【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和科技的發(fā)展以及人類生活方式的變化,人類在利用環(huán)境的同時(shí),也給環(huán)境造成了污染和破壞。被污染和破壞了的環(huán)境,又反過(guò)來(lái)危害了人們的公共健康。環(huán)境問(wèn)題已經(jīng)成為影響公共健康的重要因素。但是,我國(guó)的環(huán)境健康工作起步較晚,公共健康的環(huán)境法制度還不健全。因此,筆者將分析我國(guó)公共健康的現(xiàn)狀及其與環(huán)境法制的關(guān)系,從而提出完善我國(guó)有關(guān)公共健康的環(huán)境法治的建議。對(duì)于環(huán)境立法,可以引入健康與疾病的相關(guān)因素,在環(huán)境標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上注重對(duì)人的關(guān)懷而進(jìn)行制訂。對(duì)于環(huán)境執(zhí)法,明確劃分各部門(mén)的權(quán)責(zé),增加資金投入來(lái)保證環(huán)境執(zhí)法的獨(dú)立性,注重對(duì)環(huán)境執(zhí)法人員專業(yè)素質(zhì)的提高以利于法律的公平、公正,同時(shí)也要嚴(yán)格執(zhí)法加強(qiáng)對(duì)排污企業(yè)的懲罰力度。對(duì)于環(huán)境行政監(jiān)督,建議在法律上將環(huán)境與健康列入監(jiān)督標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并規(guī)定具體的實(shí)施細(xì)則,在人力、財(cái)力、物力上保證監(jiān)督主體的獨(dú)立性,建立機(jī)制鼓勵(lì)公眾積極參與環(huán)境行政監(jiān)督以發(fā)掘其在保護(hù)環(huán)境及維護(hù)公共健康方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)。最后,建議從環(huán)境健康損害賠償責(zé)任構(gòu)成要件及認(rèn)定方法、環(huán)境健康損害賠償責(zé)任判定相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)立、訴訟中環(huán)境健康損害賠償責(zé)任判定程序、環(huán)境污染致公共健康損害賠償救濟(jì)制度等方面來(lái)構(gòu)建保障公共健康的環(huán)境損害賠償責(zé)任體系。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy and science and technology as well as the change of human life style, mankind not only uses the environment, but also pollutes and destroys the environment. The polluted and damaged environment, in turn, endangers people's public health. Environmental problems have become an important factor affecting public health. However, the environmental health work of our country starts late, and the environmental law system of public health is not perfect. Therefore, the author will analyze the current situation of public health in China and its relationship with the environmental legal system, and put forward some suggestions on how to improve the environmental rule of law in China. For environmental legislation, we can introduce the related factors of health and disease, and lay stress on the care of human beings in environmental standards. With regard to environmental law enforcement, we should clearly divide the powers and responsibilities of various departments, increase capital input to ensure the independence of environmental law enforcement, and pay attention to improving the professional quality of environmental law enforcement personnel so as to benefit the fairness and impartiality of the law. At the same time, we should also strictly enforce the law to strengthen the punishment of sewage enterprises. With regard to environmental administrative supervision, it is recommended that environmental and health be included in the supervisory standards in law, and that specific implementation rules be formulated to ensure the independence of the subject of supervision in terms of human, financial and material resources. Establish a mechanism to encourage the public to actively participate in environmental administrative supervision in order to explore its advantages in protecting the environment and maintaining public health. Finally, it is suggested that the constitution of liability for environmental health damage and its determination methods, the establishment of relevant agencies for determining liability for environmental health damage, and the procedure for determining liability for environmental health damage in litigation. The system of compensation and relief for public health damage caused by environmental pollution is used to construct the liability system of environmental damage compensation for public health.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：X321

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本文編號(hào)：2128993