【摘要】： 民主技術(shù)是政治學(xué)的一個新話語。當(dāng)今時代,在民主作為一種普適性的價值理念越來越被人們接受之后,人們對民主的關(guān)注也越來越從價值層面轉(zhuǎn)向價值層面與技術(shù)層面相結(jié)合的方面。因?yàn)槊裰鞅旧淼膶?shí)現(xiàn)在很大程度上更加依賴民主技術(shù)的發(fā)展程度。從雅典城邦用抽簽、貝殼放逐(也譯為陶片放逐)、投豆子等民主方法,到近代代議制民主技術(shù)的出現(xiàn),再到當(dāng)代電子民主技術(shù)以及協(xié)商民主技術(shù)的問世,都體現(xiàn)了人類對民主技術(shù)的探索和不懈追求。中國特色社會主義民主的實(shí)現(xiàn)也離不開民主技術(shù)的支撐,對民主技術(shù)的研究和實(shí)踐是中國特色社會主義政治文明的題中應(yīng)有之義。這一問題也是當(dāng)代中國政治生活中的重要課題。 作為政治學(xué)研究的一個新視角,如何構(gòu)建民主技術(shù)的基本理論,是有效地進(jìn)行當(dāng)代中國民主技術(shù)實(shí)踐研究的前提。本論文正是從民主技術(shù)的理論構(gòu)建出發(fā),進(jìn)而分析其在當(dāng)代中國的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、困境及其產(chǎn)生原因,并試圖通過揭示民主技術(shù)的發(fā)展創(chuàng)新途徑來推動中國特色社會主義民主制度的有效運(yùn)行,保障社會主義民主價值的逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)。 論文首先對當(dāng)代中國民主技術(shù)的研究進(jìn)行論域界定。本文所言的“民主技術(shù)”是基于政治學(xué)的學(xué)科范圍而非技術(shù)哲學(xué)的學(xué)科范圍,區(qū)別于程序民主,并且對民主限定為“現(xiàn)代民主”即代議制基礎(chǔ)上的憲政民主,進(jìn)而分析在這一民主過程中的民主技術(shù)的具體類型及發(fā)展演變。這是進(jìn)行本課題研究首先需要確定的前提。 論文嘗試對民主技術(shù)的基本理論進(jìn)行構(gòu)建。通過對民主技術(shù)的概念和內(nèi)涵,本質(zhì)與特性,結(jié)構(gòu)、形態(tài)與功能等具體范疇進(jìn)行分析,建立對民主技術(shù)的初步認(rèn)識;進(jìn)而從憲政民主過程視角對民主技術(shù)進(jìn)行選舉民主技術(shù)、決策民主技術(shù)和監(jiān)督民主技術(shù)三大技術(shù)類型的分類,并分別詳述了各自發(fā)展演變的歷史和具體的技術(shù)內(nèi)容;最后,在對民主技術(shù)進(jìn)行合理性和可行性的綜合評價體系的構(gòu)建的基礎(chǔ)上,對一些典型的民主技術(shù)進(jìn)行分析,使之更能清晰地了解民主技術(shù)的功效及其運(yùn)行環(huán)境。 論文的落腳點(diǎn)是闡述當(dāng)代中國民主技術(shù)的發(fā)展。在第四章、第五章的內(nèi)容中,首先是對中國民主技術(shù)的發(fā)展歷程進(jìn)行梳理,接著,重點(diǎn)對當(dāng)代中國民主技術(shù)的發(fā)展成就和困境進(jìn)行具體分析,認(rèn)為,當(dāng)前我國已經(jīng)建立起一套較為完整的民主技術(shù)體系,在一定程度上保障了社會主義民主制度的正常運(yùn)行。但不可否認(rèn)的是,我國民主技術(shù)還處于發(fā)展的初期,還存在很多缺陷和不足,主要表現(xiàn)為民主技術(shù)的供給與合理性不足,民主技術(shù)的人為操作或違法操作導(dǎo)致民主技術(shù)運(yùn)行的形式化和結(jié)果的負(fù)向化,在很大程度上抑制了社會主義民主價值的實(shí)現(xiàn),使社會主義的民主理想僅僅是“看起來很美”,與民主實(shí)踐形成反差。導(dǎo)致這種發(fā)展困境的原因除了民主技術(shù)本身的原因之外,更重要的是受制于當(dāng)代中國的政治生態(tài)環(huán)境的不成熟。最后通過對民主自身的發(fā)展邏輯及當(dāng)代中國民主政治建設(shè)的重點(diǎn)方向的分析,得出選舉民主技術(shù)是當(dāng)代中國民主技術(shù)發(fā)展的重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域,詳細(xì)分析了當(dāng)代中國選舉民主技術(shù)的不足與缺陷,并提出了相應(yīng)的完善措施。 當(dāng)代中國社會主義民主價值的實(shí)現(xiàn)還要建立在立足我國國情基礎(chǔ)上對民主技術(shù)的突破與創(chuàng)新,論文第五章詳細(xì)分析了當(dāng)代中國民主技術(shù)運(yùn)用和創(chuàng)新對中國民主政治發(fā)展的重要意義。即訓(xùn)練和培養(yǎng)生活在得到長足發(fā)育的公民社會基礎(chǔ)上的現(xiàn)代公民、促進(jìn)民主的“增量”發(fā)展、增強(qiáng)執(zhí)政的合法性基礎(chǔ)和形成和諧、有序和穩(wěn)定的政治秩序。