcement supervision and inspection system, the examination and approval system of related matters, etc. Specialized supervision includes audit supervision, administrative supervision and administration. Reconsideration.
The fourth part ponders on how to perfect the legal supervision system of administrative power in China. The thinking mainly starts with the analysis of the problems existing in the supervision system of administrative power in China, and then puts forward corresponding countermeasures.
The fifth part mainly discusses the construction and perfection of our country's administrative procedure system.This part first analyzes the necessity and importance of constructing and perfecting the administrative procedure system.Then it emphatically discusses the construction and perfection of the two core systems of the administrative procedure system-the administrative open system and the administrative hearing system.
【學位授予單位】：江南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D922.1
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