還通過對當(dāng)代中國民主技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的內(nèi)在動力與外在條件、創(chuàng)新的原則進(jìn)行剖析,進(jìn)而分析當(dāng)代中國在選舉民主、決策民主和監(jiān)督民主的民主過程中民主技術(shù)的具體創(chuàng)新方向,為當(dāng)代中國加快民主政治建設(shè)進(jìn)程提供一定的借鑒。 論文最后對當(dāng)代中國民主技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢進(jìn)行展望。認(rèn)為雖然當(dāng)今中國甚至當(dāng)今世界的代議制民主制存在著自身無法克服的一些缺陷,需要通過進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大參與式民主來彌補(bǔ),但代議制依然是當(dāng)代中國民主運(yùn)行的主要民主機(jī)制。因而得出當(dāng)代中國民主技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢有四:一是代議制民主技術(shù)的不斷完善和精確化;二是參與民主技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,如協(xié)商技術(shù)的發(fā)展;三是新技術(shù)在民主政治中的作用日益凸顯,如電子民主技術(shù)等;四是推進(jìn)民主技術(shù)的制度化建設(shè),以科學(xué)的制度設(shè)計確保民主技術(shù)的客觀真實(shí)性和有效性。
[Abstract]:Democratic technology is a new discourse in political science. Today, after democracy is increasingly accepted as a universal concept of value, people's attention to democracy is increasingly turning from the value level to the combination of the value level and the technical level. The realization of democracy is largely dependent on democracy. The development of the technology, from the draw of Athens city states, the exile of shellfish (also translated as pottery exile), the democratic method of throwing beans, the emergence of modern representative democratic technology, and the advent of modern electronic democracy and consultative democratic technology, all embodied the exploration and unremitting pursuit of democracy and technology. The realization of the master is also inseparable from the support of democratic technology, and the research and practice of democratic technology should be the meaning of the political civilization of socialism with Chinese characteristics. This issue is also an important subject in the political life of contemporary China.
As a new perspective in the study of political science, how to construct the basic theory of democratic technology is the prerequisite for the effective study of the practice of democratic technology in contemporary China. This thesis is based on the theory of democratic technology, and then analyzes its development status in contemporary China, its difficulties and its causes, and tries to reveal its democratic technology. We should promote the effective operation of the socialist democratic system with Chinese characteristics and ensure the gradual realization of the value of socialist democracy.
The thesis first defines the study of contemporary China's democratic technology. The "democratic technology" described in this paper is based on the subject scope of political science, not the scope of the philosophy of technology, distinguishes it from procedural democracy, and defines democracy as "modern democracy" on the basis of the representative system, and then analyzes this democracy. The specific types and evolution of democracy and technology in the process are the prerequisite for the research.
The paper tries to construct the basic theory of democratic technology. Through the analysis of the concepts and connotations of the democratic technology, the nature and characteristics, the structure, the form and function, the preliminary understanding of the democratic technology is established, and the democratic technology is elected from the perspective of the democratic process of the Constitutionalism and the democratic technology and supervision of the decision-making. The classification of the three major technical types of democratic technology and the detailed history and specific technical content of their development and evolution are detailed. Finally, on the basis of the construction of a comprehensive evaluation system for the rationality and feasibility of democratic technology, some typical democratic technologies are analyzed to make it more clear to understand the effectiveness of democratic technology and to make it more clear. Its operating environment.
The end of the thesis is to elaborate the development of contemporary China's democratic technology. In the fourth chapter and the fifth chapter, the first is to sort out the course of the development of China's democratic technology. Then, the emphasis is put on the concrete analysis of the achievements and difficulties of the development of contemporary China's democratic technology, and it is believed that a more complete democracy has been established in China. The technical system has guaranteed the normal operation of the socialist democratic system to a certain extent. But it is undeniable that our country's democratic technology is still in the early stages of development, and there are still many defects and shortcomings, which are mainly manifested in the lack of the supply and rationality of democracy and the operation of democracy and the illegal operation of democracy and the operation of democratic technology. The formalization and the negative result of the result have greatly suppressed the realization of the socialist democratic value, and made the socialist democratic ideal just "seemingly beautiful" and formed a contrast with the practice of democracy. The cause of this development dilemma is, in addition to the original cause of democracy and technology itself, and more important is the administration of contemporary China. The ecological environment is not mature. Finally, through the analysis of the development logic of democracy itself and the key direction of contemporary China's democratic political construction, it is concluded that electoral democratic technology is the key field of modern China's democratic technology development. It analyzes the shortcomings and defects of contemporary China's electoral democratic technology in detail, and puts forward some corresponding measures.
The realization of socialist democratic value in contemporary China should be based on the breakthrough and innovation of democratic technology based on the national conditions of our country. The fifth chapter of the thesis analyzes the significance of the application and innovation of modern China's democratic technology to the development of China's democratic politics. Modern citizens promote the "incremental" development of democracy, strengthen the legitimacy foundation of the ruling and form a harmonious, orderly and stable political order. Through the analysis of the internal and external conditions of contemporary China's democratic technological innovation, the principles of innovation are analyzed, and then the contemporary China in electoral democracy, decision-making democracy and supervision of democracy are analyzed. In the process of democracy, the specific direction of the innovation of democracy and technology can provide some reference for China to speed up the process of democratic political construction.
At the end of this paper, the development trend of contemporary China's democratic technology is prospected. It is believed that although there are some defects that can not be overcome by the representative democracy system in China and even the present world, it is necessary to make up for the participatory democracy, but the representative system is still the main democratic mechanism for the Democratic operation of China. The development trend of contemporary China's democratic technology is four: one is the continuous improvement and precision of representative democratic technology; the two is the continuous development of democratic technology, such as the development of consultative technology; three is the increasingly prominent role of new technology in democracy, such as electronic democratic technology, and four is to promote the institutionalized construction of democratic technology. Scientific system design ensures the objectivity and effectiveness of democratic technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D621

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 王景玉;;互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代民主政治的實(shí)現(xiàn)方式[J];中共浙江省委黨校學(xué)報;2011年02期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 邱萍;社會主義和諧社會視閾下的增量民主研究[D];福建師范大學(xué);2011年

2 許茂華;網(wǎng)絡(luò)民主研究[D];云南師范大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號：2130827